Ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai nā ʻoki: nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i kēia mite

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka nahu ʻana?

Aia ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka nahu ʻana o ka tick (e like me ka High Authority of Health) a i ʻole nahu (e like me ka pūnaewele o ka Social Security) e omo i ko mākou koko… nui nā hōʻailona hiki iā lākou ke hana i ko lākou helehelena, a ʻaʻole e hoʻomāmā ʻia lākou! Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoili i nā ʻano pathogens, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke pilikia headaches, nā ʻōuli like flu, lolo, a ike a Pāpā ʻulaʻula, i kapa ʻia ʻo "erythema migrans", ke ʻano o ka maʻi Lyme.

He aha ka maʻi Lyme?

Ua manaʻo ʻia, mahalo i ka nānā ʻana o ka ʻike infectious o kahi laʻana o nā ticks, ʻo ka 15% o lākou he mea lawe, ma metropolitan Farani, o ka maʻi bacteria e kumu. ʻO ka maʻi Lyme. ʻO ka maʻi Lyme, kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻO Lyme borreliosis, he ma'i ma'i ia e ka bacteria ʻO Borrelia burgdorferi. Hiki i ka tick ke hoʻoili i kēia bacteria i ke kanaka i ka wā e nahu ai. ʻO Lyme borreliosis ke kumu o nā hōʻailona like me ka maʻi maʻi, a me ka ʻulaʻula i kapa ʻia ʻo "erythema migrans", hiki ke hoʻopau iā lākou iho.

More i kekahi manawa, piʻi ka maʻi a pili i nā kino ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona ma ka ʻili (e like me ka pehu ʻana), ka ʻōnaehana nūnū (meninges, lolo, aʻalolo maka), nā hono (ka nui o ke kuli) a, i nā hihia liʻiliʻi, ka puʻuwai (nā puʻuwai puʻuwai). Mai ka 5 a hiki i ka 15% o ka poʻe e ʻike i ka pōʻino o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena ma kēia kaʻina lua. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, he kakaikahi kēia mau hoʻouka kaua. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻo ka nahu / nahu wale ke kumu i nā pilikia maʻalahi. 

He aha ka maningoencephalitis i lawe ʻia e ka tick-borne (FSME)?

ʻO ka maʻi maʻamau ʻē aʻe i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka nahu tick maningoencephalitis ma'i. ʻO kēia maʻi ma muli o ka maʻi (a ʻaʻole he hua bacteria e like me ka maʻi Lyme) a ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo "vernoestival" meningoencephalitis, e pili ana i nā kau (ka pūnāwai-kauwela) i ka wā e ulu nui ai.

Aia ʻo ia ma ke kumu o nā maʻi kupapaʻu i loko o ka maninges, spinal cord a lolo paha. ʻO ka pinepine, ke kumu ia i nā hōʻailona like me ka maʻi flu, ka ʻeha hui, ke poʻo, a me ka luhi. Pono ka ho'āʻo koko e hana i ka ʻike. I kēia lā, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau, akā ua ʻōlelo ʻia kahi kano. 

ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau encephalitis?

ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i ka maʻi Lyme, akā aia kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hui pū ana me Pfizer i kēia manawa i ka manawa hoʻāʻo, me ka manaʻolana o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka makahiki 2025. Eia naʻe, ʻōlelo ʻia e nā luna olakino Farani e hoʻopaʻa i ka maʻi encephalitis i lawe ʻia e ka tick-borne, ʻoi aku i ka wā e hele ai. i loko Waena, Hikina a me ʻEulopa ʻĀkau, aiʻole kekahi mau wahi o Kina a i Iapana paha, ma waena o ka puna a me ke kau.

Nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i kēia maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻO Ticovac 0,25 ml nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā keiki, ʻO nā ʻōpio a me nā pākeke ʻo Ticovac mai ka hale hana Pfizer a i ʻole ka Encépur mai nā hale hana ʻo GlaxoSmithKline. ʻAʻole hiki i ka hope injected wale mai ka makahiki o 12 makahiki.

Pehea e pale aku ai i ka nahu ʻana?

ʻOiai ʻo nā hōʻailona i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​bacteria ʻaʻole hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia, pōmaikaʻi hikie pale i keia mite ! E akahele, e kuʻi me ka ʻeha ʻole a no laila paʻakikī ke ʻike. No ka kaupalena ʻana i nā pilikia e like me ka hiki, hiki iā ʻoe ke: 

• E komo i waho nā lole e uhi ana i nā lima a me nā wāwae, nā kāmaʻa paʻa a me ka pāpale. Manaʻo nui ʻia ka mea hope, e kuhikuhi ana i ka INRAE, ka National Institute of Agronomic Research, " no na keiki me ke poo a hiki i ka mauu a me ka nahelehele ". Nā lole māmā hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka nānā ʻana i nā ticks, no laila ʻoi aku ka ʻike ma mua o ka ʻeleʻele.
• I ka nahele, pale mākou i ka haʻalele ʻana i nā ala. Hoʻopili kēia i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻaʻa i ka pala, nā ferns a me nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe.
• Hoʻi mai kāu hele ʻana, ʻōlelo ʻia e e hoʻomaloʻo i nā lole a pau ma kahi wela o 40 ° C ka liʻiliʻi i mea e pepehi ai i kahi kiko huna huna.
• Pono nō hoʻi e auau a e nānā ʻaʻole mākou e ʻike ma kona kino a me kā mākou mau keiki, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā ʻāpana a me nā wahi i ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa (ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻāʻī, ma hope o nā pepeiao a me nā kuli). he kiko ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi e like me ka mole ʻaʻole i laila ma mua ! E akahele, ʻaʻole e ana ʻia nā larvae tick ma mua o 0,5 millimeters, a laila nā nymphs 1 a 2 millimeters.
• He mea naʻauao ke loaʻa mau i ka lima he mea hoopau maka, a 'o kekahi'he mea hoolei, ma ka makemake ʻana i ka poʻe me ka ʻae kūʻai aku, a ma ka mahalo ʻana i kā lākou mau kūlana o ka hoʻohana ʻana (hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau ma ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka hiki contraindications no nā keiki a me nā wahine hāpai). Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokomo i nā lole o kā mākou mau keiki, a me kā mākou ponoʻī, me ka repellent. 

Pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka huki ʻiʻo ma ka ʻili kanaka?

Ma Farani, paipai ka Health Insurance e hoʻohana i ka wehe ʻana i ke kiko (kūʻai ʻia ma nā lāʻau lapaʻau) a i ʻole ʻaʻole ia, kahi tweezers maikaʻi e wehe i kahi kiko i ʻike ʻia ma kona ʻili a i ʻole o kona ʻohana. ʻO ka pahuhopu, ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻa mālie ʻana i ka nalo i kahi kokoke loa i ka ʻili me ka huki mālie akā paʻa, a me ka hana ʻana i ka neʻe pōʻai i ʻole e haki i ka mea waha, e waiho ana ma lalo o ka ʻili. 

« Hoʻemi ka neʻe ʻana o ka rotational i nā hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i nā spines liʻiliʻi o ka rostrum (poʻo o ka tick), a no laila e hoʻemi i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka haʻalele. », Wehewehe ia UFC-Que Choisir, Denis Heitz, ka luna nui o O'tom, kekahi o na mea hana i na makau. ” Inā hemo loa ka māka, ua maikaʻi nā mea a pau, kuhikuhi i ka hope. ʻO ka mea nui ʻaʻole ia e ʻoki i ka ʻōpū i ka manawa o ka wehe ʻana mai ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hopena o ka lawe ʻana i nā pathogens. » 

Inā ʻaʻole i wehe ke kanaka i ke poʻo holoʻokoʻa o ka tick a me ka rostrum i ka hoʻāʻo mua, mai hopohopo: “ Aia ka ʻōpū kohu i loko o ka ʻōpū », Hōʻike iā Nathalie Boulanger, ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka Borrelia National Reference Center ma Strasbourg, i nīnauʻia e ka UFC-Que Choisir. Hiki i ke kauka ke kōkua i ka wehe ʻana i ke koena i paʻa i ka ʻili, a i ʻole hiki iā mākou ke kali a "maloʻo" a hāʻule.

I nā hihia a pau, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻili me ka a chlorhexidine antiseptic et e nānā i ka wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no 30 mau lā inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i kahi pālaʻi ʻulaʻula e pālahalaha ana, kahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi Lyme. Hiki ke maʻalahi ke kākau i ka lā āu i ū ai. Ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ke anuanu a me ke kuni, pono ia kukakuka i kāna kauka i ka hikiwawe loa… a e makaʻala ʻaʻole e huikau i kēia mau hōʻailona me nā mea o Covid-19!

ʻAʻohe manawa o ka tick e hoʻouna i nā maʻi a me ka bacteria inā e kau ʻia ma mua o 7 mau hola. ʻO ia ke kumu e hana wikiwiki ai kākou.

Pehea e mālama ai i ka nahu ʻana?

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻo kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ʻana, a i ʻole kā mākou keiki, e hoʻopau iā ia iho i ka maʻi maʻi Lyme. I ka pale ʻana, hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi a lāʻau mālama maʻi mai 20 a 28 mau lā e like me nā hōʻailona lapaʻau i ʻike ʻia i ka maʻi maʻi.

Ua hoʻomanaʻo ka Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) no nā maʻi i hoʻolaha ʻia (5% o nā maʻi) o nā maʻi Lyme, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea e hōʻike ana iā lākou iho i mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina ma hope o kahi injection, pono nā hoʻokolohua hou e like me nā serologies a me nā ʻōlelo aʻo loea. . 

Aia kekahi mau pilikia hou i ka wā hāpai?

He liʻiliʻi nā haʻawina olakino e pili ana i ke kumuhana, akā ʻAʻohe pilikia hou aʻe i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana. Akā, pono mau ka akahele a me ka nānā ʻana, a hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau no ʻoe.

Wahi a kahi noiʻi Farani i hana ʻia ma 2013, ka ʻO Borrelia burgdorferi hiki i kekahi lima ke hiki keʻaʻa i ka pale placental, a no laila e hoʻopili ai i ke keiki e ulu ana, me ka pilikia nui o ka maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi puʻuwai. ʻO kēia ka hihia ke hoʻomaka ka maʻi i ka trimester mua a ʻaʻole mālama koke ʻia.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i ka maʻi a wehe iā ia, a i ʻole e mālama ʻia ana nā hōʻailona o ka nahu ʻana, a laila ʻaʻohe pono e hopohopo.

Ma hea kahi e noho ai nā ʻoki ma Farani?

1. ʻO nā wahi noho tick makemake ʻia lihi ululāʻau, mauʻu, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, nā kumu lāʻau, nā pā a me nā kumu lāʻau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka noho ʻana o kēia mau mea ʻūlū koko i nā piʻi wela, akā he kiʻekiʻe loa ko lākou hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kiʻekiʻe, a hiki i 2 mika, a me ka haʻahaʻa. Ma lalo o 000 ° C, hele i ka hibernation. 

2. Mai ka makahiki 2017, ua helu ʻia ka papahana noiʻi komo ʻana o CiTIQUE, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e INRAE, i ko mākou komo ʻana i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ʻike o nā ticks a me nā maʻi pili. Hiki i kēlā me kēia ke hōʻike i ka nahu tick me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka palapala noi manuahi "Tick Report".

3. "Tick Report": loaʻa kahi mana hou o ka palapala noi e hōʻike i nā nahu tick

4. Hiki i ka mea hope ke hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka māhele ʻāina, ka pōʻaiapili o ka nahu ʻana (lā, wahi o ke kino i nahu ʻia, helu o nā ticks i hoʻokomo ʻia, ʻano kaiapuni, kumu no ka nahu ʻana. noho ma ka wahi nahu, kiʻi o ka nahu a me / a i ʻole ka māka…) a me nā pathogens a lākou e lawe ai. Ua hoʻoiho ʻia ka palapala noi ma mua o 70 mau manawa ma lalo o ʻehā mau makahiki, kahi i hiki ai ke hoʻokumu i kahi palapala palapala maoli o ka pilikia o ka nahu tick ma Farani. 

5. Ma ka mana hou loa o "Tick Report", hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hana i kekahi mau moʻolelo i loko o ka waihona hoʻokahi, no nā hōʻike nahu e hiki mai ana. ” No ka laʻana, hiki i kahi ʻohana ke mālama i nā ʻaoʻao ma kahi moʻokāki hoʻokahi. makua, nā keiki a me nā holoholona. Loaʻa i nā mea hoʻohana ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka pale ʻana a ma hope o ka nahu ʻana », Hōʻike iā INRAE. Hiki ke hōʻike i kahi injection i ka wā e "offline", no ka mea e hoʻouna ka palapala noi i ka hōʻike ke loaʻa ka pilina pūnaewele.

6. Ticks: pilikia pū kekahi ma nā māla pilikino a me ka lehulehu

7. ʻOiai ʻo nā wahi nui o ka hele ʻana o nā ticks i ʻike ʻia e ka lehulehu he nā ululāʻau, nā wahi lāʻau a me nā wahi haʻahaʻa, a me nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe i nā prairies, ua loaʻa kahi hapakolu o nā nahu i nā māla pilikino a i ʻole nā ​​​​papa ākea, e koi ʻia e like me INRAE ​​​​ " e noʻonoʻo hou i ka pale ʻana i kēia mau wahi kahi i makemake ʻole ai ka poʻe e hahai i nā hana pale ʻana i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka hele ʻana i ka nahele. “. Ma waena o 2017 a me 2019, 28% o ka poʻe ma nā wahi metropolitan i haʻi ʻia e ʻūhu ʻia i loko o kahi kīhāpai pilikino, kūʻē iā 47% ma waena o Malaki a me ʻApelila 2020.

8. Ticks: piʻi nui ka nahu ma nā māla pilikino

9. INRAE ​​​​a me ANSES, ka National Food Sanitary Security Agency, no laila ua hoʻokumu i ka papahana "TIQUoJARDIN" i ka hopena o ʻApelila 2021. ʻO kāna pahuhopu ? E hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i ka pilikia e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ticks ma nā māla pilikino, e hoʻoholo i nā kumu maʻamau o kēia mau kīhāpai a e ʻike inā lawe kēia mau ticks i nā pathogens. Mai kahi pahu hōʻiliʻili i hoʻouna ʻia i nā ʻohana manawaleʻa ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Nancy a me nā kaona e pili ana, ʻoi aku ma mua o 200 mau māla e nānā ʻia, a e ʻike ʻia nā hopena i ke kaiāulu ʻepekema a me nā kamaʻāina.

He aha ke kau tick?

Mahalo i ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma luna o ʻekolu mau makahiki o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka noi "Tick Signaling", ua hiki i nā mea noiʻi INRAE ​​ke hōʻoia i ka wā pilikia loa ʻo ka puna a me ka hāʻule. Ma ka awelika, ʻo ka pilikia o ka hele ʻana i nā ticks kiʻekiʻe loa ma waena o Malaki a me Nowemapa.

Pehea e wehe ai i kahi kiko mai kā mākou ʻīlio a i kā mākou pōpoki?

Hāʻawi ʻia i ko lākou ʻano o ke ola, aloha nui ʻia kā mākou mau holoholona wāwae ʻehā e nā ʻoki! Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi kiko ma ka ʻaʻahu a i ʻole ka ʻili o kāu pipi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi kāleka tick, tweezers liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole kou mau manamana lima, e wehe. I ka pale ʻana, aia kekahi nā kola kūʻē, e like me nā puʻupuʻu, kulu a i ʻole nā ​​papa maʻa. 

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole loaʻa kā mākou ʻīlio a pōpoki paha i ka nahu ʻana o ka tick, akā inā i loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoili i ka maʻi Lyme a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi iā lākou. ʻOi aku ka maʻi o ka ʻīlio ma mua o ka pōpoki.. I ka hihia o ka kānalua, hiki iā ʻoe ke noi i kahi hoʻāʻo mai kāu kauka holoholona, ​​a laila e hoʻokumu i kahi lāʻau lāʻau antibiotic. E kūʻē iā FSME ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no kā mākou holoholona.