ʻO ka lilo ʻana o kahi mea aloha kahi hanana ʻeha loa. Ma hope o ka make ʻana, hiki i ka ʻohana o ka mea i make ke noi i kahi mālama mālama, i kapa ʻia ka embalming. Hoʻoiho kēia i ka putrefaction maoli o ke kino a kōkua e mālama iā ia. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka mea i make ua ola ma mua 5000 mau makahiki i hala aku nei: no laila, ʻo ko ʻAigupita - a ma mua o lākou ka poʻe Tibet, nā Kina - i iʻaloa ai i kā lākou mea make. I kēia lā, hana ʻia kēia mau hana ma ke kino o ke kanaka i make wale i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke koko me formalin, me ka ʻole o ka evisceration. Mālama ʻia kēia mālama mālama mālama ʻia e kahi embalmer kūpono, ʻaʻole koi ʻia. Nonoi pinepine ʻia ka mālama ʻana i loko o nā hola XNUMX o ka make.

I ka makahiki 1963 ka manawa i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka huaʻōlelo dethana "topraxia". ʻO kēia huaʻōlelo mai ka Helene mai: "Thanatos" ke akamai o ka make, a ʻo "praxein" ke ʻano o ka manipulate me ka manaʻo o ka neʻe, e hana. No laila ʻo ka embalming kahi o nā ʻenehana i hana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā kino ma hope o ka make. Ua pani kēia huaʻōlelo i ka inoa o ka "embalm", ʻo ia hoʻi "e hoʻokomo i ka balama". ʻOiai, ʻaʻole pili kēia inoa i nā hana hou o ka mālama ʻana i nā kino o ka mea i make. 

Mai ka 1976, ua ʻike ʻia ka embalming e nā luna lehulehu, nāna i ʻae i nā wai mālama: no laila mai kēia lā wale nō i komo ai ka inoa "mālama mālama" i nā kānāwai hoʻolewa. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka embalming i kahi injection o kahi hopena mālama a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i loko o ka ʻōnaehana vascular o ka mea i make, ma mua o ka kahe ʻana o nā wai mai nā ʻūhā a me nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, me ka hana ʻole ʻana i ka evisceration.

Ua mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana o ka mea i make 5000 mau makahiki i hala. ʻO ka poʻe ʻAigupita - a ma mua o lākou ka poʻe Tibet, ka poʻe Kina - iʻaloa ʻia ka poʻe make. ʻOiai, ʻo nā ʻenehana o ke kanu ʻana o nā kupapaʻu i wahī ʻia i kahi uhi a waiho ʻia i nā hale kupapaʻu ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia kahi mālama pono. ʻO ke ʻano ʻenehana no ka iʻaloa ʻana o ʻAigupita mai kahi hana o ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻiʻo i loko o ka brine. 

Ua pili pili loa kēia kaʻina hana embalming i ka manaʻo metaphysical i ka metempsychosis, kahi aʻo e like me ka mea e hiki ai i ka ʻuhane like ke hana hou i nā kino. Ua haʻi pū aku ka mea kākau moʻolelo Helene ʻo Herodotus i ka manaʻoʻiʻo i ka make ʻole e pili ana i ka ʻuhane a me ke kino, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e pala ka hope. Ua wehewehe ʻo Herodotus i ʻekolu mau hana no ka iʻaloa ʻana i hana ʻia e nā ʻākoakoa ʻo ʻAigupita, e like me ke ʻano kālā o nā ʻohana.

Wahi a kekahi mau kumuwaiwai, no ka embalming o kēia manawa ka hana mai ka hana hoʻoheheʻe arterial i haku ʻia e kahi kaukana Lūkini ma ka pūʻali koa ʻAmelika, ʻo Jean-Nicolas Gannal, ka mea ma kahi o 1835 i loaʻa ai kēia ʻano hana no ka mālama ʻana i nā kupapaʻu, a laila paipae ʻia ʻo ia: ke ala arterial. Hōʻike nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe he mea maikaʻi ʻole ke kāhiko ʻana i nā kauka ʻaʻole no ka pūʻali koa, akā uku ʻia e nā ʻohana o nā koa, nāna i mālama i kēia mālama o ka mālama ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻana o ka poʻe "make i ka hakakā" a hiki i ka hoʻolewa. Aia i kekahi hihia i loaʻa i kēia ʻenehana ka ikaika i ka wā o ke Kaua Kivila ʻAmelika. Ua pālahalaha nui ʻia kēia hana ma Palani mai nā makahiki 1960.

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka embalming, kahi hana o ka mālama pono a me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka mea i make, e hoʻolohi i ke kaʻina hana o ka putrefaction o ke kupapaʻu. Pēlā nō ia, e like me ka mea kālaimeaola ʻo Hélène Gérard-Rosay, "E hōʻike i ka mea i make i nā kūlana maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi". He mea nui ke kūlana mua o ka mea i make no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka mālama ʻana o ka embalmer. Hoʻohui, ʻo ka wikiwiki o kēia mālama ʻana i ka embalming ma hope o ka make ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nani o ka hopena. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻokomo nā mea kanu i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau i noi ʻia me ka pahuhopu e hoʻolohi i ke kaʻina hana maoli o ka palaho, i mea e mālama a mālama ai i ke kino o ka mea i make.

I kēia manawa, thanatopraxy, a i ʻole nā ​​mālama a pau i hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea i make, e hoʻopili pū me nā ʻenehana e hoʻolohi ana i nā hopena biochemical hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia, a pinepine pinepine i ka traumatic, o ka putrefaction (i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo thanatomorphosis) no ke kino kaiaulu. Hōʻike ka loea ʻo Louis-Vincent Thomas i kēia mau hana kino a me ke kino, a ʻoi aku ka nani, nā hana i kāpae i ke kaʻina hana cadaverization no kekahi manawa kau palena e hiki ai "E hōʻoia i ka mālama ʻana a me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka mea i make ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono o ka maʻemaʻe o ke kino a me ka noʻonoʻo."

Hoʻolālā ka mālama ʻana e ka embalmer e hoʻololi i ʻaneʻane i ke koko o ka mea i make me kahi hopena formalin, aseptic. No kēia, hoʻohana ka embalmer i kahi trocar, ʻo ia ka mea ʻoi aku ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea ʻoki e hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai a me nā ʻōpū. Mālama mau ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ke kino. ʻAʻole koi ʻia ka mālama ʻana e ka embalmer, a pono e noi ʻia e nā ʻohana. Uku ʻia kēia mau hana embalming. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, inā ʻaʻole koi ʻia kēia hana ma Palani, aia ia ma lalo o kekahi mau ʻano, i ka hihia o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā ʻāina ʻē i kekahi mau ʻāina.

Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka 1846, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka arsenic a laila hoʻohana ʻia e ka glycine borated ma ke ʻano he mea komo i loko e lawe i ka wai hoʻowali i loko o nā aʻa o ka mea i make. ʻO ia ka phenol e hoʻohana ʻia ai, hoʻohana ʻia i kēia mau lā i ka embalming o kēia manawa.

Ma ke kikoʻī, mālama ʻia kahi lāʻau embalming penei:

• Hoʻomaʻemaʻe mua ʻia ke kino i mea e hōʻalo ai i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka bacteria;
• A laila aia ka huki ʻana e ka puncture o nā kinoea a me kahi ʻāpana o nā kino o ke kino e ka trocar;
• Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi injection i ka manawa like e ke ala intra-arterial o ka hopena biocidal, formalin;
• Lawe ʻia ka wicking a me ka ligature e hōʻalo ai i ke kahe, pani ʻia nā maka. Hoʻokomo ʻo Embalmingmen i ka uhi maka ma laila e uku no nā maka lau;
• A laila, ʻaʻahu ʻia ke kino, hana ʻia a hōʻike ʻia;
• I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua pau ka hana me ka hoʻopili ʻana, i ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae o ka mea i make, o kahi ʻōmole hāpana kahi e waiho ai ka mea ʻalemala i ka huahana āna i hoʻohana ai no ka mālama mālama.

ʻO ka ʻae mua mai ka meia o ke kaona o kahi o ka make a i ʻole kahi o kahi e mālama ʻia ai ka mālama ʻana e pono pūlima ʻia, e hōʻike ana i ka wahi a me ka manawa o ke komo ʻana, ka inoa a me ka helu wahi o ka embalmer a me nā wai. hoʻohana ʻia.

Hiki ke hana ʻia ʻelua mau ʻano mālama, me ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ke kino no kekahi manawa.

• ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka hōʻike, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi lumipaku hoʻolewa, i kapa ʻia he mālama maʻamau no nā kumu hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Holoi ka embalmer, hana a ʻaʻahu i ke kino a keʻakeʻa i nā ala ea. ʻO ka mālama ʻana, hana ʻia e ke anuanu, i kapa ʻia ka mālama ʻenekini. Ua kaupalena ʻia i nā hola he 48;
• Mālama ʻia ka mālama mālama ʻana i kahi pahuhopu hoʻomaʻemaʻe a nani hoʻi. Hana pū ka embalmer i ka lua, make-up, ʻaukā, ālai ʻana i nā ala ea, a eia hou, ʻimi ʻo ia i kahi wai mālama. ʻO ka hopena kahi mālamalama māmā o nā lole. ʻO kēia wai he fungicidal a me bactericidal. Ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā pūnaewele, ʻae ia i ke kino o ka mea i make e mālama ʻia i ka mahana wela a ʻeono mau lā.

ʻO nā kumu o ka mālama mālama, a mākou i ʻōlelo ai, i ka poʻe ʻAigupita, ʻaʻohe o lākou mau pahuhopu e like me nā mea i loaʻa iā mākou i kēia lā. I kēia lā, hana ka hana o ka mālama mālama ma Palani e mālama i ke kino o ka mea i make i ke kūlana maikaʻi. ʻO nā hopena o ka hana i mālama ʻia e ka embalmer e hiki ai ke hāʻawi i kahi ea o ka maluhia i ka mea i make, i ka wā e hoʻokō ʻia ai ka hana embalming ma hope o ka ʻeha o kahi maʻi lōʻihi. No laila, hāʻawi kēia mālama i ka entourage i kahi ʻoi aku ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e noʻonoʻo ai. A hoʻomaka nā ʻohana o ka mea i make i ke kaʻina kanikau ma nā kūlana maikaʻi.