Kanaka spruce

Kanaka spruce (Picea glauca) ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe māla e like me ka spruce hina a i ʻole ka spruce keʻokeʻo. Hōʻike kēia mau inoa i ke ʻano o nā nila - he ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma lalo. ʻO Konika ka mea kaulana loa o ka spruce Kanada. Eia nō naʻe, i nā kūlana o ke aniau, ua ulu maikaʻi nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka ʻāina hānau o Kanada spruce ʻo ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, kahi e ʻike ai ʻoe i nā specimens ma kahi o 300 mau makahiki. Ke nānā nei i nā ʻano dwarf o Kanada spruce, ka mea i ulu nui ʻia i kā mākou māla, paʻakikī ke noʻonoʻo i ke ʻano he kumu lāʻau nui kēia 25-35 m kiʻekiʻe, a hiki ke ulu a hiki i nā kūlana paʻakikī o Alaska (1) .

ʻO nā ʻano ʻano spruce Kanada

ʻO ke ʻano a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o nā mea hānai i hāʻawi i nā māla i nā mea nani, i kekahi manawa liʻiliʻi, nā lāʻau Kalikimaka me nā ʻano lei aliʻi like ʻole. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou he hoʻololi o ka spruce Kanada kaulana loa, ʻo Konik. 

ʻO ke kala o nā nila o ka Kanada spruce ʻaʻole wale he bluish-blue, akā he ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā nila fluffy palupalu, palette kala - hiki i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ke hoʻohana nui i ka spruce Kanada i ka hoʻolālā ʻāina. 

Ua like ka manaʻo o ka spruce Kanada ma kahi kahakai, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa, a ma nā wahi maloʻo. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ulu maikaʻi lākou a pau ma nā wahi he nui. A ʻo ke kumu ʻaʻole nui loa i ka hau, akā i ka nāwaliwali hiki ke kū i ka sunburn i ka hoʻoilo a me ka puna mua.

ʻO Alberta Globe. ʻO kahi mea kanu liʻiliʻi a hiki i 1 m ke kiʻekiʻe me ka lei spherical a hiki i 1,2 m ke anawaena, me nā nila ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻAʻole like ia me Konika wale nō, akā, he hoʻololi ia o kēia ʻano like ʻole. 

He awelika ka pale ʻana o ka hau, kū i ka hau a hiki i -32 ° С. Ke ulu maikaʻi nei ma nā wahi lā, akā kūpono ia i nā wahi me ka malu hapa. Pono ka wai mau a me ka mulching o nā kumu lāʻau. 

He mea kanu coniferous kūpono no nā māla pōhaku a i ʻole e ulu ana i loko o nā pahu.

Echiniformis (Echiniformis). Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻano dwarf a me ka ulu lohi: ma ka makahiki 30 ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 0,6 m ke kiʻekiʻe a me 1 m ke anawaena. He spherical ka lei aliʻi, akā e lilo i mea palahalaha me ka manawa, ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa pinepine ʻia ai ʻo pillow spruce. He lahilahi a pōkole ka nila, ʻōmaʻomaʻo-uliuli.

He awelika ka pale ʻana o ka hau, kū i ka hau a hiki i -32 ° С. Pono kahi wahi mālamalama, lepo maikaʻi, hoʻoinu mau a me ka mulching a puni nā kumu.

ʻO kahi mea kanu coniferous kūpono no nā māla pōhaku a me nā heather, mixborders.

ʻO kēia mau ʻano ʻelua a me Konika ka mea kaulana loa i waena o nā māla, akā pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i nā mea ʻē aʻe:

• ʻōuliuliuli) - me kahi lei aliʻi conical liʻiliʻi o kahi kala ʻulaʻula, ma ka makahiki 30 a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi 2 m, ma ke anawaena lei - 0,75 m; 
• Wehe ānuenue (Rainbow's End) - kahi mea kanu dwarf me ka lei aliʻi cone a hiki i 1 m ke kiʻekiʻe me nā nila ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka pūnāwai a me ka melemele melemele i ke kauwela;
• ʻAlu Sanders (Sanders uliuli) - ka spruce dwarf me ka lei aliʻi cone 0,7 m kiʻekiʻe me nā nila uliuli;
• Daisy's White - kahi mea kanu dwarf me ka lei conical a hiki i 1 m ke kiʻekiʻe, nā nila palupalu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ke kala melemele-keʻokeʻo mua o ka ulu hou;
• ʻO Zuckerhut - kahi mea kanu me ka lei aliʻi cone-cone o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, 1,5 m kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 0,8 m ke anawaena.

Ke kanu ʻana i ka spruce Kanada 

ʻO nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka Kanada spruce i hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia i loko o nā kīhāpai e ʻeha nui i ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lā. ʻO ia hoʻi, pono lākou i ka malu. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole mālama mau ka shading artificial. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke kanu ʻana i ka malu hapa, ma lalo o ka pale o nā mea kanu coniferous a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau liʻiliʻi, e alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā nila o nā ʻano kaulana loa e nalowale i ko lākou kala ʻulaʻula.

No laila, i ka pae ʻana, pono mākou e noʻonoʻo i nā helu 3:

• ka manaʻo o nā nila palupalu e puhi - pono ʻoe e ʻimi i kahi e liʻiliʻi ai ka hopena luku o ka lā mālamalama;
• ʻO ka nui o nā ʻano like ʻole ke kūpaʻa hau - pono e pale ʻia ka pae ʻāina mai ka makani ʻākau;
• ʻōnaehana kumu o kēia ʻano spruce - ma nā ʻāina maloʻo, pono ka wai. 

Ke koho ʻana i kahi pae ʻāina, pono e hoʻomākaukau i kahi lua pae. ʻAʻole pono e hana nui ʻia, no ka mea, kūʻai wale ʻia nā mea kanu spruce Kanada me kahi ʻōnaehana kumu paʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, i loko o nā pahu. Ua lawa ka anawaena o ka lua he 10 knm ka nui ma mua o ka coma earthen. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka hohonu i mea e hoʻonohonoho ai i ka hoʻoheheʻe wai ma nā lepo kaumaha, a hoʻohui i ka pālolo ma nā lepo māmā.

Ua kanu ʻia ʻo Spruce me kahi ʻōnaehana paʻa i ka wā mahana a pau - mai ʻApelila a ʻOkakopa. He mea nui e hoʻoinu maikaʻi ma hope o ke kanu ʻana (1 - 2 mau bākeke wai no kēlā me kēia mea kanu) a uhi i ka lepo i loko o ka pōʻai kumu me ka mulch mānoanoa 5 - 7 cm. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka ʻili, nā ʻāpana lāʻau a i ʻole ka sawdust o nā conifers e like me ka mulch.

E noʻonoʻo i ka lepo i loko o ka ipu - ʻo ka hele ʻana o nā pōpō kala ʻulaʻula e hōʻike ana ua hoʻohana ʻia nā fertilizers lōʻihi i ka wā e ulu ana i ka spruce. No laila, lawa ka waiho ʻana i 1 bākeke o ka compost i hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia i loko o ka lua kanu.

Ke kanu nei i ka pūnāwai ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka seedling no 1-2 mau pule, kau lākou i nā kākoʻo me kahi agronet e pale aku iā lākou mai nā kukuna wela o ka lā. Ke kanu ʻana i ka hopena o ka hāʻule, hoʻokomo koke ʻia nā kākoʻo i mea e hoʻolōʻihi i nā pale pale i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo. Pono e hana ʻia kahi pale mai ka lā i loko o 3 a 4 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana.

ʻO ka mālama spruce Kanada

He maʻalahi a maʻalahi ka ulu ʻana i ka spruce Kanada. ʻO ka hopohopo nui i nā makahiki 3-4 mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana: pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau pono i nā mea kanu no ka hoʻoilo e pale iā lākou mai ka lā. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi papa lāʻau ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka lāʻau, kahi i kau ʻia ai ka burlap, agro mesh a i ʻole nā ​​mea ulana ʻole. A i ʻole e nakinaki i ka mea kanu me nā lālā spruce. ʻO kahi mea nui: ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā mea uhi me nā nila. 

A i ʻOkakopa he mea nui e hana i ka hoʻoinu wai.

Pā

Makemake ʻo Kanada spruce i ka loamy, humus-waiwai lepo me kahi hopena acidic. ʻO nā ʻāina ʻilihune a maloʻo, a me nā lepo momona, pono e hoʻonui ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pālolo ma nā ʻāina maloʻo, a me nā mea hoʻokahe wai ma nā lepo pulu. Pono ka lepo alkaline i ka acidifying fertilizers.

kau iho

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nani o ka hapa nui o nā ʻano spruce Kanada e ʻike ʻia i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomālamalama, akā i ka lā mālamalama i ka hoʻoilo a me ka pūnāwai, ʻeha nā mea kanu i ke ahi - pono lākou i ka pale no ka hoʻoilo. 

Hoʻomoʻa i ka wai

Pono ka ʻōnaehana aʻa superficial i ka wai maʻamau, akā maʻalahi a me ka wai hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka hāʻule. Ua pane maikaʻi ʻo Kanada spruce i ka hoʻoinu ʻana me ka wai: i ke kauwela e ʻōlelo ʻia e hana i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule. 

Mālama maikaʻi i ka lepo mai ka maloʻo ʻana i ka mulching me kahi papa ʻili o 7 - 10 cm.

nā mea kanu

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā fertilizers e pili ana i ka pae o ka momona o ka lepo. Ma nā ʻāina i hoʻoulu maikaʻi ʻia a me ka humus, ʻaʻole pono nā mea kanu. Ma nā ʻāina momona, i ke kanu ʻana, ua lawa ia e hoʻohui i kahi bākeke o ka compost makua. 

e ai ana

ʻAʻole pono nā spruces i ka lole luna. Eia naʻe, i ka pūnāwai, pono e hānai ʻia nā mea kanu sunburn me kahi mea kanu kūikawā no nā conifers. No ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka lei i hoʻopili ʻia, lawe ʻia ka paʻakikī paʻakikī, hoʻololi i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o Epin (2) a me Ferrovit.

Ka hana hou ʻana i ka spruce Kanada 

Hoʻoulu ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole o Kanada spruce mai nā ʻokiʻoki. He ʻoihana paʻakikī kēia, paʻakikī a lōʻihi.

Lawe ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki mai nā lālā haʻahaʻa o ka lāʻau i ka hopena o Malaki - i ka hoʻomaka o ʻApelila ma kahi lā ao. Aia kahi ʻike maikaʻi o ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻokiʻoki i lawe ʻia mai nā lāʻau spruce i ka hapa mua o Iune. Pono ka lōʻihi o 7 - 10 cm ka ʻokiʻoki a me kahi kuʻekuʻe wāwae (kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻili kumu).

No kahi lā, waiho ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki i loko o kahi hopena o kahi mea hoʻoulu aʻa (Heteroauxin). He mea nui wale ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae a me ka 1 knm o ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka ʻoki i loko o ka hopena.

Ua kanu ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i loko o nā pahu ʻokiʻoki a i ʻole nā ​​​​pota hoʻokahi, e hohonu ana ma kahi kihi o 30 ° me 2-3 cm. Pono ka lepo e māmā, hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi (e hoʻohui i ke one kahawai). Ua uhi ʻia nā ipuhao me ka ipu aniani, a ua uhi ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki me ka ʻili plastik. 

Hiki ke aʻa i ka 6 a 12 mahina. I kēia manawa, pono ʻoe e ventilate i nā hale hoʻokahi i ka lā, e hoʻoinu i ka lepo i ka manawa kūpono i mau ka lepo. ʻO ka koho maikaʻi loa ka wai i nā pallets. ʻElua mau mahina, e hoʻohui i kahi hopena o Heteroauxin a i ʻole Kornevin i ka wai no ka hoʻoinu.

No ka ulu ʻana, kanu ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki i kahi kula i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma lalo o ka uhi o nā kumulāʻau. Ma hope o 1-2 mau makahiki, hiki ke kanu ʻia nā mea kanu ma kahi paʻa.

Nā maʻi spruce Kanada

Rust (spruce spinner). ʻO ke kumu o ka maʻi he fungus pathogenic, hiki ke ʻike ʻia e nā pehu ʻalani liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻili. I nā mea kanu i hoʻopilikia ʻia, huli nā nila i ka melemele a hāʻule i ka wā. 

No ka hakakāʻana i ka maʻi, he mea nui eʻoki i nā lālā i hoʻopiliʻia i ka manawa kūpono a puhi iā lākou me nā nila hāʻule. Pono e mālama ʻia nā mea kanu maʻi me ka Hom (copper oxychloride) (2) a i ʻole Rakurs.

ʻO Schütte (ʻeleʻele hau ʻeleʻele). Hōʻike ka maʻi iā ia iho i ka pūnāwai, i ka wā e heheʻe ai ka hau a ʻike ʻia nā lālā me nā nila keʻokeʻo. Hoʻoulu ikaika ka mea kumu o ka maʻi i ka hoʻoilo ma nā lālā i uhi ʻia me ka hau. 

No ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi, ʻōlelo ʻia nā lāʻau ʻo Hom a i ʻole Rakurs (2). 

Tracheomycosis (fusarium). ʻIke ʻia ia ma nā spruces ma ke ʻano o ka uhi ʻulaʻula ma nā nila, e hoʻomaka koke i ka ʻeleʻele a me ka crumble. 

ʻAʻole pili ka maʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, no ka mea, pili ka fungus pathogenic i ka ʻōnaehana kumu. He mea nui e ʻeli a puhi i ka mea kanu maʻi i ka manawa kūpono i ʻole e hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi i nā conifers ʻē aʻe i loko o ka māla. Hoʻopau ʻia ka lepo me Fundazol (2).

ʻO nā pests spruce Kanada

Spruce spider mite. Ke waiho nei kēia pest i nā wahi melemele liʻiliʻi ma nā nila, e hoʻopuni i nā lālā i hoʻopilikia ʻia me nā pūnāwai a hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻokahe ʻana o nā nila.

No ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka tick i 5 mau hanauna i kēlā me kēia kau, pono ia e pīpī i nā mea kanu maʻi ma kahi o 5 mau manawa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka hopena o ke kauwela. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā lāʻau Actellik, Antiklesch a i ʻole Fitoverm. 

Spruce pale pale wahaheʻe. E waiho ana i kahi uhi paʻa ma ka ʻili a me nā nila o nā mea kanu ʻōpio, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā nila browned a me ka curvature o nā wana. 

No ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu mai kēia pest, hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻomākaukau ʻōnaehana Aktara a me Konfidor. Pono e kāpīpī ʻia ʻo Actara ʻaʻole wale ma luna o nā kumulāʻau, akā ma luna o nā kumu lāʻau.

ʻO ka lau ʻauʻau spruce. Hoʻopili ka iniseti i ka spruce me nā larvae e ʻai i nā nila, e lilo ai ia i ʻeleʻele a hoʻoheheʻe. 

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau Pinocid e kūʻē i ka sawfly - kāpī lākou i ka lei aliʻi a hoʻoinu i nā kumu lāʻau.

ʻO nā ʻōpala coniferous. ʻO nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi me nā hulu keʻokeʻo ma ke kua. I nā mahina maloʻo wela, hoʻomāhuahua koke lākou, me he mea lā ua uhi ʻia i ka hau. Huli melemele nā ​​kui a ʻōwili i ka hopena.

No ka hakakā ʻana i ka ilo, hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau Pinocid.

Nā nīnau a me nā pane kaulana

Ua nīnau mākou e pili ana i ka spruce Kanada agronomist Oleg Ispolatov - ua pane ʻo ia i nā nīnau kaulana loa o nā kamaʻāina kauwela.

Kumuwaiwai o

1. Stupakov OM, Aksyanova T.Yu. ʻO nā hui o nā mea kanu perennial, coniferous lāʻau a me nā mea kanu deciduous i ka hoʻolālā ʻāina kūlanakauhale // Coniferous boreal zone, 2013

   https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kompozitsii-iz-mnogoletnih-travyanistyh-drevesnyh-hvoynyh-i-listvennyh-rasteniy-v-ozelenenii-gorodov

2. ʻAe ʻia ka papa inoa o nā pesticides a me nā agrochemical no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ka ʻāina o ka Federation ma Iulai 6, 2021 // Ministry of Agriculture of the Federation

   https://mcx.gov.ru/ministry/departments/departament-rastenievodstva-mekhanizatsii-khimizatsii-i-zashchity-rasteniy/industry-information/info-gosudarstvennaya-usluga-po-gosudarstvennoy-registratsii-pestitsidov-i-agrokhimikatov/