ʻO Bolbitus gula (Bolbitius titubans) kiʻi a me ka wehewehe

Bolbitus gula (ʻO Bolbitius ka haʻalulu)

• Haʻalulu ʻo Agaric
• Prunulus titubans
• Pluteolus titubans
• Pluteolus tubatans var. haalulu
• ʻO Bolbitius vitellinus subsp. haalulu
• Bolbitius vitellinus var. haalulu
• Agaric melemele

Hoʻolaha nui ʻia ka bolbitus gula, ʻōlelo paha kekahi, ma nā wahi āpau, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia i ʻike nui ʻia ma muli o ka loli ikaika, ʻoi aku ka nui. He ʻano ʻano pāpale melemele ke ʻano o nā ʻōpiopio, akā pōkole loa kēia ʻano, lilo koke nā pāpale i bulbous a i ʻole conical ākea, a ʻoi aʻe a emi iki paha.

Ke ulu nei nā halo ikaika a paʻapū ma luna o ka manure a me ka lepo momona, ʻoiai nā mea palupalu a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi e hiki ke loaʻa i nā wahi mauʻu me ka liʻiliʻi o ka nitrogen.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻaʻole loli nui a pono paha e hilinaʻi ʻia no ka ʻike pololei ʻana:

• ʻEleʻele ʻele a i ʻole ke kinamona ʻeleʻele (akā ʻaʻole ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele) imprint pauka spore
• Pāleʻele, kokoke palahalaha i nā halo makua
• ʻAʻohe uhi pilikino
• ʻO nā lau ʻeleʻele i ka wā ʻōpiopio a ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i loko o nā hiʻohiʻona oʻo
• Smooth elliptic spores me ka hopena palahalaha a me nā "pores"
• ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka brachybasidiol ma nā papa

Bolbitius vitelline ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā Bolbitius titubans ma muli o kona ʻiʻo mānoanoa, ka pāpale liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ke kumu keʻokeʻo - akā ua hoʻohālikelike nā mycologists i nā ʻano ʻelua; No ka mea he inoa kahiko ʻo "titubans", pono ia i mua a hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa.

Hoʻonui ʻia ʻo Bolbitius he ʻauhau melemele me ka pāpale hina-melemele ʻaʻole e paʻa ke kikowaena melemele i ka wā oʻo.

Bolbitius varicolor (e like paha me Bolbitius vitellinus var. ʻOliva) me ka pāpale "smoky-olive" a me ka wāwae melemele maikaʻi.

Ua hoʻohālikelike nā mea kākau like ʻole i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia ʻauhau me Bolbitius titubans (a i ʻole ke ʻano ʻē aʻe).

I ka loaʻa ʻole o ka ʻikepili kaiaola a i ʻole molecular e hoʻokaʻawale loa iā Bolbitius aureus mai kekahi mau Bolbitus like, ua wehewehe ʻo Michael Kuo iā lākou a pau i loko o ka ʻatikala hoʻokahi a hoʻohana i ka inoa ʻano mea kaulana loa, Bolbitius titubans, e hōʻike i ka hui holoʻokoʻa. Hiki ke loaʻa i nā ʻano ʻano ʻokoʻa kaiaola a me ka genetically ma waena o kēia mau ʻauhau, akā aia nā kānalua koʻikoʻi e hiki iā mākou ke ʻike pololei iā lākou ma ka waihoʻoluʻu kumu, nā ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka spore, a pēlā aku. Pono nā palapala hoʻopaʻa paʻa o ke kaiaola, nā hoʻololi morphological, a me nā ʻokoʻa genetic i nā haneli o nā mea hoʻohālike mai ka honua a puni.

ʻO ka mea kākau o kēia ʻatikala, ma hope o Michael Kuo, manaʻoʻiʻo he paʻakikī loa ka wehewehe ʻana: ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa i ka microscopy o spores.

Ke po'o: 1,5-5 kenimika ke anawaena, i loko o na halo'ōpiopio ovoid a aneane poepoe paha, e hoonui ana me ka ulu ana a hiki i ke ano bele a laulaha paha i ke ano o ka bele a laulaha paha, e palahalaha ana, a emi iki iho i ke kikowaena, oiai e paa mau ana i kahi tubercle uuku i waenakonu. .

Nawaliwali loa. Mucous.

He melemele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha ka waihoʻoluʻu (ʻeleʻele a hina paha i kekahi manawa), e mae pinepine ana i ka hina a i ʻole ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, akā maʻa mau ke kikowaena melemele. He laumania ka ʻili ma ka pāpale. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻili, ʻoi aku ka makahiki, pinepine mai ke kikowaena.

ʻO ka manawa pinepine he mau hiʻohiʻona kahi, i ka wā e maloʻo ai ka mucus, hana ʻole ʻia i ke ʻano o nā veins a i ʻole "pockets" ma ka ʻili o ka pāpale.

Hōʻike nā ʻōpuʻu ʻōpiopio i kahi ʻāpana poʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, akā ʻo ia ka hopena o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka ʻōpala i ka wā o ka "pā pihi", ʻaʻole nā ​​koena o kahi pale ʻāpana maoli.

Records: kūʻokoʻa a pili liʻiliʻi paha, alapine pinepine, me nā papa. He palupalu loa a palupalu. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā papa he keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha, me ka makahiki ua lilo lākou i kala o "rusty cinnamon". Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka gelatin i ka wā pulu.

wawae: 3-12, i kekahi manawa a hiki i ka 15 knm ka loa a hiki i ka 1 knm manoanoa. Maheʻe a liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi paha i luna, ʻaʻohe, palupalu, ʻili liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka ʻili he pauda a huluhulu liʻiliʻi paha - a ʻoi aʻe a liʻiliʻi paha. He keʻokeʻo me ka piko melemele a/a i ʻole ke kumu, hiki ke melemele iki a puni.

Pulp: lahilahi, palupalu, melemele.

ʻala a ʻono: ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa (weak mushroom).

Nā hopena hoʻohālikelike: KOH ma ka ʻili pāpale mai ka ʻino a i ka hina hina.

Hoʻopili ʻia ka pauda spore: ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.

Nā hiʻohiʻona microscopic: spores 10-16 x 6-9 microns; ʻoi aʻe a liʻiliʻi paha elliptical, me ka hopena oki. Maʻalahi, maʻalahi, me nā pores.

Saprofite. Hoʻokahi ka ulu ʻana o ka bolbitus gula, ʻaʻole i nā pūʻulu, i nā hui liʻiliʻi ma ka manure a ma nā wahi mauʻu maikaʻi.

ʻO ke kauwela a me ke kauwela (a me ka hoʻoilo i nā piʻi mahana). Laha nui ʻia ma ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa.

Ma muli o kona ʻiʻo lahilahi, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ʻo Bolbitus aureus he haʻupuʻu me ka waiwai waiwai. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka ʻona.

Kiʻi: Andrey.