ʻO Aspergillosis kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka fungus o ka genus Aspergillus. Kū pinepine kēia ʻano maʻi i nā akemāmā, a ma ka hapa nui i nā poʻe palupalu a / a i ʻole nā ​​kānaka immunocompromised. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau antifungal kaukaʻi ʻia i ka hihia.

Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka aspergillosis

ʻO Aspergillosis kahi manawa olakino e hui pū i nā maʻi āpau i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā fungi o ka genus Aspergillus. Pili lākou i ka inhalation o nā spores o kēia fungi (ʻo ia nā ʻano ʻano o nā hua fungi). ʻO ia ke kumu o ka aspergillosis i hana nui ʻia i ka hanu hanu, a ma nā akemāmā hoʻi.

Kumu o aspergillosis

ʻO Aspergillosis kahi maʻi me ka fungus o ka genus Aspergillus. Ma 80% o nā hihia, pili ia i ka laha Aspergillus fumigatus. Nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, e komo pū ana a. Naigera, A. nidulans, A. flavus, a me A. versicolor, hiki i ke kumu o ka aspergillosis.

Nā ʻano dʻaspergilloses

Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o aspergillosis:

• Allperic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ʻo ia ka hopena hypersensitivity i nā ʻano Aspergillus, ke ʻano nui ʻia i nā asthmatics a me nā poʻe me ka fibrosis cystic;
• aspergilloma, kahi aspergillosis pulmonary e hopena ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi pōpō fungal i loko o ka hakahaka a me ka mea e ukali ana i kahi maʻi ma mua e like me tuberculosis a i ʻole sarcoidosis;
• aspergillary sinusitis i mea he laha ole ke ano o ka aspergillosis i loko o nā sinus;
• invasive aspergillosis ke maʻi me Aspergillus fumigatus hoʻonui ʻia mai ke kahawai hanu i nā mea ʻē aʻe (lolo, puʻuwai, ate, nā konāhua, a pēlā aku) ma o ke kahe o ke koko.

Kānāwai o aspergillosis

Hoʻokumu ʻia ia i kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia e nā hoʻokolohua hohonu:

• Nānā i kahi hāpana olaola mai ka wahi i ʻike ʻia e ʻike ai i ka ʻeha fungal;
• kahi x-ray a i ʻole CT scan o ka wahi i loaʻa i ka maʻi.

Nā kānaka e loli ʻia e aspergillosis

I ka hapa nui o nā hihia, hiki i ke kino ke hakakā i nā ʻano o Aspergillus a pale i ka aspergillosis. Kū wale kēia maʻi inā hoʻololi ʻia nā membrane mucous a i ʻole inā nāwaliwali ka ʻōnaehana pale.

ʻOi aku ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka aspergillosis ma nā hihia aʻe:

• hānō;
• cystic fibrosis;
• moʻolelo o ka maʻi puʻupuʻu a i ʻole sarcoidosis;
• transplantation organ, me kahi hoʻoneʻe iwi o ka iwi;
• mālama maʻi ʻaʻai;
• kiʻekiʻe mahele lāʻau a hoʻolōʻihi i ka corticosteroid therapy;
• neutropenia hoʻolōʻihi.

Nā hōʻailona hanu

Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Aspergillosis e ka haumia ma o ka hanu hanu. Hoʻoulu pinepine ia i loko o nā māmā a hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻōuli hanu ʻokoʻa:

• he puʻu;
• ʻānō;
• nā pilikia hanu.

Nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka aspergillosis a me kāna papa, e ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe:

• kuni;
• sinusitis;
• rhinitis;
• ʻeha poʻo poʻo;
• nā māhele o ka malaise;
• luhi;
• Kaumaha emi;
• ʻeha ka umauma;
• koko sputum (hemoptysis).

Mālama nui ʻia kēia maʻi Aspergillus me nā lāʻau antifungal (e laʻa me voriconazole, amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, echinocandins, a pēlā aku.).

Aia nā hoʻokoe. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka lāʻau antifungal no aspergilloma. I kēia hihia, pono paha ka lapaʻau ʻana i mea e hemo ai ka ʻōpala fungal. E pili ana i ka aspergillosis alahaka bronchopulmonary, mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana ma ka hoʻohana ʻana o corticosteroids e aerosols a i ʻole ma ka waha.

Hiki i ke Kāohi ke kākoʻo i nā pale pale pale o nā poʻe palupalu a me ka palena ʻana i kā lākou hōʻike ʻana i nā spores o fungi o ka genus Aspergillus. No nā mea maʻi kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi lumi sterile e pale ai i ka hanana ʻana o ka aspergillosis invasive me nā hopena koʻikoʻi.