Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka urticaria

ʻO Urticaria kahi ʻāwīwī e hōʻike ʻia e ka makaʻu a me ke ʻano o nā ʻulaʻula i hāpai ʻia ("papules"), e like me nā ʻūlū o nā ʻūnū (ka huaʻōlelo hives mai ka Latin. urtica, ʻo ia hoʻi nettle). ʻO Urticaria kahi hōʻailona ma mua o kahi maʻi, a he nui nā kumu. ʻIke mākou:

• huʻihuʻi urticaria, i hōʻike ʻia iā ia iho i hoʻokahi a ʻoi mau hoʻi o ka hala ʻana i kekahi mau minuke i kekahi mau hola (a ʻike hou ʻia i kekahi mau lā), akā e holomua ana ma mua o 6 mau pule;
• urticaria maʻi mau, ka hopena i nā hōʻeha i kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole, e holomua ana ma mua o 6 mau pule.

Ke piʻi hou ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana akā ʻaʻole hoʻomau, kapa ʻia ka urticaria relapsing.

Hōʻailona nā hōʻailona o ka hives

ʻO ka urticaria ka hopena o:

• hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia nā papules, e like me ka nettle stinging, ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha, ʻokoʻa ka nui (he mau millimeters a he mau kenimika), ʻike pinepine ʻia ma nā lima, nā wāwae a i ʻole ke kumu;
• ʻili (pruritus), i kekahi manawa ikaika loa;
• i kekahi mau hihia, ka pehu a i ʻole ka edema (angioedema), ka hapa nui o ka maka a i ʻole nā ​​ʻaoʻao.

ʻO ka maʻamau, he lele wale nā ​​hives (hope loa mai kekahi mau minuke i kekahi mau hola) a hele aku iā lākou iho me ka waiho ʻole i nā scars. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā leona ʻē aʻe ke lawe aʻe a hiki i ka hoʻouka ke hoʻomau no kekahi mau lā.

I kekahi mau hihia, pili nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe:

• ke kuni haahaa;
• ʻeha o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia digestive;
• ʻōpū paʻa.

Kanaka pilikia

Hiki i kēlā me kēia mea ke maʻalahi i ka hives, akā hiki i kekahi mau kumu a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ke hoʻonui ʻia.

• ke kāne wahine (pili pinepine nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne3);
• nā kumu kūlohelohe: i kekahi mau hihia, ʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona i nā pēpē a i ʻole nā ​​keiki ʻōpio, a aia kekahi mau hihia o ka urticaria i loko o ka ʻohana (urticaria anu familial, Mückle a me Wells syndrome);
• ke koko (abnormalities)
• kekahi mau maʻi ʻōnaehana (e like me ka autoimmune thyroiditis, connectivitis, lupus, lymphoma). Ma kahi o 1% o ka urticaria mau e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻōnaehana: aia kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe5.

Nā mea pilikino

Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonāukiuki a i ʻole e hōʻino i ka hopu ʻana (e nānā i nā kumu). ʻO nā mea maʻamau ʻo:

• ke lawe nei i kekahi mau lāʻau;
• ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā meaʻai i waiwai i ka histamine a i ʻole histamino-liberators;
• kū i ke anu a i ʻole ka wela.

ʻO wai ka mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā hoʻouka hives?

Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i kekahi. Ua koho ʻia aia ma kahi o 20% o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka urticaria huʻupuʻu ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i ko lākou wā e ola ana, me nā wahine i hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ma mua o nā kāne.

I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻoi aku ka urticaria maʻi. Pili ia 1 a 5% o ka heluna kānaka¹.

I nā manawa he nui, pili ka poʻe me ka urticaria maʻi mau i nā makahiki he nui. Ua hoʻololi ʻia he 65% o ka urticaria maʻi mau e hoʻomau ma mua o 12 mau mahina, a 40% mau no 10 mau makahiki.².

Nā kumu o ka maʻi

Kūpilikiʻi a ʻano hoʻomaopopo ʻole ʻia nā ʻano hana e pili ana i ka urticaria. ʻOiai ʻo ka hōʻeha ʻana o nā hives huʻi ma muli o ke alapiʻi, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hives maʻi ʻaʻohe maʻi maʻi i ke kumu.

Kāhea ʻia kekahi o nā pūnaewele i nā mast mast, kahi mea i loko o ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea, e pili ana i ka urticaria mau. I ka poʻe i hoʻopilikia ʻia, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a me ka hoʻowalewale o nā pūnaewele mast, ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka histamine³, nā hopena hōʻeha kūpono ʻole.

ʻO nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka urticaria

Urticaria huehue

ʻOiai ʻaʻole maopopo maikaʻi nā ʻano hana, ʻike ʻia hiki i nā kumu kaiapuni ke hōʻino a hoʻonāukiuki paha i nā hives.

Ma aneane 75% o nā hihia, hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ka hōʻeha urticaria e nā kumu kikoʻī:

• hoʻonāukiuki kahi lāʻau i ka hopu ʻana ma 30 a 50% o nā hihia. ʻO kahi lāʻau wale nō ke kumu. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i lāʻau antibiotic, anesthetic, aspirin, kahi lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal, kahi lāʻau e mālama ai i ke koko kiʻekiʻe, kahi ʻano hoʻohālikelike iodined, morphine, codeine, a pēlā aku.
• kahi meaʻai i waiwai i ka histamine (ka tī, nā iʻa kēʻa, sausage, nā puhi puhi, nā ʻōmato, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a i kapa ʻia ʻo "histamine-liberating" (strawberries, maia, pineapples, nati, kokoleka, ʻalekoke, hua keʻokeʻo, ʻoki anuanu, iʻa, ʻāpala …);
• pili me kekahi mau huahana (latex, cosmetics, no ka laʻana) a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea kanu / holoholona;
• ku i ke anu;
• kū i ka lā a i ʻole ka wela;
• kaomi a i ʻole ka hakina o ka ʻili;
• he nahu ʻāpala;
• maʻi kīnā (Helicobacter pylori maʻi, hepatitis B, etc.). ʻAʻole i hoʻokūpaʻa maikaʻi ʻia ka loulou, akā naʻe, a ua kūʻē nā aʻo ʻana;
• kaumaha kaumaha;
• hoʻoikaika kino ikaika.

Urticaria ʻeha

Hiki ke hoʻomaka ʻia kekahi urticaria maʻi e kekahi o nā kumu i helu ʻia ma luna, akā ma kahi o 70% o nā hihia, ʻaʻohe kumu kumu i loaʻa. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo idiopathic urticaria.

Ka papa a me nā pilikia kūpono

He kūlana maikaʻi ʻo Urticaria, akā hiki iā ia ke hopena i ka maikaʻi o ke ola, keu hoʻi he wā mau.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka hopohopo o kekahi ʻano o ka urticaria ma mua o kekahi. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i ka hives ke lilo i papaha a hohonu paha. I ka lua o nā hihia, aia ka pehu ʻeha (edemas) o ka ʻili a i ʻole nā ​​membrane mucous, e ʻike nui ʻia ma ka maka (angioedema), nā lima a me nā wāwae.

Inā pili kēia edema i ka larynx (angioedema), hoʻoweliweli paha ke ola i ka wānana no ka mea he paʻakikī a hiki ʻole paha ka hanu. Mea pōmaikaʻi, kākaʻikahi kēia hihia.

Ka manaʻo o kā mākou kauka

Ma ke ʻano he ʻano kūpono, hoʻokipa aku ʻo Passeportsanté.net iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka manaʻo o kahi ʻoihana olakino. Hāʻawi ʻo Dr Jacques Allard iā ʻoe i kona manaʻo ma kahives :