ʻO ke kānāwai Pekelala o ka Russian Federation e pili ana i ka lawaiʻa a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai ola wai

ʻO ka lawaiʻa ʻaʻole wale he leʻaleʻa leʻaleʻa, akā he kuleana nui hoʻi i ke ʻano. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka heluna kanaka o nā ʻano waiwai ola wai ma mua o ka ʻoluʻolu pōkole. Eia hou, ua hāʻawi ke kānāwai i ke kuleana no nā pohō.

ʻO nā mea i ʻae ʻia a me nā mea ʻaʻole i hōʻike maopopo ʻia i loko o nā hana kānāwai kūpono, e kūkākūkā ʻia ma hope. No laila, he mea nui e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua iā ʻoe iho me nā mea nui, nā lula o ka lawaiʻa ma 2021 ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana i nā mea pio. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻohe kumu o ka naʻaupō i ke kānāwai.

Nā lula no ka lawaiʻa a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai ola wai ma 2021

Ua kākau ʻia nā lula kikoʻī no kahi lawaiʻa kikoʻī a ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻoponopono i ke kaʻina hana no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palekana o nā kumu wai. Ma muli o kēia ma nā kumuhana like ʻole, nā wahi wai, ʻokoʻa ke kūlana e pili ana i nā biospecies aquatic. Ma kekahi wahi, he nui na kanaka, a ma kekahi mau wahi wai, he mau mea make lakou. Akā ʻo nā lula āpau e pili ana i ke kānāwai nui N 166 - ke Kānāwai Pekelala "Ma ka lawaiʻa a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai ola wai."

Nā ʻōlelo maʻamau o ke kānāwai federal N 166 – FZ

Ua ʻae ʻia ke kānāwai federal ma Nowemapa 26, 2004 e ka State Duma, a ua ʻae ʻia e ka Federation Council i ka lā 8 Dekemaba. No ka laʻana, loaʻa nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole o ka wai, nā invertebrates, nā mammals aquatic, a me nā mea noho ʻē aʻe o nā wahi wai a me nā mea kanu i loko o ke kūlana kūʻokoʻa kūlohelohe. I ka huaʻōlelo, bioresources nā mea ola a pau e noho ana i loko o kahi waihona.

ʻAʻole ʻike pinepine ka poʻe lawaiʻa i nā manaʻo kumu. No ka laʻana, ʻo nā ʻano iʻa anadromous nā kumu waiwai ola e hānau ai (spawn) i loko o nā kino wai hou a neʻe i nā wai kai.

Aia nā ʻano iʻa e hana like ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi ke ʻano o ke kai, a ʻo ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa i lilo i ka wai maʻemaʻe. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he ʻano catadromous.

Hōʻike maopopo ke kānāwai i ke ʻano o ka ʻohi ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai ola wai. Ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo ia ka wehe ʻana i kahi ola wai mai kona wahi noho. Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, inā e moe ka iʻa i loko o kou waʻa a i ʻole ma kahakai, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia he pio (hopu).

Hāʻawi ka Paukū 9 o ka Paukū 1 i ka manaʻo o ka lawaiʻa, akā ʻoi aku ia e pili ana i nā hana lawaiʻa nui me ka ʻae, ka hana, ka hoʻouka hou ʻana, ka lawe ʻana, etc.

Eia kekahi, ma nā ʻōlelo maʻamau o ke kānāwai, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka lawaiʻa ʻoihana a me ke kahakai, ʻaʻohe mea pili i ka lawaiʻa maʻamau. ʻO ka mea nui e ʻike ʻo ia ka nui o ka hopu ʻae ʻia (helu 12). He waiwai kēia (kaumaha, nui), i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka ʻepekema ʻepekema e pili ana i ka ʻano.

Nā loina kumu, he aha nā kapu i kau ʻia

ʻO nā kumu nui:

• ka helu ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai ola wai no ke kumu o ko lākou mālama ʻana;
• ʻO ka mea nui o ka mālama ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai ola wai;
• ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano mea waiwai a me nā ʻano make;
• ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kānāwai;
• ke komo ʻana o nā kamaʻāina, nā hui lehulehu, nā hui kānāwai e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ke ola wai;
• e noʻonoʻo ana i ka pono o nā kamaʻāina no lākou ka lawaiʻa ke kumu waiwai nui;
• ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka nui o ka hana ʻana (ka lawaiʻa);
• ohi o na uku no ka hoohana ana i na hana ma na kino wai, kahi i haawiia.

No nā kapu, pili ke kānāwai N 166 i nā hana kānāwai ʻē aʻe. No nā lawaiʻa maʻamau, he mea nui ke kānāwai N 475 FZ "On Amateur Fishing". ʻO ka lawaiʻa leʻaleʻa e pili ana i ka ʻili ʻana (hopu) o nā kumuwaiwai ola wai e nā kamaʻāina i mea e hoʻokō ai i ko lākou pono pilikino.

Hoʻopili kēia Kānāwai Federal i ka helu hana o kēlā me kēia lā ma ke kumu maʻamau. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā helu kikoʻī hou aʻe ma nā hana kānāwai hoʻoponopono o nā wahi. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā wahi wai i nā mea wai koʻikoʻi o ka lawaiʻa. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mahiʻai kona mau lula a me nā kapu.

ʻAʻole ʻae ke kānāwai "ka lawaiʻa" i ka lawaiʻa leʻaleʻa ma nā kino wai ma lalo nei:

• nona nā kupa a i ʻole nā ​​hui kānāwai;
• nona ka 'Oihana o ka Puʻuhonua (ma kēia hihia, hiki ke kaupalena ʻia);
• ma nā loko iʻa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ke kānāwai o ka Russian Federation.

Eia kekahi, hoʻokomo ʻia nā kapu no kekahi mau manawa:

• hoʻohana i nā pūnaewele;
• ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea pahū, a me ka uila;
• lawaiʻa ma lalo o ka wai;
• nā wahi leʻaleʻa lehulehu;
• ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea uila e ʻike i nā kumu waiwai.

ʻO nā kīʻaha lawaiʻa a me nā kino wai koʻikoʻi o ka lawaiʻa

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā wahi wai i loko o nā kīʻaha e pili ana i ke kumuhana a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka huina, ʻewalu mau mahiʻai ma ka ʻāina o ka Russian Federation:

1. Azov – Ke Kai ʻEleʻele.
2. Baikal.
3. Volga-Caspian.
4. Siberia Hikina.
5. Hikina loa.
6. Siberia Komohana.
7. Komohana.
8. ʻĀkau.

Loaʻa iā lākou nā waihona kai, nā muliwai, nā loko a me nā waihona ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike ʻia ka papa inoa ma ke kānāwai N 166 "No ka lawaiʻa a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kumu waiwai ola wai" ma ka ʻatikala 17. Hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻike kikoʻī hou aku ma ka appendix o kēia kānāwai.

ʻO ka wahi kaulana loa no ka lawaiʻa ʻo Astrakhan basin. Aia kahi koho nui o nā hale leʻaleʻa me ka manawa kūpono no ka poʻe lawaiʻa e hoʻokō i kā lākou pono. Eia kekahi, ua maikaʻi ke aniau no kahi leʻaleʻa leʻaleʻa.

ʻO nā ʻano lawaiʻa i hiki i nā kupa a me nā hui kānāwai ke hana

Hōʻike ʻia ka papa inoa o nā ʻano i loko o 166 Federal Laws a me ʻehiku mau ʻano. No laila, ʻae ʻia nā kamaʻāina a me nā hui kānāwai e hana i kēia mau ʻano lawaiʻa:

• ʻoihana;
• kahakai;
• no ka ʻepekema a me ka mana hoʻomalu;
• hoʻonaʻauao a moʻomeheu - hoʻonaʻauao;
• no ka hana i'a;
• kamaʻilio;
• i mea e mālama ai i ka hoʻokele waiwai kuʻuna o nā kānaka o ka ʻĀkau mamao, Siberia, a me ka Hikina.

I mea e komo ai i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana, pono e hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ke kanaka ma ke ʻano he hui kānāwai a i ʻole he ʻoihana hoʻokahi. ʻAʻole pāpā ʻia nā kamaʻāina ʻē e komo i nā hana ʻoihana ma ke kahua lawaiʻa ma ka ʻāina o ka Russian Federation.

Nā lula a me nā pāpā no ka lawaiʻa leʻaleʻa

I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā lula lawaiʻa 2021. I kēia manawa hiki ke lawe ʻia ka lawaiʻa amateur no nā kamaʻāina o ka Russian Federation kokoke i nā wahi āpau. Noho ʻia nā wahi mālama, nā kahu hānai, nā loko a me nā mahiʻai ʻē aʻe ma lalo o ka pāpā.

Hiki ke hana ʻia ka lawaiʻa leʻaleʻa ma nā lawaiʻa moʻomeheu, akā me ka ʻae wale nō. Ua hāʻawi ʻia ka mana i ka mālama ʻana i nā lula o ka lawaiʻa i nā luna hoʻomalu lawaiʻa. ʻO lākou ka mea nāna e ʻae.

Wahi a ke kānāwai lawaiʻa, pono e loaʻa i nā kamaʻāina kahi palapala ʻike me lākou. ʻO kona haʻalele ʻana e manaʻo ʻia he uhaki i nā lula. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā lula o ka lawaiʻa leʻaleʻa 2021 e kuhikuhi i ka mālama ʻana i ke kauoha ma nā kino wai, me ke kahakai.

Wahi a nā lula o ka lawaiʻa ma 2021, ua pāpā ʻia:

1. Hoʻohana i nā ʻano mea hana hou a me nā ʻano o ka unuhi ʻana, me ka ʻole o ka ʻae kūpono.
2. Aia ma kahi kokoke i nā kino wai me nā mea lawaiʻa kapu ʻia.
3. E hoʻohana i ʻelua a ʻoi aʻe lāʻau koʻokoʻo i kēlā me kēia kanaka, a me ʻelua a ʻoi aʻe paha nā makau i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana.

He ʻokoʻa paha ka helu hope ma muli o ke kumuhana. ʻAe kekahi i hoʻokahi makau, a ʻae kekahi i ʻelua. No ka ʻike hou aku, e ʻoluʻolu e nānā i nā lula lawaiʻa kūloko.

 No ka poʻe aloha i ka lawaiʻa ihe, aia kekahi mau kapu. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka hele ʻana o nā mea scuba. Akā i ka manawa like, ua ʻae ʻia ka hopu ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi harpoon a me kahi pū harpoon-type.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi moku lana ʻaʻole i kākau inoa ʻia a ʻaʻohe helu ʻaoʻao i manaʻo ʻia he uhaki i nā lula lawaiʻa. Pili i nā ʻano lawaiʻa a pau.

ʻO nā wā kapu loa o ka makahiki he pūnāwai a me ke kauwela mua. ʻO ia ka manawa e hoʻohua ai. He mea koʻikoʻi nā kapu.

Kuleana no ka hana hewa ma ka lawaia

Hoʻokumu pū ke kānāwai no ka lawaiʻa i ke kuleana. ʻO ka uhaki ʻana i ke kānāwai i ka lawaiʻa e pili ana i ka hoʻokau ʻana i ka uku hoʻokele mai 2 a 5 tausani rubles ma luna o nā kānaka e like me ka Paukū 8.37 o ke Code of Administrative Offenses o Russia. No nā luna mai 20 a 30 tausani, a no nā hui kānāwai mai 100 a 200 tausani rubles. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka pū a me nā moku wai e hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

Hāʻawi pū ia i ka uku hoʻomalu no ka loaʻa ʻole o ka palapala lawaiʻa. Ua kūpono ia ma lalo o ka Paukū 7.11 o ke Code of Administrative Offenses o ka Russian Federation a hāʻawi i ka uku o 3-5 tausani rubles no nā kamaʻāina. No nā luna 5-10 tausani a no nā hui kānāwai 50-100 tausani.

Hiki ke hoʻopaʻi ʻia nā kamaʻāina no ka loaʻa ʻole o ka palapala hōʻoia kūpono i ka wā e holo ana i kahi moku liʻiliʻi. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia kēia hoʻopaʻi ma ka Paukū 11.8.1 o ke Code of Administrative Offenses a hāʻawi i ka uku o 10 a 15 tausani. No ka pale ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi tikiki moku a i ʻole kope notarized me ʻoe.

ʻAʻole ka hoʻopaʻi wale nō ke kuleana hoʻokele. No nā hewa koʻikoʻi, hāʻawi pū ʻia ka hewa kalaima. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka unuhi ʻana o nā kānaka wai i ka wā spawning me nā mea hana i pāpā ʻia (means) a me nā ʻano hana i kūpono ʻia e ka Paukū 256 o ka Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

ʻO ka lawaiʻa hewa ʻole a i ʻole ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano waiwai olaola, ʻo ia hoʻi i helu ʻia ma ka Red Book. Ma keia hihia, Art. 258.1 o ka Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻokolokolo a i ʻole ka hana koi a hiki i 480 mau hola, a i ʻole ka hale paʻahao a hiki i 4 mau makahiki me ka uku a hiki i ka 1 miliona rubles. Hoʻopaʻi ʻia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kahi reservoir e ka uku hoʻokele o 500 - 1000 rubles e like me ka Paukū 8.13 o ke Code of Administrative Offenses.

Panina

He mea nui ka ʻike ʻaʻole wale i ka lawaiʻa a me ke ʻano o ka maunu, akā ʻo ke kānāwai lawaiʻa 2021, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā bila hou. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā loli. A i ʻole, hiki iā ʻoe ke holo i nā pilikia, a i kekahi mau hihia koʻikoʻi loa. I ʻole e uhaki i ke kānāwai, pono ʻoe e ʻike!