ʻO Marie Curie lāua ʻo Eleanor Roosevelt, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua loaʻa i kēia maʻi koʻikoʻi a loaʻa ʻole. Aplastic – a i ʻole aplastic – hiki mai ka anemia ke hoʻohua ʻole ka iwi iwi i nā pūnaewele koko hematopoietic. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ia ke kumu o nā mea koko a pau, ʻo ia nā ʻano ʻekolu: ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a me nā platelets.

No laila ke kumu o ka anemia aplastic i ʻekolu ʻano o nā hōʻailona. ʻO ka mea mua, nā mea maʻamau i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka anemia: ʻo nā hōʻailona paha o ka hemahema o nā keʻena koko ʻulaʻula - a no laila o ka lawe ʻana i ka oxygen. A laila, nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka nele o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo (pilikia i nā maʻi), a me ka hope, ka nele o nā platelets koko (maʻi coagulation).

He ano kakaikahi loa ia o ka anemia. Ma muli o ka hihia, loaʻa a hoʻoili ʻia ma ka genetically. Hiki ke ʻike koke ʻia kēia maʻi a lōʻihi ka manawa pōkole a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka anemia aplastic. Eia naʻe, inā ʻaʻole e mālama koke ʻia, e ʻoi aku ka ʻino a hiki i ka make. ʻO ka poʻe maʻi i mālama maikaʻi ʻia e ulu aʻe i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe ma hope aku, me ka maʻi kanesa.

Hiki ke loaʻa kēia maʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki a pili i nā kāne a me nā wahine (akā ʻoi aku ka maʻamau i nā kāne). Me he mea lā ua ʻoi aku ka maʻamau ma Asia ma mua o ʻAmelika a i ʻEulopa.

Nā kumu

Ma 70% a 80% o nā hihia⁶, ʻaʻohe kumu ʻike o ka maʻi. A laila ua ʻōlelo ʻia he anemia aplastic mua a idiopathic paha. Inā ʻaʻole, eia nā kumu i hiki ke kumu o kona hanana ʻana:

– Hepatitis (5%)

– Nā lāʻau lapaʻau (6%)

• Sels d'or
• Sulfamidés
• chloramphenicol
• Nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory non-steroidal
• Nā lāʻau anti thyroid (hoʻohana ʻia i ka hyperthyroidism)
• Nā Phenothiazine
• Penicillamine
• ʻO Allopurinol

- ʻO nā mea ʻawaʻawa (3%)

• ʻo Benzene
• Canthaxanthine

- ʻElima maʻi - "wāwae-lima-waha" (parvovirus B15)

– Hāpai (1%)

- Nā hihia ʻē aʻe

He mea nui e hoʻokaʻawale i ka anemia plastic mai nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻokoʻa kēia maʻi mai nā anemia i loaʻa i kekahi mau maʻi maʻi a me kā lākou mālama ʻana.

Aia kekahi ʻano hoʻoilina o ka anemia aplastic i kapa ʻia ʻo "Anconi anemia". Ma waho aʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka anemia aplastic, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ka poʻe me kēia maʻi kakaʻikahi ma mua o ka awelika a loaʻa nā maʻi kīnā like ʻole. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻike ʻia lākou ma mua o ka makahiki 12 a ʻaʻole nui ka poʻe i hiki i ka wā makua.

• ʻO nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi pae haʻahaʻa o nā keʻena koko ʻulaʻula: ʻeleʻele ka ʻili, ka luhi, ka nāwaliwali, ka dizziness, ka puʻuwai wikiwiki.
• ʻO nā mea i pili i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo: hoʻonui i ka maʻi i nā maʻi.
• ʻO nā mea pili i kahi pae haʻahaʻa o nā platelets koko: ʻili maʻalahi i ka ʻeha, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko mai ka ʻāʻī, ka ihu, ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana ʻōpū.

• Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia maʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā keiki, nā pākeke ma kahi o 30 mau makahiki a me nā kānaka ma luna o 60.
• Aia paha kahi predisposition genetic e like me ka hihia o Fanconi anemia.

ʻO ka anemia aplastic he maʻi kakaʻikahi. ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa i nā kumu like ʻole o ka maʻi (e ʻike i nā kumu ma luna) e hoʻonui i ko lākou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, i nā pae like ʻole.

- ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau mea ʻawaʻawa a i ʻole radiation.

- Hoʻohana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

– Kekahi mau kūlana kino: nā maʻi (leukemia, lupus), nā maʻi (hepatitis A, B, a me C, infectious mononucleosis, dengue), hapai (kakaʻikahi loa).

ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka loaʻa ʻana i nā mea ʻawaʻawa a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei he mea mālama pono i nā manawa āpau - ʻaʻole wale e pale i ka anemia aplastic. Eia naʻe, i ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hope. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ke ʻike mākou i ke kumu o ka anemia, hiki ke pale i kona hoʻi hou ʻana ma ka pale ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana i kekahi a i ʻole kekahi o kēia mau kumu inā pili lākou:

- nā huahana ʻona;

- nā lāʻau lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe;

- nā radiations.

Inā loaʻa ka anemia aplastic ma muli o ka maʻi hepaʻa, he nīnau ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hana i ʻōlelo ʻia e pale aku i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka maʻi hepatitis. E ʻike i ka pepa Hepatitis.

I ka anemia aplastic koʻikoʻi, kuhikuhi ke kauka i nā lāʻau antibiotic e pale i nā maʻi bacteria.

He kakaikahi ka maʻi a he nui kona kūlana no ka pilikia. E hāʻawi ʻia ka mālama ʻana e ke kauka loea i ke kula, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa me kahi hui multidisciplinary a ma kahi kikowaena ultra-specialized.

• ʻO ka mea mua, pono e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kumu o ka anemia.
• Pono nā lāʻau antibiotic no ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i kekahi maʻi.
• ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā anti-thymocyte globulins no 5 mau lā, cortisone a me cyclosporin hiki ke hoʻoulu i ke kala ʻana o ka maʻi.⁷.

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā anti-thymocyte globulins no nā lā 5, cortisone a me cyclosporine hiki i kekahi mau hihia ke hoʻoulu i ke kala ʻana o ka maʻi.

ʻO ka mālama kūikawā. No nā poʻe me ka anemia aplastic, pono kekahi mau mea e mālama ai i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā:

- Mālama iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi. He mea nui e holoi pinepine i kou mau lima me ke kopa antiseptic a pale aku i ka launa pū ʻana me ka poʻe maʻi.

– E kahi me ka pahi pahi uila ma mua o ka maka e pale aku i ka ʻoki. Ma muli o ka pili ʻana o ka anemia aplastic me kahi pae haʻahaʻa o nā platelets koko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a pono e pale ʻia ke kahe koko e like me ka hiki.

- E makemake i nā pulupulu niho me nā bristles palupalu.

- Mai hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā haʻuki pili. No nā kumu like e like me nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, pono e pale aku i kekahi manawa o ke kahe koko, a no laila o ka ʻeha.

- E hōʻalo hoʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā hana koʻikoʻi. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa māmā hiki ke hana i ka luhi. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, inā loaʻa ka anemia lōʻihi, he mea nui e mālama i ka puʻuwai. Pono e hana hou kēia ma muli o ka nele o ka lawe ʻana i ka oxygen e pili ana me ka anemia.

Ma ke ʻano o kāna ala kūpono, kono ʻo Passeportsanté.net iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka manaʻo o kahi loea olakino. Hāʻawi ʻo Dr Dominic Larose, ke kauka pilikia, i kona manaʻo anemia aplastic :

ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau i lilo i kumuhana o nā noiʻi koʻikoʻi i ka hihia o ka anemia aplastic.

Wahi a ka Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā huaora hoonui i ka mai a keakea i ka hana. Eia naʻe, paipai ʻo ia i kahi ʻAiʻoluʻu olakino e hoʻonui i ke koko.¹

He mea pono no hoi ke komo pu a hui kākoʻo.

Kanaka

Aplastic Anemia a me Myelodysplasia Association o Kanada

Hāʻawi kēia pūnaewele i ke kākoʻo a me ka ʻike i nā maʻi a me nā ʻohana. Ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania wale nō.

www.tākolea.ca

ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa

ʻO Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation

ʻO kēia pūnaewele ʻAmelika me kahi ʻoihana honua he lehulehu a pono e hoʻokomo koke i kahi ʻāpana ma ka ʻōlelo Palani.

www.aplastic.org

ʻO Fanconi Anemia Research Fund, Inc

Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia pūnaewele Pelekane no ka poʻe me Fanconi anemia a me ko lākou ʻohana. Ma keʻano kūikawā, hāʻawi ia i ke komo i kahi puke PDF i kapa ʻia ʻo "Anemia Fanconi: he Handbook for Families and Their Physicians".

www.kaleana.org