Ma kēia hoʻolaha, e noʻonoʻo mākou i ka wehewehe, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me nā waiwai o kekahi o nā ʻano geometric nui - he triangle. E kālailai pū mākou i nā laʻana o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia e hoʻohui i nā mea i hōʻike ʻia.
Wehewehe o ka huinakolu
triangle – He kiʻi geometric kēia ma ka mokulele, nona nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu, i hana ʻia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ʻekolu mau kiko i moe ʻole ma ka laina pololei hoʻokahi. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi hōʻailona kūikawā no ka koho ʻana - △.
- ʻO nā kiko A, B a me C nā piko o ka huinakolu.
- ʻO nā ʻāpana AB, BC a me AC nā ʻaoʻao o ka huinakolu, i hōʻike pinepine ʻia me ka leka Latin hoʻokahi. No ka laʻana, AB= a, BC = b, A ME = c.
- ʻO ka loko o ka huinakolu ka ʻāpana o ka mokulele i kaupalena ʻia e nā ʻaoʻao o ka huinakolu.
ʻO nā ʻaoʻao o ka huinakolu ma nā ʻaoʻao he ʻekolu mau kihi, i hōʻike ʻia e nā leka Helene - α, β, γ a pela aku. No keia mea, ua kapaia ka huinakolu he polygon me na kihi ekolu.
Hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā kihi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hōʻailona kūikawā "∠"
- α – ∠BAC a i ʻole ∠CAB
- β – ∠ABC a i ʻole ∠CBA
- γ – ∠ACB a i ʻole ∠BCA
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻekolu
Ma muli o ka nui o nā kihi a i ʻole ka helu o nā ʻaoʻao like, ʻokoʻa nā ʻano kiʻi penei:
1. acute-angled – he huinakolu me na huina ekolu a pau, o ka emi iho o 90°.
2. hopu He huinakolu i oi aku kekahi o na huina mamua o 90°. ʻO nā kihi ʻelua ʻē aʻe he acute.
3. NĀ KAHUKO – he huinakolu i pololei kekahi o na huina, oia hoi he 90°. I loko o ia kiʻi, ua kapa ʻia nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua e hana i kahi kihi ʻākau i nā wāwae (AB a me AC). ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e kū pono ana i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau ka hypotenuse (BC).
4. Versatile He huinakolu i like ole ka loa o na aoao a pau.
5. Isosceles – he huinakolu nona na aoao like elua, i kapaia he aoao aoao (AB a me BC). ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻekolu ke kumu (AC). Ma keia kii, ua like na huina kumu (∠BAC = ∠BCA).
6. Kaulike (a pololei paha) He huinakolu i like ka loa o na aoao a pau. He 60° kona mau huina a pau.
Na Waiwai Triangle
1. Ua emi kekahi aoao o ka huinakolu i na aoao elua, aka, ua oi aku ko laua like ole. No ka maʻalahi, ʻae mākou i nā inoa maʻamau o nā ʻaoʻao - a, b и с… A laila:
b – c < a < b + cAt b > c
Hoʻohana ʻia kēia waiwai e hoʻāʻo i nā ʻāpana laina e ʻike inā hiki iā lākou ke hana i kahi huinakolu.
2. He 180° ka huina o na huina o kekahi huinakolu. Ma muli o kēia waiwai i loko o ka huinakolu obtuse, ʻelua mau ʻaoʻao ʻelua.
3. Ma kekahi huinakolu, aia kekahi huina nui e ku pono ana i ka aoao nui, a pela no hoi.
Nā laʻana o nā hana
Hana 1
Elua huina i ikeia ma ka huinakolu, 32° a me 56°. E huli i ka waiwai o ka huina kolu.
pāʻoihana
E lawe kākou i nā kihi i ʻike ʻia α (32°) a β (56°), a me ka mea i ike ole ia - ma hope γ.
E like me ka waiwai e pili ana i ka huina o na huina a pau, a+b+c = 180 °.
ʻO ke kumu iho, ʻo γ = 180° – a – b = 180 ° – 32 ° – 56 ° = 92 °.
Hana 2
Hāʻawi ʻia i ʻekolu ʻāpana o ka lōʻihi 4, 8 a me 11. E ʻike inā hiki iā lākou ke hana i kahi huinakolu.
pāʻoihana
E haku mākou i nā like ʻole no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i hāʻawi ʻia, ma muli o ka waiwai i kūkākūkā ʻia ma luna.
11 – 4 <8 <11 + 4
8 – 4 <11 <8 + 4
11 – 8 <4 <11 + 8
Ua pololei lākou a pau, no laila, hiki i kēia mau ʻāpana ke lilo i ʻaoʻao o kahi huinakolu.