ʻO ka haki he ʻehaʻeha ma muli o ka haki ʻana o kahi nui a i ʻole liʻiliʻi o nā mākala nāʻiʻo (nā pūnaewele i hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia i loko o nā mākala). He lua ia i ka hana o ka ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka ʻenekini hiki ke kū a hele pū ʻia me ka hemorrhage kūloko (kahi e hana ai i ka hematoma).

ʻO ka huaʻōlelo “breakdown” e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia; he ʻāpana ia o ka empirical clinical classification kahi a mākou e ʻike ai i ka curvature, contracture, elongation, kanana a me ka waimaka a haki paha. Mai kēia manawa, hoʻohana nā loea i kahi hoʻohālikelike ʻē aʻe, ʻo Rodineau lāua ʻo Durey (1990)¹. ʻAe kēia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o ʻehā mau pae o ka leona ʻeleʻele o ke kumu maoli, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia me ka hanana ʻole a me ka ukali ʻole ʻana i kahi hahau a i ʻole kahi ʻoki. Kūlike ka breakdown i ka pae III a ʻano like me ka haehae ʻana i nāʻiʻo.