Ma hope o ke kipa prenatal trimester mua e hōʻailona i ka hoʻomaka o ka hāpai hāpai ʻana, loaʻa i ka wahine hāpai ke loaʻa mai kahi kipa ma hope i kēlā me kēia mahina. ʻO ke kumu o kēia kūkā kūkā ʻana: e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē, e ʻike i nā pilikia o ka hāpai ʻana i ka wā hiki a hiki ke hōʻoia i ke olakino o ka makuahine.

Ma Palani, ʻo ka nānā ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana he 3 ultrasounds, ʻaʻole i koi ʻia akā hāʻawi ʻia i nā makuahine hāpai a ʻoi loa ka manaʻo:

• e hana ʻia kahi ultrasound aloha e kapa ʻia ma waena ma waena o 11 a me 13 WA + 6 mau lā;
• ka lua o ka mea i kapaia morphological ultrasound ma 22 pule;
• ke kolu o ka ultrasound ma 32 mau pule.

I ka wā o ke kūkākūkā prenatal, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kauka wahine a i ʻole ka pale keiki i ka hōʻike ultrasound a pono paha e kuhikuhi i nā hoʻokolohua hou a i ʻole e hoʻololi i ka hahai ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana.

Ma hope o ka ultrasound mua:

• ina ke ana o ka nuchal translucency ma ultrasound hui me ka dosage o serum markers a me ka makuahine makahiki alakai i ka pilikia o ka trisomy 21 oi ma mua o 1/250, he trophoblast biopsy a amniocentesis e kaumaha aku i ka makuahine i mea e 'hoʻokumu i karyotype;
• Inā hōʻike ka biometric dating (ana o kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka fetus) i kahi makahiki hānau ʻokoʻa i helu ʻia e like me ka wā i hala, e hoʻololi ka mea hana i ka APD (ka lā i manaʻo ʻia e hānau ai) a hoʻomaʻa i ka kalena hāpai ma muli.

Ma hope o ka lua o ka ultrasound:

• inā ʻike ʻia kahi anomaly fetal a i ʻole inā kū mau kahi kānalua, hiki i ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ke kuhikuhi i kahi ultrasound ukali a i ʻole kuhikuhi i ka makuahine i kahi kikowaena hōʻike prenatal;
• inā hōʻike ka ultrasound i kahi cervix i hoʻololi ʻia (e hōʻoia ʻia e kahi ultrasound endovaginal), hiki i ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ke hana i kekahi mau hana e pale ai i kahi hoʻoweliweli o ka lawe wawe: hoʻomaha hoʻomaha, hoʻomaha, a i ʻole ka haukapila i ka hanana o nā pāʻālua.
• Inā ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē, e kauoha ʻia kahi ultrasound ukali e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē.

Ma hope o ke kolu o ka ultrasound:

• ma muli o nā ʻano mea like ʻole o ka ultrasound (biometry a me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka pēpē, ka manaʻo o ke kaumaha o ka fetal, ke kūlana o ka placenta) a me ka hoʻokolohua lapaʻau o ka makuahine (ka pelvimetry kūloko ma o ka hoʻokolokolo vaginal e loiloi i ka morphology o ke pelvis ma ke ʻano) , hana ka gynecologist a palekeiki paha i ka wānana i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana. Inā he mea paʻakikī, pilikia a hiki ʻole paha i ka hānau ʻana ma ke kino (no ka uhi ʻana o ka placenta previa), hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi ʻāpana cesarean;
• inā i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano like ʻole o ka foeto-pelvic (pilikia ʻaʻole hiki i ka pēpē ke hele i loko o ke pelvis), e kuhikuhi ʻia ka pelvimetry e nānā i nā ana o ka pelvis makuahine;
• inā hōʻike ʻia ma ke keʻena nui, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kahi ʻano hoʻololi waho (VME);
• inā ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ka ulu ʻana o ka fetal, ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka fetal-maternal a i ʻole ka nui o ka wai amniotic, e hana ʻia kahi ultrasound follow-up.

Ma waho aʻe o nā ultrasounds ʻekolu, mahalo i ka biometrics, e ʻae i ka ulu ʻana o ka fetus e nānā ʻia, ʻo ka gynecologist a i ʻole ka palekeiki he mea maʻalahi loa e hahai i kēia ulu ʻana i nā kūkākūkā prenatal mahina: ke ana o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōpū. Aia kēia ʻano ma ke ana ʻana, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lipine humuhumu, ka mamao ma waena o ka lihi luna o ka pubic symphysis (ka iwi pubic) a me ka waihona o ka ʻōpū (ka hapa kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōpū). I ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpū e like me ka pēpē, hāʻawi kēia ana i kahi hōʻailona maikaʻi o ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē a me ka nui o ka wai amniotic. Hana ke kauka i kēia hana i kēlā me kēia kūkākūkā prenatal mai ka lā 4 o ka hāpai ʻana.

I ka wā o ke kūkā kamaʻilio ʻana, ke gynecologist a i ʻole ka pale keiki, me kahi mau nīnau, no kou olakino - kino akā psychic kekahi. Eia nō naʻe, mai hoʻokaʻulua e kaʻana like i kāu mau maʻi hāpai (nāusea, ka luaʻi, acid reflux, ʻeha hoʻi, nā maʻi hiamoe, hemorrhoids, a pēlā aku) akā me nā hopohopo a me nā hopohopo.

Ma muli o kēia nīnau, e hāʻawi ke kauka iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo maʻemaʻe a me ka meaʻai e pale aku ai i nā maʻi hāpai a, inā pono, e kuhikuhi i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i kūpono i ka hāpai ʻana.

Inā pilikia ka noʻonoʻo, hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi kūkākūkā me kahi psychologist, ma kou wahi hānau.

E noʻonoʻo ʻo ia i kou nohona - ʻai, puhi, hana a me nā kūlana halihali, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe - a hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā ʻōlelo aʻo pale e like me ia, a inā pono e hoʻonohonoho i kahi mālama kikoʻī.

I ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua lapaʻau, systematic i kēlā me kēia kūkākūkā prenatal, nānā ke kauka i nā mea like ʻole e hōʻoia i kou olakino maikaʻi:

• ka lawe ʻana i ke koko, e ʻike i ka hypertension;
• ke kaupaona ana ;
• kahi palpation o ka ʻōpū a maliʻa paha e nānā i ka ʻōpū.

Hoʻolohe pū ʻo ia i kou kūlana maʻamau a nīnau e pili ana i nā hōʻailona like ʻole: nā maʻi urinary e hōʻike ana i kahi maʻi urinary tract, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka vaginal he hōʻailona paha ia o ka maʻi vaginal, ke kuni, ke koko, etc.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, i mua o ia mau hōʻailona hōʻailona, ​​​​pono ʻoe e kūkākūkā me ka ʻole o ka kali ʻana ma waho o ka hahai ʻana i kēlā me kēia mahina.

ʻO kēia hoʻokolohua lapaʻau, pili pū me nā hoʻokolohua koʻikoʻi like ʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka wā hāpai a me nā scans ultrasound, ke manaʻo nei hoʻi e ʻike i kekahi mau pilikia fetal a me obstetric i ka wā hiki loa.

• ka maʻi diabetes gestational;
• hypertension a i ʻole pre-eclampsia;
• he keke ma mua;
• hoʻopaneʻe ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpū (IUGR);
• kahi hānau hānau mua hoʻoweliweli (PAD);
• cholestasis o ka hapai;
• Rhesus incompatibility;
• .