Kofe a me ka hāpai ʻana: pilikia o ka hāʻule ʻana?

Wahi a Health Canada, ʻaʻole pono nā wahine hāpai a me nā wahine hānai e ʻai ma mua o 300 mg o ka caffeine i kēlā me kēia lā (ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua kīʻaha kofe, a i ʻole 235 ml). ʻElua mau noiʻi epidemiological i hoʻomālamalama i ka piʻi nui o ka hāʻule ʻana¹ a hāʻawi i kahi pēpē haʻahaʻa kaumaha² i nā wahine hāpai e ʻai ana ma mua o 3 mau kīʻaha kofe i ka lā. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hōʻike ʻia nā ʻikepili ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ka mea i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia i ka manawa hoʻokahi, ʻaʻole pili ka inu kofe me ka hopena o ka make fetal.³ a i ʻole ke kino hānau⁴.

• Hoʻonui ka puhi paka i ka pilikia,
• waiʻona a lāʻau lāʻau paha i ka wā hāpai. (E hoʻomanaʻo, pono mākou e inu i ka waiʻona zero i ka wā hāpai).
• ʻIke mau i kekahi mau mea kemika.
• ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau i ka wā hāpai, no ka laʻana, ibuprofen, naproxen a me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal ʻē aʻe.

E ʻike i ka nūhou ma Passeportsanté.net: Manaʻo ʻia nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory i pili i ka hāʻule ʻole

• ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka caffeine kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau kīʻaha i ka lā.
• ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua prenatal e like me ka amniocentesis a i ʻole chorionic villus sampling. (e nānā i ka pahu)
• ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiū maka (unpasteurized) i hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻohaumia ʻana me ka bacteria e like me Samonella, Listeria ou EE coli coli.
• Fiva.
• ʻO ka maʻi Rubella a me nā maʻi makuahine ʻē aʻe i mālama ʻole ʻia (toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, influenza).

Nā hoʻokolohua prenatal a me ka pilikia o ka hāʻule ʻana

THEamniocentesis ʻo ia ka ʻenehana diagnostic prenatal i hoʻohana nui ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoholo me ka maopopo inā loaʻa ka maʻi Down's i ka pēpē. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo inā pau nā pule he 21 o ka hāpai ʻana. No ka hana ʻana i kahi amniocentesis, lawe ʻia ka wai amniotic mai ka ʻōpū o ka wahine hāpai me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila lahilahi i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kona ʻōpū. Aia kēia hoʻokolohua a ka pilikia o ka nalowale o ka fetal ma kahi o 1 ma 200 a i ʻole 0,5%. ʻO ia ke kumu e hāʻawi nui ai nā kauka i kēia hoʻāʻo i nā wahine he 35 mau makahiki a ʻoi aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​wahine i pilikia nui ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo koko.

ʻO Chorionic villus (PVC) sampling (a i ʻole biopsy) pili i ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ka placenta i kapa ʻia ʻo chorionic villi. Lawe ʻia ka laʻana ma ka paia ʻōpū a i ʻole ma waena o 11 a me 13 pule o ka hāpai ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻenehana no ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā he chromosomal abnormal i ka pēpē, no ka laʻana trisomy 21. ʻO ka biopsy Chorionic villus kahi ka pilikia o ka hāʻule ʻana o 0,5 a 1%.