Tragacanthus gum (Tragacanth, Gummi Tragacanthae, tragacanthus, E413) - hoʻokūpaʻa; e holo mai ke kāpili maloʻo mai nā ʻoki o nā koʻokoʻo a me nā lālā o ka lāʻau ʻoiʻoi astragalus tragacanthus.
ʻO nā kumuwaiwai o ka gum gum he 12-15 mau ʻano. ʻO nā wahi ʻohiʻohi maʻamau nā mauna waena o Southeheast Turkey, Northwestern a me ʻIrana Hema. I ka wā ma mua, lawe ʻia ka ʻohi ma nā ʻāina o Transcaucasia a ma Turkmenistan (Kopetdag). Hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā kahe kūlohelohe a me nā kahe i loaʻa mai nā ʻoki kūikawā.
Aia he mau ʻano ʻelua o nā gum gum tragacanthus ma nā mākeke o ʻEulopa: Persian tragacanthus (ʻoi aku ka pinepine) a me Anatolian tragacanthus. Ma ka palena o Pakistan, India a me Afghanistan, loaʻa kahi gum i ʻike ʻia ʻo Chitral gum.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka gum Tragacanthum i loko o nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā hoʻomaha, ma ke ʻano he kumu no nā papa a me nā pila. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka mastic confectionery no ka ikaika o ka nui.