ʻO ka caecum (mai ka Latin cæcum intestinum, ʻōpū makapō) kahi lālā o ka aʻa digestive. Kūlike ia i ka ʻāpana mua o ke kolona, ​​i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka ʻōpū nui.

Location. Aia ke cecum i ka facsa iliac ʻākau ma ka pae o ka ʻōpū o lalo, a ma hope o ka paia o ka ʻōpū mua. (1)

'ole. ʻO ka māhele ʻōpū mua o ke kolona, ​​ukali ka caecum i ka ileum, ka hapa hope o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka waha o ka ileum ma ka caecum he kiwikā ileo-caecal a me kahi sphincter mānoanoa a hana i ka ʻaoʻao ileo-caecal. Ke hoʻopau nei i kahi cul-de-sac, ʻo ka caecum he 6 a 8 cm ka laulā. Loaʻa iā ia kahi extension atrophied ma lalo o ka orifice o ka ileum, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka vermicular appendix.

Hana ʻia nā cecum a me ka appendix i nā tunika ʻehā, nā papa keu:

• serosa, ka mea e hana i ka membrane ma waho a kūlike i ka visceral peritoneum
• muscular, ka mea i hana ʻia me nā ʻāʻī puʻupuʻu longitudinal
• submucosal
• mucous

Vascularization a me loko. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka mea āpau e nā ʻāpana cecal a me nā ʻaoʻao āpau a i loko e nā aʻalolo e kū mai ana mai ka solar plexus a me ka plexus mesenteric ʻoi loa.

ʻO ke komo ʻana o ka wai a me nā electrolytes. ʻO ke kuleana nui o ka cecum e omo i ka wai a me nā electrolytes e waiho nei ma hope o ka digestion a me ka omo, lawe ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi (2).

ʻO ke kuleana pale. ʻO ke kiʻikuhi ileocecal a me ka sphincter e kōkua maʻamau i ka pale ʻana i nā mea mai ka hoʻi ʻana i ka ileum. Pono kēia pale a hoʻokahi ala e pale i ka hoʻohaunaele o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi me nā bacteria i loko o ke kolona (3).

Typhlite. Kūlike ia i kahi mumū o ka cecum a hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū me ka maʻi diarrhea. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia kēia maʻi i nā mea maʻi immunocompromised. (4)

ʻĀpepa. Nā hualoaʻa mai ka hoʻohaunaele o ka pākuʻi, e like me ka ʻehaʻeha a pono e mālama koke ʻia.

Volvulus makapō. Kūlike ia i kahi torsion o ke cecum ma muli o ka hypermobility o ka hope. ʻO nā ʻōuli he ʻeha pūpū paha a me ka cramp, paʻa paʻa, a i ʻole ka luaʻi.

ʻO nā Tumors. Kū aʻe nā maʻi ʻaʻai kolone mai kahi tumo maikaʻi, i kapa ʻia he polyp adenomatous, i hiki ke ulu a lilo i ʻōpala malignant (4) (5). Hiki ke hoʻomohala i kēia mau tumors i nā hunaola o ka paia o loko o ka cecum.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka pathology, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau ʻana e like me analgesics, laxatives a i ʻole nā ​​hamo.

ʻO keʻano maʻamau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka pathology a me kona holomua, hiki ke hana i ka hana ʻoki e like me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ke kolona (colectomy).

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy a i ʻole hoʻomōhala hoʻomōhala. ʻO kēia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia e luku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ninaninau kino. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka o ka ʻeha me kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e loiloi i nā ʻano o ka ʻeha a me nā ʻōuli pū.

Ninaninau ʻaʻano. Hiki ke hana i nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke koko a me ka noho.

ʻImi hoʻokolohua kiʻi. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka pathology i manaʻo ʻia a i hōʻoia paha, hiki ke hana ʻia i nā hoʻokolokolo hou aʻe e like me ultrasound, kahi CT scan a i ʻole MRI.

Ninaninau endoscopic. Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi kolonekia e hoʻopaʻa i nā paia o ke kolona.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ke kinona o ka caecum i kahi cul-de-sac, no laila kona kumu Lākina: kanaka makapō, ʻōpū makapō (6).