Hoʻopau ʻia e like me ke kulu o nā laina koko ʻekolu, nā ʻulaʻula o ke koko, nā aʻa koko keʻokeʻo a me nā platelet, ʻo pancytopenia kekahi mau kumu e pono ai e hoʻokolokolo. ʻO nā hopena e pili ana i ke olakino koʻikoʻi me ka hiki ke loaʻa i kahi anemia, nā maʻi a me ke kahe.

ʻO ia ma ka wehewehe etymological kahi deficit o nā hunaola āpau i loaʻa i ke koko. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻekolu mau lālani o nā hunaola e pili.

• ʻulaʻula koko;
• nā keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo;
• platelet. 

ʻO kekahi o nā hana o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula e lawe i ka oxygen i loko o ke koko, a pili nā ʻula koko keʻokeʻo i ka pale maʻi physiological e hakakā i nā maʻi. ʻO nā pāpale he mau huna liʻiliʻi e pili ana a pili pū i nā kaʻina hana pili koko a me ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka ʻeha.

Ke hoʻemi ʻia kēia mau mea kelepona i ka helu, ʻike ʻia kekahi mau mea pilikia e like me ka anemia (hoʻemi i ka hemoglobin e halihali ana i ka oxygen i loko o ke koko), kahi maʻi ma muli o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o nā pale pale pale a me nā keʻokeʻo koko (leukopenia), a me nā hanana hemorrhagic ma muli o ka hoʻemi ʻia o ka helu o nā platelet i ke koko (thrombositopenia).

Nui nā kumu. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohui:

• kahi o kēia mau pūnaewele e hana ʻia ai (iwi o ka iwi) nona ka hana i hoʻemi ʻia a i ʻole hoʻohaunaele ʻia.
• nā kumu peripheral e like me ka maʻi (HIV a i ʻole AIDS e laʻa me);
• Vit B12 hemahema (pernicious anemia);
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ke koko a me nā lymph node (leukemia a i ʻole lymphoma) kahi e hoʻonui ʻia ai nā hunaola keokeo ma ke kumu kūʻai o nā hunaola keokeo a me nā platelets);
• kahi hana hewa ʻole o ka spleen (hypersplenism) hoʻonui a hana hou ʻole i kāna hana o ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola keʻokeʻo a me nā platelet;
• ʻona ʻona (kekahi mau antibiotic, colchicine, chemotherapy, phenylbutazone a i ʻole nā ​​kemika (benzene, insecticides, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) i hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka iwi iwi;
• ʻelemakule ʻelemakule o ka momona o ka iwi i hana hou ʻole i nā huna koko (myelodysplasia).

I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole loaʻa ke kumu.

Pili nā ʻōuli o ka pancytopenia i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka nui o nā ʻulaʻula a me nā keʻokeʻo a me nā pā. 

ʻO ka anemia e pili ana i kēia hoʻoliʻiliʻi o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula e hōʻike ʻia e pallor, ka luhi nui ma muli o ka nele o ka lako oxygen i nā aʻa o ke kino.

ʻO ka hemahema o nā hunaola keʻokeʻo e alakaʻi i nā maʻi like ʻole e paʻakikī e mālama a hoʻōla. ʻO ka hope loa, ʻo ka nele o nā platelet ke kumu o nā haemorrhages like ʻole, mai nā gums, i ka mimi, i nā pahu, i kekahi manawa i ka lolo (hematoma cranial) hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e like me ke kū ʻana o nā lymph node, kahi ʻāpala nui, hōʻoluʻolu ʻole me ke kulu o ke kahe koko, nā ʻōuli e pili pū me nā kumu o ka pancytopenia.

ʻIke e ka hōʻoia koko

Kuhi ʻia ka pancytopenia e kahi hōʻike koko e nānā ana i ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo a me nā platelet (Blood Formula Count a i ʻole CBC), ke kū pū kekahi o nā pūnaewele i loko o ke koko e like me nā hunaola nui (puhi) a i ʻole nā huna koko. nā hunaola kō ʻole (erythroblasts ...).

Nā helu maʻamau i kahi NFS:

• Nā hunaola ʻulaʻula (erythrocytes): ma waena o 4 a me 6 miliona;
• Nā hunaola keʻokeʻo (leukosit): ma waena o 4000 a me 10;
• Nā Pālākiō: ma waena o 150 a me 000.

E loli paha kēia mau helu ma muli o ka hana kālailai i hoʻohana ʻia.

Ana ʻia ka Anemia e ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hemoglobin i ke koko (ma lalo o 11g / l ma ka awelika), pili pinepine ʻia me kahi kulu o ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

I ka pancytopenia, ʻoi aku ka helu o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula ma mua o ka awelika, a ʻo nā hunaola keʻokeʻo pū kekahi (neutrophils), koe wale nō ma nā hihia o ka leukemia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe loa, haʻahaʻa ka helu o nā platelet, ma lalo o 150. (thrombositopenia), i kekahi manawa e hele ana ma lalo o 000 platelet i ka milliliter o ke koko.

ʻIkioma e myelogram 

Hana ʻia kekahi hōʻike hou e maopopo ai ke kumu o ka pancytopenia: ka myelogram.

Hiki iā ia ke hōʻoia i kahi kānalua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai koko, e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o kahi anemia koʻikoʻi, o kahi thrombositopenia ... Hana ʻia kēia hoʻokolokolo ma ka haukapila, ma ka pae o ka waena o ka hīnaʻi (sternum), i ka hoʻohana ʻana. he syringe, ma lalo o ka anesthesia kūloko.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka pancytopenia ke kumu a me nā hopena. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoponopono i ka anemia e nā transfusions o ke koko, o kahi hemorrhage e nā platelet, ke kaomi ʻana i kahi maʻi e ke kuhikuhi o nā antibiotic (antibiotic therapy).

Inā loaʻa ka leukemia a i ʻole ka lymphoma, e nānā ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau maʻi ʻaʻai o ke koko a me nā pūnana lymph. Inā ʻo ia ka ʻōpala e holo pono ʻole ana, hemo pinepine ia e hoʻopau i nā hopena o kēia hana.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea ʻawaʻawa e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea kemika e alakaʻi i nā lāʻau kūpono e like me ka hoʻōki koke ʻana o ka lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻawaʻawa i hoʻopiʻi ʻia, a me ka mālama ʻana i ko lākou hopena.

ʻO ka hope loa, inā he microbes a i ʻole nā ​​virus e pili ana, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau maʻi microbial a viral paha e hoʻokō ʻia.