Le kukuli ʻo ia ka mea nui loa hui pū mai ke kino. He mea nui ia i kā mākou neʻe a paʻa. I kekahi mau neʻe ʻana, e like me ka piʻi piʻi ʻana, kākoʻo nā kuli iā 4 a 5 mau manawa ke kaumaha o ke kino¹. No laila, hiki iā lākou ke nāwaliwali a hōʻino ʻia e nā ʻano hana like ʻole i hana ʻia i kekahi mau ʻoihana a i ʻole kekahi mau haʻuki. ʻO ka hopena ka hanana o nā pilikia pilikia o ka musculoskeletal kumu ia i ka ʻeha a me ka palena o ka neʻe.

Hana hoʻomāinoino pinepine ʻia nā kuli e nā mea haʻuki a me nā mea haʻuki kiʻekiʻe, nā mea i hoʻoluhi pinepine iā lākou a hoʻokau iā lākou i nā hahau a me nā pilina. Hoʻokahi hapakolu o nā pōʻai hoʻolālā pili pū i nā kuli⁸. ʻO nā ʻoihana e koi ai iā ʻoe e noho i kahi kūlana squatting a i ʻole ke kukuli pinepine ʻana (ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua hola o kēlā me kēia lā), e ala pinepine mai kēia mau kūlana ʻelua, e piʻi pinepine i ke alapiʻi a i ʻole e hāpai i nā ukana kaumaha e hoʻonui pū i ka makaʻu o ka ʻeha. ka uha kuli.

E hoʻomaopopo piha i nā mea e ukali nei, pono paha e kuhikuhi i kā mākou Anatomy o nā hono: ka pepa kumumanaʻo e hōʻike a wehewehe i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa e hana i kahi hui.

ʻO nā maʻi musculoskeletal o ke kuli e hui pū i nā pilikia he nui (e nānā i ke kiʻi).

• ʻO Sprain, ʻo ia ke kīloi ʻana o kahi ligament (kaʻiʻo fibrous e hoʻopili pū i nā iwi);
• ka nā maʻi ʻeha (a tendonitis paha), ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻouka ʻana o ke kuhi, kēia "kaula" e hoʻopili ana i nā mākala i nā iwi. I ke kuli, hiki i nā olonā he nui ke ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​waimaka;
• ʻO nā leona o ka menisci, ʻelua mau cartilages liʻiliʻi, ʻano like crescent aia ma waena o ka tibia a me ka femur i kēlā me kēia kuli;
• ʻO ka hygroma a i ʻole hale kupapaʻu o ke kuli, i kūlike i ka mumū o ka "bursae", nā ʻeke liʻiliʻi i loaʻa i ke kuli nona ke kuleana e kōkua i ka heʻe ʻana o nā uaua;
• La hoʻoliʻiliʻi nerve e iho i ka ʻaoʻao o ka bipi keiki (nerve popliteal sciatic waho).

ano

Hōʻike kēia pepa i nā maʻi musculoskeletal 3 o ka kuli e ʻike pinepine ai. femoro-patellar syndrome a maʻi wili iliotibial, loaʻa pinepine ʻia i nā poʻe haʻuki, a ʻo ʻūhā ʻūhā, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kūlana kneeling pinepine a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia a i ʻole trauma kū pololei.

Pili kēia mau ʻano maʻi ʻekolu i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i ke kuli a hōʻike lohi iā lākou iho. ʻAʻohe o lākou ka hopena koke o ka ulia pōpilikia a i ʻole ka haʻalulu hoʻopili, a ma kahi o ka hopena he ligament ligament a me nā meniscus.

Maʻi maʻi Patellofemoral

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻehā hapaha o ka poʻe haʻuki e ʻeha i kēia maʻi maʻi i kekahi manawa a i ʻole. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka maʻi Patellofemoral e ka huhū o nā cartilages o ke ami o ke kuli. kukuli, ma waena o ka femur (ka ʻūhā iwi) a me ka kneecap (ʻike i ke kiʻi). ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli ke hui ʻia surutilisée a i ʻole koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi paha ia, e like me ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana i ka ikaika o ka hoʻoikaika kino, a i ʻole inā aia kuhihewa ma waena o ka patella a me ka femur.

Nā kumu nui:

• ʻO kahi sag o ka piʻo wāwae (ke kiko o ka wāwae), kahi e hoʻohuli i ke kaulike o ke kuli, he kumu maʻamau. ʻO nā kumu hoʻoilina a biology paha ke kumu o ka pilikia;
• ʻO kahi kaulike ʻole o nā pūʻali mākala hooikaika ma ka kneecap, ka mea e hoʻopuka ai i ka misalignment i ka neʻe ʻana, he kumu maʻamau kekahi;
• La hana hou ana ʻo kekahi o nā hana aʻe: e piʻi a i lalo i nā ʻanuʻu, e holo ana ma kahi pali i uka, e hele ana no nā ala lōʻihi, e squatting pinepine a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i nā hana kahi e lele pinepine ai (kinipōpō hīnaʻi, pōpō peku), hulahula ...). He pilikia kēia mau hana no ka poʻe me ka pololei ʻole o ka kneecap a no ka poʻe hoʻomākaukau kino ʻole;
• Un hōʻeha kuli ma hope o kahi hāʻule ma nā kneecaps a i ʻole kahi ulia kalepa.

Iliotibial band friction maʻi pale

Hōʻike kēia ʻano ʻeha i ka wā lōʻihi ma muli o ka hana pinepine ʻana o loli a me D 'hoʻolōʻihi kukuli. ʻO ka poʻe haʻuki i pilikia nui ka poʻe holo lōʻihi (4% a i 7% ka hopena⁷) a me nā paikikala. Kū ka huhū a me ka mumū ma muli o ka hamo pinepine ʻana o nā hanana ʻelua o ke kuli, ma kona ʻaoʻao i waho: ka lōʻihi ʻili fibrous Aia ma ke alo o ka ʻūhā (ka iliotibial band) a me kahi protuberance o ka femur (ka ʻūhā iwi). Kuhi ʻia kēia ʻano i kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano he "Windhield Wiper Syndrome" no ka mea ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka manaʻo o ka ʻānai e ʻānai ana i ka iwi ma lalo o ka ʻili i ka mea o ka wiper e kani ana ma ka aniani. hana hou.

Nā kumu nui:

• He pilikia ohoʻoliʻiliʻi kuli mea maʻamau loa;
• He nele o kohoʻia ʻo ka hui iliotibial a me nā mākia e pili ana iā ia (ʻo ka tensor fascia lata a me ka gluteus maximus) kokoke pili mau;
• Ka hana o nā hana e koi ai nā flexes hou a me nā hoʻolōʻihi kuli, e like me ka holo keʻa keʻa, ka piʻi mauna, a me ke kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa.

Bursitis kukuli

ʻO Bursitis ka mumū a mānoanoa paha o kahi bursa, kahi ʻano pad liʻiliʻi i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai e kōkua ai i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hakakā ma waena o nā iwi, nā uaua, a me nā mākala ma loko o ke kuli. Aia he 11 bursas i kēlā me kēia kuli, akā pinepine ka bursitis i mua o ke kneecap (prerotular bursitis).

Nā kumu nui:

• Hana pinepine i kākoʻo ma nā kuli kahi kumu nui i ka bursitis, no ka mea ke kumu o ka mānoanoa o ka bursa i ka wā lōʻihi. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻano bursitis i kekahi manawa ʻo ke kuli ʻo ka wahine hoʻomaʻemaʻe »;
• ka hāʻule ma nā kuli (volleyball, hākōkō ...) hiki ke hoʻonā i ka huhū koke o ka bursa;
• La holo hiki ke hoʻonā i ka bursa anserine ma ka ʻaoʻao i loko o ke kuli, ma lalo pono o ka ami.

Nā pilikia i hiki

Hiki ke hōʻeha i kahi ʻeha kuli i hana ʻole ʻia i loko maʻi Pain. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia kahi kaʻina uku e ka wāwae ʻeha ʻole, a hiki i nā pilikia biomekanika ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke kuhikuhina

ka nā maʻi musculoskeletal o ke kuli maʻamau loa ia, ma nā mea pāʻani a me nā limahana a pau. He paʻakikī ka loiloi o ka prevalence, akā kahi syntheshes o nā noiʻi e nānā ana i ka hana o ka hana e pili ana i nā maʻi o ke kuli i hōʻike ʻia he 19% o ka heluna hana (hui pū ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻoihana āpau) i hoʻopiʻi i ka ʻeha o ke kuli i hana ʻia i nā 12 mau mahina i hala.³.