ʻO ka Collie lauoho lōʻihi a lauoho pōkole hoʻi, he poʻo like me ke poʻo keleawe, me ka ihu ʻeleʻele a me nā maka ʻalemona. Ikaika ka ʻāʻī a pololei a ʻeleu hoʻi nā lālā. Lōʻihi iki ke kino no kahi kiʻekiʻe ma nā mae o 51 a 61 cm e pili ana i ka moekolohe. ʻO ka lole, lōʻihi a pōkole paha, hiki ke sable, tricolor a merle blue paha. Lawe haʻahaʻa ʻia ka huelo lōʻihi.

Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Collies lauoho lōʻihi a lauoho pōkole e ka Fédération Cynologiques Internationale ma waena o nā hipa. (1-2)

E like me ka hapa nui o nā ʻīlio hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ʻaʻole maopopo ka kumu kumu o ka Collie. Aia paha ma Sikotika kona mau kūpuna. ʻO nā kuhi kahiko loa mai ka wā kahiko a me ka hoʻolauna ʻana o nā ʻīlio Roma i ka mokupuni ʻo Brittany. Ua hele ʻia kēia mau mea me nā ʻīlio ʻo Pikisa a me Celtic, a laila ma hope me nā ʻīlio i lawe ʻia mai e nā Viking, nā ʻAnela a me nā Sākona. Ma hope iho, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻīlio like ʻole e like me nā ʻīlio mahiʻai a kahu hipa no nā kenekulia a aia wale nō i ka XNUMX kenekulia i hoʻomaka ka hae o ka lāhui no nā hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū a me ka leʻaleʻa o nā haku.

ʻO ke kumu o ka inoa "Collie" i hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui ʻia hoʻi. Ma ka laulaha, ʻo ke kumu i ʻae ʻia o ka huaʻōlelo ʻo "Coll" - ka huaʻōlelo Anglo-Sakona no ka ʻeleʻele. (3)

He ʻīlio aloha nā collies a akamai hoʻi. He hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka naʻau o ke kanaka a pili loa i nā keiki. No laila he holoholona maikaʻi loa ia no ka ʻohana. Hōʻike ka standard standard iā ia ma ke ʻano ” ʻOluʻolu a me ka launa, ʻaʻole makaʻu a kolohe paha ”. (1-2)

He holoholona maikaʻi nā Collies me ke ola o kahi o 12 mau makahiki. Wahi a ka UK Kennel Club's 2014 Purebred Dog Health Survey, ʻaneʻane ʻelua hapakolu o nā holoholona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻaʻole hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. ʻO nā kumu nui o ka make ka maʻi ʻaʻai (ʻaʻohe kikoʻī i kuhikuhi ʻia), ʻelemakule a me nā hōʻino kīwī. (4)

E like me nā ʻīlio hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻē aʻe, akā, maʻalahi ʻo ia i ka ulu ʻana i nā maʻi hoʻoilina. Hoʻopili kēia i ka anomaly collie eye, kikowaena a me paracentral stromal sungtrtrtrtrtr, collie malignant hyperthermia a me ka epilepsy pono. (5-6)

ʻO ka anomaly maka o Collie

ʻO ka hemahema o ka maka o Collie kahi kīnā hoʻoilina o ka maka e hoʻopili i ka hāʻawi ʻana o ke koko i kahi ma ke kua o ka maka i kapa ʻia ʻo choroid. Hana ia i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā pigment i ka maka a kaukaʻi ʻia i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, ka retina hoʻokaʻawale, ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe a me ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike. I ke kumuhana me ka maʻi kīnā, pili nā maka ʻelua.

ʻIke ʻia a me ka loiloi ʻana i ka papa o ka maʻi e hana ʻia ma ke nānā ʻana i ka waihona o ka maka a me ke ana ʻana i ke kaomi intraocular. Aia kekahi ho'āʻo genetic.

Pili ka wānana o ka maʻi i ka paʻakikī o ke komo ʻana o ka maka a i nā hihia ʻoi loa ka hapa a i ʻole ka makapō makapō āpau. ʻAʻohe mea ola. (5-6)

ʻO ka Central a me ka paracentral corneal stromal dystrophy o ka Collie

ʻO ko Colley kikowaena a me paracentral stromal corneal dystrophy kahi maʻi maʻi ʻelua i ʻike ʻia e ka opacity o ke kola ma muli o ka phospholipid a me nā waihona kolesterol ma muli o ka hemahema o ka enzyme. Hoʻolālā maʻamau ka maʻi ma waena o 5 a 27 mau mahina. Exceptionally, ke koʻikoʻi o ke ao ke hoʻopilikia i ka hihiʻo.

Hana ʻia ka diagnostical formal e ke nānā ʻana i ka maka me kahi biomicroscope.

ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi. Hiki i kahi hoʻololi o kaʻai a ka ʻīlio ke kaupalena i ka lawe ʻana o ka lipid a no laila nā kōkoʻolā a i ʻole nā ​​waihona phospholipid. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻomau ka ʻoki kino i ka lapaʻau maikaʻi loa me ka nui o ka hoʻi hou. (5-6)

Hyperthermia malignant

ʻO ka hyperthermia malignant a i ʻole ka ʻike i ka halothane kahi maʻi metabolic e hōʻike ʻia iā ia iho i ka piʻi a me ka piʻi koke o ka mahana o ke kino e ukali ʻia e ka hypercontraction muscle i hoʻonui ʻia i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka maʻi ka hopena o hypermetabolism o kekahi mau anesthetics e like me ka halothane a i ʻole kekahi manawa i kahi hopena i ke koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi i ka wā anesthesia kahi pilikia nui a waiho ʻole i kahi no ke kuhi. I kēia hihia, mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana e DantroleÌ € ne®. (5-6)

Epilepsy nui

Pono epilepsy ka mea maʻamau i loaʻa i ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana hōʻino i nā ʻīlio. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka haʻalulu nui, pōkole a malia paha he repetitive. ʻAʻole like me ka epilepsy lua, nā hopena mai ka trauma i ka lolo a i ʻole ke kikowaena pūnaewele, me ka maʻi epilepsy pono, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka holoholona i nā lehelehe.

Hoʻomaopopo iki ʻia nā kumu o kēia maʻi a ʻike nui ʻia ka ʻike ma luna o kahi hōʻike ʻano ʻokoʻa i kāpae ʻia i nā ʻino ʻē aʻe i ka ʻōnaehana a me ka lolo. No laila pili i nā hoʻāʻo kaumaha, e like me CT, MRI, kālailai ʻana i ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF) a me nā hoʻokolohua koko.

He maʻi hoʻoilina ia e hiki ʻole ke hoʻōla ʻia, no laila ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻole e hoʻohana i nā ʻīlio loli no ka hānau ʻana. (5-7)

He hipa hipa ka Collie a no laila koi i nā kau hoʻoikaika kino i kēlā me kēia lā e māʻona i kāna pono e hoʻoikaika kino. He holoholona nō hoʻi ia e makemake i ka pāʻani a e leʻaleʻa hoʻi i ka pāʻani ʻana me kahi kinipōpō a i ʻole ka hopu ʻana iā Frisbee. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻoikaika kino, he mea nui ia e kiaʻi i kāu papaʻai e hōʻalo i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha. ʻO ka mea hope loa, he holoholona pili kaiāulu ia a kōkua nui nā pilina kanaka e hoʻohauʻoli iā ia.