He kuleana nui ka endothelial dysfunction i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā maʻi a me nā maʻi cardiovascular. Pehea e wehewehe ai i ka endothelium, he aha kāna kuleana? He aha nā mea pilikia e alakaʻi ai i ka endothelial dysfunction?

Hoʻokumu ka endothelium vascular i ka pale cellular ma waena o ke kino a me ke koko. He kumu nui ia i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻano vasomotor o ka vascular permeability, ka leo a me ke ʻano o nā moku. ʻO nā pūnaewele Endothelial, i ka pane ʻana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana, e hoʻopuka i nā molekala hoʻoponopono.

No ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pilikia cardiovascular, no laila ʻo ka endothelium kahi mea mālama mua a me ka mea lapaʻau.

Ma lalo o ka mana o ka ʻelemakule a me nā kumu pilikia vascular, hiki ke hoʻāla ʻia ka endothelium a hana i nā hoʻololi hana e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kēia hana, a laila ʻōlelo kekahi i ka "endothelial dysfunction".

ʻO ka endothelial dysfunction ka mea i wehewehe ʻia ma ke ʻano he abnormality i ka endothelium-dependent vasodilation ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea vasodilator, e like me ka nitric oxide (NO), a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka endothelial activation. ʻO kēia hoʻouluʻana ke kumu o ka hoʻokuʻuʻiaʻana o nā molekele adhesion mai ka endothelium a me nā macrophages (nā pūnaewele no nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, e hoʻokomo i nāʻiʻo.

Aia nā kumu kuʻuna a me nā kumu kuʻuna ʻole.

Nā kumu pilikia kuʻuna

Ma waena o nā kumu kuʻuna, ʻike ʻia ka endothelial dysfunction i nā mea maʻi me ka pilikia cardiovascular, dyslipidemia, diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka paka, ka makahiki, a me ka hoʻoilina kekahi mau mea e noʻonoʻo ai.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia kuʻuna ʻole

Ma waena o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻaʻole kuʻuna, aia kahi imbalance i ka hana ʻana o ka vasodilator a i ʻole nā ​​mea vasoconstrictor e alakaʻi ai i kahi hoʻololi i ka hiki ke vasodilator o ka endothelium, ka mea hōʻailona nui o ka endothelial dysfunction.

ʻO ka hana Endothelial, mahalo i nā hopena vasculoprotective o ka nitric oxide (NO), pale i ke olakino cardiovascular.

ʻO ka endothelial dysfunction kahi mea e hoʻolaha ai i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi:

• Nā hanana cardiovascular;
• Ke kū'ē i ka insulin;
• Hyperglycemia;
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe ;
• Dyslipidémie.

ʻO nā lāʻau kōkua he statins, ka mea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol inā he maʻamau a piʻi iki paha ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol, a i kekahi mau hihia, aspirin a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau antiplatelet ʻē aʻe, nā lāʻau e pale ai i nā platelets mai ka hui ʻana a mai ka hana ʻana i nā poloka i loko o nā kīʻaha koko.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes kekahi e hoʻemi i ka pilikia.

ʻO nā ʻano o ka ʻike ʻana i ka endothelial dysfunction, invasive a i ʻole non-invasive, hana a biological paha, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka ʻike e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ʻike o ka pathophysiology cardiovascular a hiki i kekahi manawa, ke loiloi i ka pono o nā hana therapeutic. ma ka wānana o kekahi mau pūʻulu o nā maʻi.

I loko o nā kānaka, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka endothelial dysfunction ma ke ana ʻana:

• ʻO ka plasma concentrations o nā metabolites o dinitrogen monoxide (NO): kahi huahana paʻa ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia i loko o ke koko, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe ka hoʻoholo ʻana o kāna mau metabolites (nitrites a me nitrates) hiki ke hiki i ka mimi;
• ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka plasma o nā molekole adhesion: ke komo nei kēia mau mole i ke kaʻina inflammatory ma ka ʻae ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā monocytes i ka endothelium, a laila ko lākou neʻe ʻana i loko o ka paia o loko o nā ʻaʻa a me nā veins;
• Nā hōʻailona hōʻailona.

Hōʻike pū kekahi mau hōʻailona olaola i ka hana ʻole o ka endothelial. ʻO ka protein C-reactive kiʻekiʻe (CRP) a me ka extracellular superoxide dismutase (he ʻōnaehana enzyme ikaika) i waena o lākou.

No ka pale ʻana i ka endothelial dysfunction, nui nā hoʻolālā i manaʻo ʻia me ka ʻai. Hōʻike ʻia ke kuleana o nā mea meaʻai e like me fatty acids, antioxidant vitamins, folate, vitamin D a me polyphenols.

• ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka huaʻa D e alakaʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi cardiovascular a me ka maʻi diabetes type 2;
• Hiki i ke koʻikoʻi oxidative ke hoʻopili i ka hana endothelial ma o ka mumū a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka loaʻa NO;
• ʻO Lycopene, he antioxidant ikaika, e hoʻemi i nā māka no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka endothelium, ka protein C reactive, a me ke koko systolic a loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi i ke koʻikoʻi o ka oxidative;
• ʻO nā polyphenols i hāʻawi nui ʻia e nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, ka koko, ke kī a me ka waina ʻulaʻula. Hoʻopili ʻia kā lākou ʻai ʻana me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka maʻi cardiovascular.