La prostate he kini o kaʻōnaehana hānau kāne. Aia ʻo ia ma lalo pono o ka ʻōpū a, e like me ke apo, hoʻopuni ʻo ia i ka urethra, ke ala e puka ai ka mimi a me ka pua mai ke kino. ʻO ke kuleana o ka prostate ka hana ʻana i ka wai prostatic, kekahi o nā ʻāpana o ka semen me ka wai seminal a me ka sperm, e mālama i ka semen ma mua o ka ejaculation, a laila e ʻaelike i ka wā ejaculation, no laila e komo i ke kaʻina hana o ka ejaculation. kipaku ana i ka hua.

Le prostate maʻi 'aʻai ʻo ia ka maʻi maʻi maʻamau i nā kāne: ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo 1 i 7 mau kāne e ʻike ʻia me ia, ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou XNUMXs. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe kumu i ʻike ʻia, aia kekahi predisposition genetic.

Ke holomua nei ka hapa nui o nā maʻi maʻi prostate lohi loa. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kāne i ʻike ʻia kēia maʻi maʻi e make no kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka pinepine ka hikoko noho i loko o ka prostate a ua liʻiliʻi nā hopena olakino, i kekahi manawa ke kumu nā maʻi mimi a i ʻole erectile. Eia naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau maʻi maʻi ke ulu a palahalaha koke.

Ma Palani, ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate ka maʻi maʻi kāne pinepine loa (71 mau hihia hou i manaʻo ʻia ma 200) a ʻo ke kolu o ke kumu nui o ka make maʻi maʻi i nā kāne (2011 make i kēlā me kēia makahiki). ʻO ka makahiki waena o ka maʻi maʻi he 3 mau makahiki, a ʻo 8% o nā maʻi maʻi prostate e ʻike ʻia ma hope o 700 mau makahiki. ʻO ka awelika o ka makahiki o ka make mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate he 74, ʻo ia hoʻi ka awelika o ke ola o nā kāne ma Farani. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate he maʻi maʻi me ka wānana maikaʻi: 44-makahiki pili ola ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia, mai 75% no nā maʻi i ʻike ʻia ma 78 a 5% i 70.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi prostate ka 2^e ke kumu o ka make ʻana o ke kāne maʻi ʻaʻai ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ma hope o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā.

ano

THEadenocarcinoma ʻo ia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi prostate. Hōʻike ia ma kahi o 95% o nā hihia.

ʻO ka nui o ka maʻi kanesa e pili ana i ka nui o ka hikoko (kūloko, me nā metastases kokoke a mamao paha) a me ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesaAia ka helu e ana i ka wānana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pilikia i loaʻa i ka mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia. ʻO kēia ka helu Gleason.

Hāʻawi kēia helu i ʻelua helu mai ka 3 a hiki i ka 5 i ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻiʻo prostate ma lalo o kahi microscope, nā helu e pili ana i nā papa 3, 4 a i ʻole 5. ʻO ka helu 3 e pili ana i ka ʻiʻo prostatic maikaʻi aʻe a ʻo ka helu 5 i ka ʻoi loa.

Me kēia mau helu, no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka helu mai ka 2 a hiki i ka 10, hoʻohui mākou i nā māka 2, ʻo ia ka heluna helu pinepine o nā cell i ka prostate a me ka helu kiʻekiʻe loa i ʻike ʻia. No laila, ʻo ka helu o 6 (1-1) e pili ana i ka maʻi kanesa liʻiliʻi, 7 i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka helu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpū. He mea nui kēia helu i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke koho ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no kēlā me kēia kāne.

ʻO ka hōʻailona a me ka nānāʻana

·         ʻO ka hoʻāʻo koko: ana i ka pae antigen prostate (APS ou PSA). Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi maʻi prostate ma ka ʻike ʻana i ka piʻi ʻana o kahi protein i loko o ke koko: prostate specific antigen a i ʻole PSA. ʻO PSA kahi mea i hana ʻia e ka prostate. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole manaʻo ka hopena kiʻekiʻe ma kēia hoʻāʻo ʻana he a Ka maʻi 'aʻai. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka nui o 4 nanograms / ml o kēia protein i loko o ke koko e pili ana me ka maʻi prostate ma kahi o 25% o nā hihia, a me kahi maʻi prostate ʻē aʻe ma 75% o nā hihia. Inā ʻaʻole ia he maʻi maʻi, hiki i kahi PSA kiʻekiʻe ke pili i ka hyperplasia prostatic benign, ʻā a i ʻole ka maʻi o ka prostate. prostate.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike ka PSA assay i nā hihia āpau o ke kanesa. Ma kahi haʻawina e loiloi ana i ka pono o ka hoʻāʻo PSA, 15% o nā kāne i hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻole i kēia hoʻāʻo (mai kahi hui o 2 mau kāne mai 950 a 62 mau makahiki) i loaʻa i ka maʻi prostate91. E haʻi kākou i ka ʻO ka helu PSA Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi e nānā i ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi prostate.

ʻAʻole nele ka biopsyaoao waiwai. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka noho ʻana no kahi manawa pōkole loa o ke koko i loko o ka mimi, ka pehu a i ʻole ka pua, ke kuni a me ka maʻi o ka prostate.

I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa:

- Inā ʻano ʻino ka prostate i ka nānā ʻana i ka rectal digital a hōʻike kāna palpation i ka maʻi kanesa, hana ʻia ka biopsy, ʻoiai inā he maʻamau ka PSA.

- Inā maʻamau ka prostate ma ka palpation a ʻoi aku ka PSA ma mua o 4 ng / ml, e hana ʻia ka biopsy inā piʻi ka PSA i ka manawa.

• Hoʻopā pololei. ʻO kāna kumu ka palpation o ka prostate gland. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hoʻokomo ke kauka i kahi manamana lima i uhi ʻia me ka mīkina lima i loko o ka rectum a hiki iā ia ke koho i ka nui a me ke kūlike o ka prostate. Hāʻawi kēia hana i ka mahalo hapa wale. Akā i kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻike i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi i ka poʻe i loaʻa ka nui oantigen prostatic kikoʻī (= APS a i ʻole PSA no "Prostatic Specific Antigen") maʻamau.
  • ʻO ka ultrasound transrectal. Hoʻohana wale ʻia ia e hana i kahi biopsy prostate a ʻaʻole hoihoi i kāna iho.
  • Biopsy i ka wā transrectal ultrasound. I ka wā o ka ultrasound, hiki i ke kauka ke alakaʻi i kahi nila e hoʻomaʻamaʻa o ka nā biopsies prostate, ʻo ia hoʻi, e lawe i kahi ʻiʻo prostate liʻiliʻi e nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. ʻAe kēia i ka helu Gleason e helu ʻia. ʻO kahi biopsy wale nō e hiki ke ʻike i ka maʻi prostate me ka maopopo. Hana ʻia ka biopsy me ka nila i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka prostate. Lawe ʻia ka 10 a hiki i ka 12 mau ʻāpana kiko i ka manawa like, ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka prostate

    Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻenehana no nā kumu PalekanaEND_LINK, ʻaʻole kānana. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i ka wā i loaʻa ka PSA kiʻekiʻe o ke kāne a i ʻole i ka wā e ʻike ai ka hoʻokolohua rectal digital i kahi prostate maʻamau.