Pono e noʻonoʻo hou i nā pono a pau o ka hoʻololi genetic. Cons, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka nui. Hiki i kekahi ke koho wale: he aha nā mea i ʻike ʻia i ka biotechnology a me nā genetics e kāhāhā iā mākou i ke kenekulia XNUMX.
Me he mea lā hiki i ka ʻepekema ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka pōloli, ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou, hoʻololi i nā kumu o ka mahiʻai, nā meaʻai a me nā ʻoihana olakino. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo ke koho kuʻuna, i noho ʻia no nā kaukani mau makahiki, he hana lohi a paʻakikī, a ua kaupalena ʻia nā hiki o ka intraspecific crossing. Loaʻa i ke kanaka ka manawa e neʻe ai i mua me ia mau ʻanuʻu snail? Ke ulu nei ka heluna kanaka o ka Honua, a laila aia ka hoʻomehana honua, ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ke aniau, ʻaʻole wai.
nā moeʻuhane nani
ʻO ke kauka maikaʻi ʻo Aibolit, aia ma ka hale hana o ke kenekulia XXI, ke hoʻomākaukau nei i ke ola no mākou! Hoʻopili ʻia me nā microscopes o ka hanauna hou loa, ma lalo o nā kukui neon, hoʻolalelale ʻo ia ma luna o nā ipu a me nā paipu hoʻāʻo. A eia ʻo ia: nā ʻōmato kupanaha i hoʻololi ʻia i ka genetically, ka meaʻai e like me ka pilaf waiwai, hoʻonui i ka helu kupaianaha ma nā ʻāina maloʻo o Afghanistan.
ʻAʻole hoʻolei hou ʻo ʻAmelika i nā pōkā ma nā ʻāina ʻilihune a me ka hakakā. I kēia manawa ke waiho nei ʻo ia i nā hua GM mai nā mokulele. Ua lawa kekahi mau mokulele e hoʻololi i kekahi wahi i māla hua.
A pehea nā mea kanu e hoʻohua ai i ka wahie no mākou a i ʻole kekahi mea pono a pono? I ka manawa like, ʻaʻohe haumia o ke kaiapuni, ʻaʻohe mea kanu a me nā hale hana. Ua kanu au i ʻelua mau lāʻau rose ma ka māla mua a i ʻole kahi moena o nā daisies e ulu wikiwiki ana, a i kēlā me kēia kakahiaka e ʻoki ʻoe i ka biofuel mai loko mai o lākou.
ʻO kekahi papahana hoihoi loa, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻano lāʻau kūikawā, i hoʻokala ʻia no ka assimilation o nā metala kaumaha a me nā ʻano pelapela ʻē aʻe mai ka lewa a me ka lepo. Ke kanu nei ʻoe i kahi ala ma kahi kokoke i kekahi mea kanu kemika mua - a hiki iā ʻoe ke kūkulu i kahi pā pāʻani ma kahi kokoke.
A ma Hong Kong ua hana mua lākou i kahi ʻano iʻa nani e hoʻoholo ai i ka haumia wai. Hoʻomaka ka iʻa e ʻālohilohi i nā waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole ma muli o ke ʻano ʻino o ko lākou kino i loko o ka wai.
ʻIke
A ʻaʻole ia he moeʻuhane wale nō. Ua hoʻohana lōʻihi nā miliona o nā kānaka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau genetically engineered: insulin, interferon, ka maʻi hepatitis B, e inoa i kekahi.
Ua hoʻokokoke ke kanaka i ka laina, i ka hele ʻana i hiki iā ia ke hoʻolālā kūʻokoʻa ʻaʻole wale i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a me nā ʻano holoholona, akā, ʻo ia hoʻi.
Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i nā mea ola e like me nā mea waiwai-ʻaila, pōhaku, a pēlā aku-e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā hui iā lākou i ka wā ʻoihana.
Hiki iā mākou ke lanakila i ka maʻi, ka ʻilihune, ka pōloli.
aku o ka lanakila
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, e like me nā mea paʻakikī, ʻo ka hana ʻana o nā huahana GM he mau ʻaoʻao maikaʻi ʻole. ʻIke ʻia ka moʻolelo o ka pepehi kanaka nui ʻana o nā mahiʻai India i banekorupa ma hope o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā hua GM mai TNC Monsanto.
A laila ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole lawe wale nā ʻenehana hana mana i nā pono waiwai, akā ʻaʻole kūpono i ke aniau kūloko. Ma waho aʻe o kēia, he mea ʻole ka mālama ʻana i nā hua no ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, ʻaʻole lākou i ulu. No ka hui lākou a, e like me nā "hana" ʻē aʻe, pono e kūʻai hou ʻia mai ka mea nona ka patent. Hoʻopili pū ʻia nā mea kanu i hana ʻia e ka hui like. Ua lilo nō hoʻi lākou i ke kālā, a me ka ʻole o lākou, ʻaʻole pono nā hua. ʻO ka hopena, ua loaʻa mua nā tausani o ka poʻe i ka ʻaiʻē, a laila banekorupa, nalowale ko lākou ʻāina, a laila inu i nā pesticides Monsanto, a pepehi iā lākou iho.
No nā ʻāina ʻilihune a mamao aku paha kēia moʻolelo. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻaʻole ke kō ke ola ma laila me ka ʻole o nā huahana GM. Ma nā ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia, me ka heluna kanaka naʻauao, me ke aupuni e kiaʻi ana i ka pono o kona mau makaʻāinana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana kēia.
Inā hele ʻoe i kekahi o nā bioshops pipiʻi ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Manhattan (e like me Whole Food) a i ʻole ka mākeke mahiʻai ma Union Square ma New York, e ʻike ʻoe iā ʻoe iho i waena o nā poʻe ʻōpio kūpono me ka ʻili maikaʻi. Ma ka mākeke mahiʻai, koho lākou i nā ʻōleʻa liʻiliʻi, ʻeleʻele i ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai ma mua o nā ʻōlaʻi nani o ka nui like ma kahi hale kūʻai maʻamau. Ma nā pahu āpau, nā pahu, nā pūʻolo, nā palapala nui e hoʻonani: "bio", "ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā mea GM", "ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka syrup kulina" a pēlā aku.
Ma Upper Manhattan, ma nā hale kūʻai kaulahao liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ma kahi e noho ai ka poʻe ʻilihune, ʻokoʻa loa ka pūʻolo meaʻai. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā pūʻolo e haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e pili ana i ko lākou kumu, akā haʻaheo e ʻōlelo: "I kēia manawa 30% hou aku no ke kālā like."
Ma waena o nā mea kūʻai aku i nā hale kūʻai liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe kaumaha kaumaha. Hiki iā ʻoe, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ke manaʻo "ʻai lākou e like me nā puaʻa, inā ʻoe e ʻai i nā bio-apples i kēlā ʻano nui, a laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻemi." Akā, he wahi moot kēia.
ʻAi ʻia nā meaʻai GM e ka poʻe ʻilihune ma ʻAmelika a me ke koena o ka honua. Ma ʻEulopa, ua kaupalena ʻia ka hana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā huahana GM, a ʻo nā huahana āpau i ʻoi aku ma mua o 1% GM e pili ana i ka lepili pono. A ʻike ʻoe, kahaha, he kakaikahi ka poʻe momona ma ʻEulopa, ʻoiai ma nā wahi ʻilihune.
ʻO wai ka mea e pono ai kēia mau mea a pau?
No laila, ʻauhea nā tōmato evergreen a me nā ʻāpala huaora? No ke aha i makemake ai ka poʻe waiwai a nani i nā huahana mai kahi māla maoli, aʻo ka poʻe ʻilihune e hānai ʻia i "nā hana hou loa"? ʻAʻole nui nā meaʻai GM ma ka honua. Ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka soybeans, ke kulina, ka pulupulu, a me ka ʻuala i mea kūʻai nui.
Eia ka papa inoa o nā hiʻohiʻona o GM soy:
1. Hoʻomalu ʻia kahi mea kanu GM mai nā mea ʻino e kahi gene kūʻē pesticide. ʻO ka hui Monsanta, ka mea kūʻai aku i nā hua GM me nā pesticides, ua hoʻolako i nā hua hana mana me ka hiki ke kū i kahi "hoʻouka kemika" e pepehi i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Ma muli o kēia neʻe ʻana i ka ʻoihana akamai, hoʻokele lākou e kūʻai aku i nā hua a me nā pollinators.
No laila ua kuhihewa ka poʻe e manaʻo nei ʻaʻole pono nā mea kanu GM i ka mālama ʻana i nā māla me nā pesticides.
2. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hua GM. ʻO ka hōʻole ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i kā lākou mau hua ponoʻī, kūʻai nā mea mahiʻai (a i ʻole nā ʻāina holoʻokoʻa) i nā hua mai kahi hui pilikino i kahi ʻoihana i hiki i nā pae o ka monopolization. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka mea e hiki mai ana inā ʻo ka hui nona nā hua a i ʻole nā patent e lilo i alakaʻi hewa, naʻaupō, a i ʻole nā alakaʻi poʻokela. ʻO kēlā me kēia dystopia e like me nā moʻolelo moʻolelo a nā keiki. E pili ana i ka palekana meaʻai.
3. Me ka gene o kekahi ʻano waiwai, no nā kumu ʻenehana, hoʻoili ʻia nā genes marker resistance antibiotic i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka bacteria i loko o ka mea kanu. Aia nā manaʻo like ʻole e pili ana i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēlā ʻano gene i nā huahana i manaʻo ʻia no ka ʻai kanaka.
Eia mākou i ka nīnau nui. No ke aha au e pilikia ai? ʻOiai he wahi liʻiliʻi wale nō? ʻAʻohe o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona i lawe mai iaʻu iho ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai hope o ka huahana i nā ʻāpana. ʻAʻole wale nā huaora kupaianaha a i ʻole nā meaʻai laʻa, akā kekahi mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻono.
A laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā meaʻai GM mai ka ʻike waiwai a ke alakaʻi nei ka poʻe mahiʻai i kēia lā i ke ola ʻoluʻolu o nā kākau ʻōlelo panakō? ʻOiai ʻo kā lākou GM soy e hakakā ponoʻī i ka mauʻu a hoʻohua mai i nā hua kupaianaha, ke hoʻolilo nei lākou i nā hola leʻaleʻa i loko o nā loko a me nā gym?
ʻO Argentina kekahi o nā ʻāina i komo a lōʻihi loa i ka hoʻoponopono GM o ka mahiʻai. No ke aha i lohe ʻole ai kākou i ka pōmaikaʻi o kā lākou poʻe mahiʻai a i ʻole ka pōmaikaʻi waiwai o ka ʻāina? I ka manawa like, ʻo ʻEulopa, ka mea e hoʻokau mau nei i nā mea paʻa i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā huahana GM, hopohopo e pili ana i ka nui o nā huahana mahiʻai.
Ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana GM ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻaʻole pono e poina kekahi e loaʻa i nā mahiʻai ʻAmelika nā haʻawina nui mai ko lākou aupuni. ʻAʻole no kekahi mea, akā no nā ʻano GM, nā hua a me nā mea kanu i kūʻai ʻia e nā ʻoihana biotech nui loa.
No ke aha mākou, ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai aku, e kākoʻo i ka hana ʻana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā huahana GM ʻaʻole e lawe mai i kahi pōmaikaʻi, akā maopopo ka waiho ʻana i ka mākeke meaʻai o ka honua ma lalo o ka mana o nā TNC nunui?
Manaʻo lehulehu
Inā ʻoe iā Google "GM foods" e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi papa inoa lōʻihi o nā loulou i nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma waena o kā lākou poʻe kākoʻo a me nā hoa paio.
Nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa no” e hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:
"He aha, makemake ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka holomua ʻepekema?"
- I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe mea pōʻino i loaʻa i nā meaʻai GM, a ʻaʻohe mea palekana loa.
- Makemake ʻoe e ʻai i nā pesticides i ninini ʻia ma luna o nā kāloti i kēia lā? He manawa kūpono ʻo GM e hoʻopau i nā lāʻau pesticides a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻomake iā mākou a me ka lepo.
ʻIke nā ʻoihana i kā lākou hana. ʻAʻohe hana naʻaupō ma laila. Na ka mākeke e mālama i nā mea a pau.
- Uaʻikeʻia nā'ōmaʻomaʻo a me nā mea hana kaiaulu'ē aʻe no ko lākou lapuwale a me ka naʻaupō. He mea maikaʻi e pāpā iā lākou.
Hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu ʻia kēia mau ʻōlelo hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma ke ʻano he politika-hoʻokele waiwai. Kāhea ʻia nā kamaʻāina e pani a ʻaʻole e nīnau i nā nīnau he nui aʻo ka poʻe loea mai nā TNCs a me ka lima ʻike ʻole o ka mākeke e hoʻonohonoho i ka holomua a me ka pōmaikaʻi a puni mākou.
ʻO ka mea kākau kaulana ʻAmelika ʻo Jeremy Riffkin, ka mea kākau o ka puke The Biotech Century: Harnessing the Gene and Remaking the World, i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka biotechnology, manaʻoʻiʻo hiki i nā ʻenehana GM ke lawe mai i ke ola kanaka mai nā pōʻino a me nā mea hou he nui. Aia nā mea a pau i ka mea a me ke kumu i kūkulu ʻia ai kēia mau ʻenehana. ʻO ke kumu kānāwai i loko o nā ʻoihana biotech hou, ʻo ia ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, kahi hopohopo nui.
A ʻoiai he ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki i nā kamaʻāina ke waiho i nā hana a nā TNC ma lalo o ka mana maoli o ka lehulehu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i kahi hoʻokolokolo kūʻokoʻa nui a kūʻokoʻa o nā huahana GM, hoʻopau i nā patent no nā mea ola, ka pono e hooki i ka hoolaha ana i na huahana GM.
I kēia manawa, e hana nā ʻepekema i nā mea kupanaha i nā hale hana mokuʻāina. Malia paha e hiki iā lākou ke hana i kahi tōmato mau loa a me kahi rose magic e pili ana i nā poʻe a pau o ka Honua. E hana no ka pono o ka nohona, ʻaʻole ka waiwai.