Polio: he aha ia?

ʻO ka maʻi poliomyelitis, ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo "polio", he a maʻi viral e pili ana i na keiki, a oi loa aku i na keiki a ʻO ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 5 mau makahiki. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi e pili ana i kēia maʻi lele nui e hoʻouka i ke kikowaena o ka ʻōnaehana a hiki ke hoʻoulu i loko o kekahi mau hola, ma kahi o hoʻokahi ma 200 mau hihia, a lolo hope loa. ʻO ka maʻi polio ke kumu nui o ke kino kīnā a puni ka honua. ʻO kēia maʻi maʻi, ka mea e make ai ma 5 a 10% o nā hihia o ka lolo, komo i ke kino ma o ka ukana a laila ulu i loko ʻōpū. Hiki iā ia ke lanakila i ka ka lāʻauʻala or oʻanā a hoʻoulu i ka pōʻino hiki ʻole ke hoʻoponopono ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, i nā manawa he nui e mau ana ka maʻi ʻano pīpuhi a i ʻole e hoʻopuka i nā hōʻailona maʻalahi wale nō. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hoʻoili i ka maʻi i ka poʻe e puni ana iā lākou no ka mea, lawe ʻia ka polio mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka.

ʻEkolu kaʻina o maʻi maʻi polio, he ma'i ma'i no ka 'ohana like me ka po'e e pili ana i ka ma'i ma'i a i 'ole ka ma'i hepa A, a 'a'ole hiki ke ola ma waho o ke kino kanaka. Ua loaʻa ka poliovirus type 2 hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 1999. Ke hoʻomau nei ka maʻi maʻi maʻamau ʻano 1 a me ka maʻi ʻano 3 i ka endemically (= ma kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka honua). Laha ka maʻi i loko o nā feces a hiki ke hoʻopili i ka wai a me ka meaʻai. Hoʻololi ka manawa incubation ma waena o 9 a 12 mau lā.

Ma nā ʻāina hoʻomohala, ua nalowale ka polio. Akā, pepehi mau a lolo paha i kekahi mau ʻāina. I kēia manawa, he hana honua o ke āʻauʻana Ua hana ʻia a, i kēia manawa ʻo Afghanistan wale nō, Nigeria a me Pakistan nā ʻāina endemic (hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina ʻoi aku ma mua o 125 i ka makahiki 1988).

La ke āʻauʻana ʻO ia wale nō ke ala e hoʻomalu ai i ka polio, i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo Heine-Medin maʻi a i ʻole ka maʻi lolo.

Hiki i nā kānaka me ka polio ke ulu i nā makahiki ma hope nā maʻi ma hope o ka polio (SPP). Ma kahi kokoke i ka hapalua o ka poe i hoolaia. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻōla a pale paha i ka luhi, nāwaliwali, a i ʻole ka ʻiʻo a me ka ʻeha hui o ka PPS. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā kumu o kēia maʻi no ka manawa. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole lele ka poʻe i loaʻa iā ia.

ʻO ke kuhikuhina

Mahalo i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ua hāʻule nui nā hihia polio. Ua piʻi ko lākou helu mai 350 mau hihia ma 000, i 1988 mau hihia ma 1625 a me 2008 i 650. I ka hopena o nā makahiki 2011, ua ʻae ʻia kahi ʻōlelo hoʻoholo e hoʻopau i ka polio mai ka honua. No laila, ʻo ka Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative (IMEP) ua hānau ʻia ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o nā aupuni aupuni, ka World Health Organization (WHO), Rotary International, -Oaio? A no ka mai a me ka Makuahine Kāohi (CDC), ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me UNICEF. Ua kōkua pū nā kālā pilikino, e like me ka Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, i ke kākoʻo ʻana i kēia hana e hoʻopaʻa i nā keiki āpau i ka maʻi polio.

Nā pilikia

ʻO 95% o nā maʻi polio i hōʻike ʻole i ka pilikias. Eia nō naʻe, inā hiki ka maʻi maʻi i ka ʻōnaehana koʻikoʻi waena, a maʻi ʻiʻo, me ka deformity o nā pūhaka, nā ku'eku'e wāwae a me nā wāwae, hiki ke 'ike a alaka'i i ka make.

ʻO ka lolo ma muli o ka polio manawa a mau paha.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā pilikia ʻē aʻe he XNUMX mau makahiki ma hope o ka maʻi, ʻoiai inā ua hoʻōla ʻia ke kanaka. E pili ana maʻi hope polio.