E pili ana i ka waiū

Ryan Andrews

ʻO ka waiū, he huahana olakino maoli nō?

Hoʻomaka ka poʻe e hoʻohana i ka waiū ma ke ʻano he meaʻai ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki i hala. ʻOiai ʻo nā holoholona a ka poʻe e inu ai i ka waiu he bipi, kao, hipa, lio, bufalo, yaks, hoki, a me nā kāmelo, ʻo ka waiū bipi kekahi o nā ʻano wai momona momona a kaulana.

ʻAʻole i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiū o nā mea ʻaihue i ka nui, no ka mea, hoʻopau nā carnivores i ka waiū me kahi ʻono maikaʻi ʻole.

Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka paʻakai e nā poʻe Arab e hele ana ma ka wao nahele i ka wā Neolithic me ka waiū i loko o kahi ʻeke i hana ʻia mai ka ʻōpū o kahi holoholona.

Holo wikiwiki i ka makahiki 1800 a me 1900 i ka wā i loli ai ko mākou pilina me nā bipi waiu. Ua piʻi aʻe ka heluna kanaka a ua maopopo ke koʻikoʻi o ka calcium a me ka phosphorus no ke olakino iwi.

Ua lilo ka waiū i kumuhana o nā hoʻolaha hoʻonaʻauao lehulehu, ua hōʻike nā kauka iā ia he kumu waiwai o nā minerala. Ua kapa ʻia nā kauka i ka waiū he "mea nui" o ka ʻai a ke keiki.

Ua pane ka ʻoihana i ka noi, a ua hoʻomaka ka waiū mai nā bipi i hānai ʻia i loko o nā hale paʻa paʻa a me ka lepo. Nui nā bipi, nui ka lepo a me nā wahi liʻiliʻi nā bipi maʻi. Ua hoʻomaka ka maʻi maʻi e hele pū me kahi ʻano hou o ka hana waiū pono ʻole. Ke ho'āʻo nei ka poʻe mahiʻai waiu e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka waiū a hoʻāʻo pū i nā bipi no nā maʻi like ʻole, akā mau nā pilikia; No laila, lilo ka pasteurization i mea maʻamau ma hope o 1900.

No ke aha he mea nui ka hana ʻana i ka waiū?

Hiki ke lawe ʻia ka bacteria a me nā maʻi mai nā holoholona i ke kanaka. ʻO ka Pasteurization ʻo ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i ka waiū i nā mahana ʻaʻole hiki i nā microorganism ke ʻae.

Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka pasteurization.

1920s: 145 degere Fahrenheit no 35 minuke, 1930s: 161 degere Fahrenheit no 15 kekona, 1970s: 280 degere Fahrenheit no 2 kekona.

He aha kāu e ʻike ai e pili ana i ka hana waiū i kēia lā

Hāpai nā bipi i nā keiki bipi no ʻeiwa mahina a hāʻawi i ka waiū i ka wā i hānau hou ai lākou, e like me nā kānaka. I ka wā ma mua, ua ʻae ka poʻe mahiʻai waiu i nā bipi e hahai i ke kaʻina hānau hānau o ke kau, a ua hui pū ʻia ka hānau keiki bipi me ka mauʻu puna hou.

No laila, hiki i ka makuahine hānai manuahi ke hoʻopiha i kāna mau meaʻai. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana i nā bipi no ka mea hāʻawi ia i ka mauʻu hou, ka ea hou, a me ka hoʻoikaika kino. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ʻo ka hana ʻoihana e pili ana i ka hānai ʻana i ka palaoa i nā bipi. ʻO ka nui o nā kīʻaha, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waikawa i ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka acidosis e alakaʻi i nā ʻeha, nā maʻi me nā maʻi bacteria a me nā kaʻina inflammatory. Kau ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic e uku i kēia mau hana.

Hoʻokomo nā mea hana waiu i kēia lā i nā bipi i kekahi mau mahina ma hope o ka hānau mua ʻana, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa ma waena o ka hāpai ʻana. Ke hāʻawi ka bipi i ka waiū no hoʻokahi makahiki ʻoi aku, pau ko lākou ʻōnaehana pale a me ka maikaʻi o ka waiū. ʻAʻole wale kēia ʻoluʻolu no ka bipi, hoʻonui ia i ka ʻike estrogen o ka waiū.

Hiki i nā estrogens ke hoʻoulu i ka uluʻana o nā maʻi koko. Ua hoʻopili ka noiʻi ʻana i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala aku nei i ka waiū bipi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka prostate, ka umauma, a me nā maʻi maʻi ovarian. Ua loaʻa i kahi noiʻi hou e nā ʻepekema mai ka National Cancer Institute he 15 estrogens i ka waiū mai nā hale kūʻai: estrone, estradiol, a me 13 metabolic derivatives o kēia mau wahine wahine.

Hiki i nā Estrogens ke hoʻoulu i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi he nui, ʻoiai ma nā ʻano liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Ma keʻano laulā, loaʻa i ka waiū skim ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā estrogens manuahi. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa ka hydroxyestrone, kekahi o nā metabolites weliweli loa. Aia kekahi mau hormones sex i ka waiū - "kāne" androgens a me ka insulin-like growth factor. Ua hoʻopili ʻia nā haʻawina he nui i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o kēia mau pūhui i ka maʻi kanesa.  

ola bipi

ʻO ka nui o ka hāpai ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā keiki bipi. Wehe ʻia nā keiki bipi i loko o 24 mau hola o ka hānau ʻana ma ka hapa nui o nā mahiʻai. No ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā bipi e hana i ka waiū, hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hana i ka pipi. ʻO ka ʻoihana ʻiʻo kahi huahana o ka ʻoihana waiu. Ua pani ʻia nā bipi wahine e ko lākou mau makuahine a laila hoʻouna ʻia e pepehi.

Ua emi iho ka nui o na bipi waiu ma ka US mai 18 miliona a 9 miliona ma waena o 1960 a me 2005. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka waiū mai 120 biliona paona a i 177 biliona paona ma ka manawa like. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hoʻolālā hoʻonui wikiwiki a me ke kōkua lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka manaʻolana ola o nā bipi he 20 mau makahiki, akā ma hope o 3-4 mau makahiki o ka hana, hele lākou i ka hale pepehi. ʻO ka ʻiʻo pipi ka pipi makaʻu loa.

Nā ʻano hoʻohana waiu

ʻAʻole i inu ka poʻe ʻAmelika i ka waiū liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka wā ma mua, a makemake pū lākou i ka waiū momona liʻiliʻi, akā ʻai i ka tilika a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā huahana waiu maloʻo (ice cream). 1909 34 galani waiu no kēlā me kēia kanaka (27 galani waiu maʻamau a me 7 galani waiu hoʻomaʻemaʻe) 4 paona tīhi no kēlā me kēia kanaka 2 paona hua waiu maloʻo i kēlā me kēia kanaka.

2001 23 galani waiu no kēlā me kēia kanaka (8 galani waiu maʻamau a me 15 mau galani waiu hoʻomaʻemaʻe) 30 paona tīhi i kēlā me kēia kanaka 28 paona hua waiu maloʻo i kēlā me kēia kanaka.

He aha kāu e ʻike ai e pili ana i ka waiū organik

Ke hoʻonui nei ke kūʻai ʻana o nā huahana waiu organik e 20-25% i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui ka "organic" ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā ʻano he nui. Ma ke ano, he oiaio keia. ʻOiai pono e hānai ʻia nā bipi kūlohelohe wale nō, ʻaʻole pono nā mahiʻai e hānai i nā bipi hānai mauʻu.

ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā hormones i nā bipi organik. Ua pāpā ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hormone ulu no ka mahiʻai organik. Hoʻonui ka Hormones i ka ulu ʻana o ka mastitis, hoʻemi i ke ola o nā bipi, a hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa i loko o ke kanaka. Akā, ʻaʻole like ka waiū kūlohelohe me nā kūlana ola olakino no nā bipi waiu a i ʻole ka mālama kanaka.

Hoʻohana ka poʻe mahiʻai waiu a me nā mea mahiʻai maʻamau i nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano ulu, me nā ʻano hana hānai holoholona like. Hoʻohana ʻia ka waiū organik e like me ka waiū maʻamau.

He aha kāu e ʻike ai e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka waiū

ʻO ka waiū bipi he 87% wai a me 13% paʻa, me nā minela (e like me ka calcium a me ka phosphorus), lactose, nā momona, a me nā protein whey (e like me ka casein). Pono ka paʻa ʻana me nā huaora A a me D no ka mea he haʻahaʻa nā pae kūlohelohe.

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Casomorphins mai ka casein, kekahi o nā protein i ka waiū. Loaʻa iā lākou nā opioids - morphine, oxycodone a me endorphins. Hoʻohui kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻemi i ka motility ʻōpū.

ʻO ka habituation ka manaʻo mai kahi manaʻo evolutionary, pono ka waiū no ka meaʻai pēpē, hoʻomaha a hoʻopaʻa i ka makuahine. ʻO nā Casomorphins i loko o ka waiū kanaka he 10 mau manawa nāwaliwali ma mua o nā mea i loaʻa i ka waiū bipi.

He aha kāu e ʻike ai e pili ana i nā hopena olakino o ka waiū

ʻAi ka hapa nui o mākou i ka waiū makuahine ma hope o ka hānau ʻana a laila hoʻololi i ka waiū bipi. Ke emi nei ka hiki ke hoʻokahe i ka lactose ma kahi o ʻehā makahiki.

Ke komo ka nui o ka waiū hou i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, komo ka lactose ʻaʻole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻopuka ʻo ia i ka wai, hoʻopuka i ka pehu a me ka maʻi maʻi.

ʻO nā kānaka wale nō nā holoholona i manaʻo e hoʻohana i ka waiū mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. He pōʻino kēia no nā keiki hānau hou no ka mea ʻaʻole kūpono ka haku ʻana o nā ʻano waiū ʻē aʻe i ko lākou pono.

ʻO ka hui kemika o nā ʻano waiu like ʻole

ʻOiai ua haʻi ʻia mai iā mākou he maikaʻi ka inu waiu no ke olakino iwi, ʻokoʻa ka ʻōlelo a nā hōʻike ʻepekema.

ka waiū a me ka calcium

Ma nā wahi he nui o ka honua, ʻo ka waiū bipi ka hapa nui o ka meaʻai, akā he kakaikahi nā maʻi pili i ka calcium (e laʻa, osteoporosis, haʻihaʻi). ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hōʻike nā hōʻike ʻepekema e hoʻonui maoli nā huahana waiu nui i ka calcium i ka leaching o ka calcium mai ke kino.

ʻO ka nui o ka calcium i loaʻa iā mākou mai ka meaʻai ʻaʻole ia he mea nui, akā, ʻo ka mea nui ka nui o kā mākou mālama ʻana i ke kino. ʻO ka poʻe e ʻai ana i ka nui o nā meaʻai waiu i loaʻa kekahi o nā helu kiʻekiʻe loa o ka osteoporosis a me ka haʻi ʻūhā i ka wā ʻelemakule.

ʻOiai ka waiwai o ka waiū bipi i kekahi mau meaʻai, paʻakikī ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa he olakino ia.

ʻO ka waiū a me nā maʻi mau loa

Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻai ʻana i ka waiu i ka maʻi cardiovascular, type 1 diabetes, Parkinson's maʻi, a me ke kanesa. Hiki i ka meaʻai ke hoʻololi i ka hōʻike o nā genes e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO Casein, he pūmua i loaʻa i ka waiū bipi, ua hoʻopili ʻia i nā ʻano maʻi maʻi like ʻole, e like me ka lymphoma, ka maʻi maʻi thyroid, ka maʻi prostate, a me ka maʻi maʻi ovarian.

He aha kāu e ʻike ai e pili ana i ka waiū a me ke kaiapuni

ʻAi nui nā bipi waiu i ka meaʻai, hana i ka ʻōpala nui a hoʻokuʻu i ka methane. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma ke awāwa ʻo San Joaquin o Kaleponi, ʻoi aku ka haumia o nā bipi ma mua o nā kaʻa.

mahiʻai mau

Pono ka 14 calories o ka ikehu wahie mōʻalihaʻi no ka hana ʻana i 1 kaloli o ka protein waiū

mahiʻai meaola

Pono ka 10 calories o ka ikehu wahie mōʻalihaʻi no ka hana ʻana i 1 kaloli o ka protein waiū

Waiū soya

Pono ka 1 kaloli o ka ikehu wahie fossil no ka hana ʻana i 1 kaloli o ka protein soy organik (waiu soy)

ʻO ka poʻe i inu ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua kīʻaha waiu i ka lā, ʻekolu mau manawa o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lymphoma ma mua o ka poʻe e inu ana ma lalo o hoʻokahi aniani i ka lā.

Aia iā ʻoe ke inu waiu.