Un ninaninau bacteriological a i ʻole kālailai ʻae iā ʻoe e ʻike a ʻike bacteria i komo i kahi maʻiʻaʻai.

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka pūnaewele o ka maʻi, hiki i kekahi mau loiloi.

• ninaninau bacteriological o mimi aiʻole ECBU
• ninaninau bacteriological o pahu noho (e nānā i ka moʻomeheu stalk)
• ninaninau bacteriological o huna huna kik Cervico-vaginal i nā wahine
• ninaninau bacteriological o ka sperm i loko o kānaka
• ninaninau bacteriological o nā huna huna bronchial a i ʻole ka ʻaila
• ninaninau bacteriological o kāhili ʻāʻī
• ninaninau bacteriological o ʻeha nā ʻili
• ninaninau bacteriological o ka wai o ka maʻi (e nānā i ka lumbar puncture)
• ninaninau bacteriological o ke koko (ʻike moʻomeheu koko)

ʻAʻole kuhikuhi ʻia kēia ʻano ninaninau me ka ʻōnaehana inā loaʻa ka maʻi. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, alo i ka maʻi o ke koʻohune, kuhikuhi ke kauka i nā antibiotic empirically, ʻo ia hoʻi "ma ka lōkō", i lawa i ka hapa nui o nā hihia.

Eia nō naʻe, koi paha kekahi mau hanana i ka lawe ʻana i kahi laʻana a me ka nānā pono bacteriological.

• maʻi i loko o kahi kanaka immunocompromised
• maʻi hiki ʻole ke hoʻōla me nā antibiotic (a no laila kūpaʻa paha i nā antibiotic i hāʻawi ʻia)
• maʻi maʻi nosocomial (hiki i ka haukapila)
• maʻi ʻaʻano maʻi nui paha
• ʻona ʻaina hui pū
• kānalua e pili ana i ka maʻi viral a bacteria paha o ka maʻi (e laʻa me ka angina a pharyngitis)
• ka hōʻailona o kekahi mau maʻi e like me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu
• etc.