Ke kuʻi nei ka ʻīlio mauna Bernese me kona nani a me kona ʻano aka akahai. He ʻīlio nui loa ia me ka lauoho lōʻihi a me nā maka ʻalemone ʻeleʻele, e kolo ana i nā pepeiao triangular a me ka huelo bushy.

• Lauoho : kapa tricolor, lōʻihi a ʻōlinolino, laumania a wavy iki paha.
• Size (ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi maloʻo): 64 a 70 cm no nā kāne a me 58 a 66 cm no nā wahine.
• Weight : mai 40 a 65 kg.
• Hoʻokaʻawale FCI : N ° 45.

E like me ka inoa o kona inoa, no Switzerland kēia ʻīlio a ʻoi aku ka pololei mai ka canton o Bern. ʻO ka ettyology o kona inoa Kelemania ʻĪlio mauna Bernese ʻo ia hoʻi "ʻīlio pipi Bern". I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma ka mua o Alps hema o Bern, ua hele pū ʻo ia me nā pūʻā bipi no ka manawa lōʻihi a hana ʻo ia me he ʻīlio lāe lā i ka lawe ʻana i ka waiū i loaʻa mai ka waiū o nā bipi i nā kauhale. ʻOiai, ʻo kāna kuleana ʻo ia ke kiaʻi i nā mahiʻai. ʻO ia i ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia XNUMXth i hoʻomaka ka poʻe mahiʻai i ka ʻāina i ka hoihoi i kāna hānau ʻana purebred a hōʻike iā ia ma nā hōʻike ʻīlio ma Switzerland a hiki i Bavaria.

He kaulike kūlike ka Bernese Mountain Dog, mālie, ʻano a me ka hana maʻamau. Aloha a hoʻomanawanui ʻo ia me ka poʻe e hoʻopuni iā ​​ia, me nā keiki. Nui nā ʻano e lilo ia i hoa pili ʻohana a puni ka honua.

Hoʻohuoi ʻo ia i ka mua i nā malihini āna i hiki ai ke hōʻailona me ka hae nui ʻana, akā maluhia, a laila ʻoluʻolu koke. No laila hiki iā ia ke hana ma ke ʻano he kiaʻi kiaʻi ma ka pōʻaiapili ʻohana, akā ʻaʻole ia kēia kāna hana mua.

Ua ʻike nō hoʻi kēia ʻīlio ʻohana i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mea i manaʻo ʻole ʻia e pili ana i kona hoʻoilina ma ke ʻano he ʻīlio mauna.

Kūpono ka ʻīlio mauna Bernese i nā pathology e pili ana i kona nui nui, e like me ka ʻūhā a me ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae dysplasia a me ka torsion ʻōpū maʻi maʻi. Kūpono nui lākou i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ke kali ʻana o ke ola ma mua o ka nui o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe.

Ke ola ola a me nā kumu o ka make: Ua mālama ʻia kahi noiʻi e nā luna hoʻomalu holoholona o Switzerland ma 389 Bernese Mountain Dogs i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma Switzerland i hōʻike ʻia i ke kūlana haʻahaʻa o ke ola: 8,4 mau makahiki ma ka awelika (8,8 mau makahiki no nā wahine, e kūʻē ana i nā makahiki 7,7 no nā kāne). ʻO kēia aʻo ʻana i nā kumu o ka make ʻana o Bernese Mountain Dogs i hōʻoia i ka nui o ka neoplasia (maʻi ʻaʻai. Cf. Histiocytosis) ma Bernese Mountain Dogs, ʻoi aku ka hapa o nā ʻīlio i ukali ʻia (58,3%). 23,4% o nā make i loaʻa kahi kumu i ʻike ʻole ʻia, 4,2% degenerative arthritis, 3,4% spinal disorders, 3% hakuʻala hōʻino. (1)

L'Histiocytose: ʻO kēia maʻi, kākaʻikahi ʻia i nā ʻīlio ʻē aʻe akā pili i nā ʻīlio mauna Bernese, ʻike ʻia e ka ulu ʻana o nā tumors, maikaʻi ʻole a hōʻino hoʻi, hoʻolaha ʻia i loko o nā mea like ʻole, e like me nā akemāmā a me ke ake. ʻO ka luhi, anorexia a me ka pohō kaumaha e makaʻala a alakaʻi i nā histological (tissue) a me nā hoʻokolohua cytological (cell). (1) (2)

ʻO ka Syndrome Torsion Dilation Syndrome (SDTE): E like me nā ʻīlio nui ʻē aʻe, makaʻu ka Dog Dog Mountain ma SDTE. ʻO ka distension o ka ʻōpū e ka meaʻai, nā wai a me ka ea e ukali ʻia e ka wili ʻana, ma hope o ka pāʻani ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻonāukiuki a me ka hopohopo a me nā hana makehewa e lūlū e pono e makaʻala i ka haku. Hiki i ka holoholona ke makaʻu i ka gastric nekrosis a me ka vena cava occlusion, ka hopena i ka haʻalulu a me ka make i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau wikiwiki. (3)

ʻO kahi home hui, kahi poʻe ukali, kahi māla i pā ʻia a me kahi hele maikaʻi i kēlā me kēia lā nā kūlana no ka hauʻoli a me ke ola o kēia ʻīlio. Pono ka mea nāna e hōʻoia e loaʻa iā ia ka nānā a me ke aloha, e kaohi i kona kaupaona a pāpā i nā pāʻani koke ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana e pale aku ai i nā pilikia o ka ʻōpū e hoʻohuli i nā ʻīlio nui. Pono e akahele ka mea nāna e hoʻokau ʻole i kāna ʻīlio e hana i nā hoʻoikaika kino i kona mau makahiki e ulu ana (e piʻi ana i luna a i lalo i nā ʻanuʻu, no ka laʻana, pono e pāpā ʻia).