Ke ulu nei i ka ʻuala: nā pono nui a me nā pono o ka moʻomeheu

He aha nā kūlana e pono ai nā mea kanu?

ʻO ka ʻuala ponoʻī no ka ʻuala a ua manaʻo ʻia he hua ʻokoʻa. Akā hiki ke hānai ʻia ma ke ala waena a ma Siberia.

Manaʻo kekahi poʻe loea ʻo ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻuala ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana ma mua o ka "extraction" o ka ʻuala. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻopā ʻia. A ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pōmaikaʻi.

Ma ko mākou latitu, ulu ka ʻuala ma ka lepo māmā a makemake i ka wai maʻalahi. He mea maikaʻi loa ke loaʻa i ka lepo ka nui o ka nitrogen content, a he one one me kahi pae acidity o 5,5-6,5. I ka wā e ulu ai, pālahalaha ka mea kanu ma ka ʻāina a, me he mea lā, uhi ʻia a hoʻopaʻa i ka mauʻu. 

ʻO ka mahana ʻoluʻolu loa no kona oʻo ʻana a me ka hua maikaʻi he + 25-30 degere. I nā hihia kahi e hāʻule ai ka mahana a emi iho ma mua o ka māka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e lohi nui ka ulu ʻana o ka mea kanu. Ke hōʻike ʻia ka thermometer + 10C, ʻaʻole hiki ke ulu i ka ʻuala, no ka mea ma lalo o ia mau kūlana make ka mea kanu.

ʻO ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni kahi i loaʻa ai ka ʻuala e hilinaʻi ʻia i kona hua, nā ʻano ʻono.

Video "Ke ulu nei i nā mea kanu"

Mai ke wikiō e aʻo ai ʻoe pehea e ulu pono ai i nā mea kanu ʻuala no ke kanu ʻana.

Ke ulu nei i nā mea kanu

Ma ka home, hiki iā ʻoe ke ulu i nā hua ʻuala mai nā hua a i ʻole nā ​​ʻuala. Ma keʻano he kūlana, pilikia ka loaʻaʻana o nāʻanoʻano ma nā hale kūʻai māla maʻamau; hiki ke kauoha ʻia ma o nā hale kūʻai pūnaewele kūikawā a aʻo ʻia mai nā mahiʻai. Akā e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka wā e kūʻai ai ma o ka pūnaewele, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ʻoe iho me nā loiloi a me ka hilinaʻi o ka hale kūʻai i koho ʻia. 

ʻO ke kumu no ke kanu ʻana: ʻo ka lepo palupalu, humus, ke one. Pono nā ʻāpana a pau i ka nui like. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka ʻāina maʻalahi i lawe ʻia mai ka māla. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻaʻohe ona trace element, a ʻo ka lua, loaʻa paha i nā pests a i ʻole ka maʻi.

I mea e ulu ai i nā hua ʻuala i loko o nā pahu kūikawā, pono e ninini i ka hopena o ka lepo lepo a paʻi i nā hua ʻaʻole hohonu loa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia kaʻina hana i ka makahiki ʻelua o Pepeluali. Hoʻopili ʻia nā pahu i hoʻopau ʻia me ka foil a waiho ʻia ma kahi mahana. ʻO ka mea nui ʻaʻole e poina, e hoʻoinu i ka mea kanu e hiki mai ana.

No ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻuala, pono nā ʻōpuʻu e hiki i 15-20 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka mahana o ka lepo i ka manawa like ma kahi kūlana o +15 degere.

Ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana i kahi mea kanu no nā moena, pono ia e lawe i kahi "papa o kahi ʻōpio hakakā". Ma kahi o 14 mau lā ma mua o ka "neʻe" hope loa, lawe ʻia nā pahu me nā mea kanu i ka ea hou a waiho ʻia ma laila no kekahi mau hola. Hana ʻia kēia i mea e maʻa ai ka mea kanu i ka ʻokoʻa wela a paʻakikī.

Hoʻoulu ʻia nā ʻōpala i Ianuali a i Pepeluali mai nā hua i kūʻai ʻia ma mua. E kanu iā lākou i loko o nā pahu a i ʻole nā ​​ipu. Me kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i lalo, ua paʻi ʻia nā hua, me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i kahi substrate kūikawā. Kāpīpī ʻia ma luna me kahi ʻāpana 3-cm o ke one coarse-grained. Hana ʻia kēia i mea e puka mai ai ka maʻu nui mai ka lepo. No laila, ʻaʻole e pala nā mea kanu. No ka hilinaʻi piha i ka hopena kūleʻa a i mea e huli ai nā hua ʻuala i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe a mākaukau no ka hoʻololi ʻana, ua wili ʻia nā lua ma lalo o ka pahu / ipu.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻauʻau mua i ka ʻuala i loko o kahi hopena o ka copper sulphate, e kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o kekahi maʻi. 

ʻO ka mahana maikaʻi loa no ka ulu ʻana o ka tubers he + 17-27 degere. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e poina e pili ana i ka wai maʻamau. Hōʻike nā wana mua ma hope o 1 mahina. Hoʻokahi hua o ka mea kanu e hāʻawi i nā ʻokiʻoki 5-10, a lawe ʻia nā ʻōpuʻu ma ka awelika 6 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia 8-10 mau lā.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā internodes mai ka tuber a hoʻololi ʻia i loko o nā ipuhao i mea e haki ai ke aʻa. Akā hiki ke waiho ʻia i loko o ka wai a kanu ʻia paha i loko o ka māla, akā ma lalo o ka mahana ma waho +25 degere. E like me nā hua kanu, pono lākou e paʻakikī a maʻa i nā kukuna o ka lā.

E ulu i nā mea kanu mai nā hua o nā mea i mālama ʻole ʻia i loko o ka friji a ʻaʻole i hana ʻia no ka mālama lōʻihi. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻuala i lawe ʻia mai nā mahiʻai, ʻaʻole i nā hale kūʻai.

ʻenehana pae ʻana

Pono ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻuala ma ka ʻāina ākea i nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e koho i nā wahi mālie.

ʻO ka honua i ka wā hāʻule i ʻeli ʻia a hoʻonui ʻia me ka humus, ka manure pala a i ʻole ka potassium sulfate. Inā loaʻa ka acidity kiʻekiʻe i ka lepo, a laila pono e hōʻemi ʻia me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka limestone. I ka pūnāwai, ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i ka mea kanu e hiki mai ana, e hoʻomoʻi i ka lepo me ka ammonium nitrate a wehe iā ia.

ʻEli ʻia nā lua ma kahi o 15 cm ka hohonu, kanu ʻia kahi mea kanu mua. ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā lālani he 70 knm ka liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka mamao ma waena o nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia ma kahi o 30 cm, no laila he mea maikaʻi no ka ʻohi ʻana i kahi ʻohi maikaʻi. ʻO kēia kumu o ka noho ʻana e kōkua i ka hana ʻana i kahi "kāpena" maoli o nā lau i ka wā e hiki mai ana a pale aku i ka nalowale wikiwiki o ka lepo mai ka lepo.

Ua kanu ʻia lākou i hohonu ka internodes i 2 kenimika ma lalo o ka lepo. No ka mālama ʻana mai ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mahana, ua uhi ʻia nā mea kanu ʻuala me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a i ʻole nā ​​hue plastik. Inā ua aʻa ka mea kanu ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, a laila hoʻomaka nā lau hou i loko.

mālama mea kanu

ʻO ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka mea kanu e hiki mai ana he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa, akā pono ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i nā nuances o ka mālama ʻana. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā hōʻailona wela, e pale i ka nui o ka hiki mai nā hāʻule a me ka makani anuanu.

No ka hoʻoinu ʻana, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he nui ka wai o ka ʻuala, akā i ka mahina mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e "hoʻopiha" a hoʻonohonoho i nā puddles, e hoʻonāukiuki i ka stagnation o ka wai. Hana ʻia ka hoʻoinu ʻana i ka wā e maloʻo iki ai ka topsoil. Hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka germination me ka lehu lāʻau, i hoʻokomo ʻia no 2-3 mau pule i ka wai.

Pono e pale ʻia ka ʻaʻa ʻana i nā node. Hoʻopilikia nui kēia i ka maikaʻi o nā ʻuala. Ke hele a puni, ʻoki i nā aʻa ma lalo o nā lau.

I ka wa e ohi ai?

ʻO ka manawa o ka ʻeli ʻuala ma muli o kekahi mau mea nui. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ia ka manawa kanu, nā ʻano like ʻole a me ka ʻāina. Ma muli o ke ʻano o kēia huahana, hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka wā maturation i ka lepo (e mau ana mai 3 a 6 mau mahina).

ʻO ka hōʻailona nui o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana ʻo nā ʻōpala melemele a me nā lau ma nā lāʻau. ʻO ka pinepine, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hōʻiliʻili i ka wā mahana a ʻaʻole ua, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea kanu ʻai i ka manawa a me ka wikiwiki. Ma hope o ka ʻeli ʻana, maloʻo no kekahi mau hola i ka ea hou. Akā ʻoiai kēia, aia kekahi mau ʻano i hiki ke ʻeli ʻia ma hope o ka hau mua.

ʻO ka maʻamau ka nui o ka hua mai 1 a 2 kg / m2. ʻO ka ʻohi ʻana, i mea e mālama ai i ka pono o nā ʻuala, ʻōlelo ʻia me ka pitchfork, no ka mea, ua manaʻo ʻia ka maʻalahi o ka ʻuala. Pono e mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana i loko o nā pahu liʻiliʻi a ma kahi mahana o 8 a 15 degere. Hōʻike - 4-7 mau lā, lumi wela 25-30C.

He mea nui nā kūlana no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻuala i mea e mālama ai i ka mea kanu i ke kūlana maikaʻi no ka manawa lōʻihi.

ʻAʻole pilikia nui ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻuala ma ke ala waena, ʻo ka mea nui e hahai i kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me ka ʻōnaehana ulu nui.

Video "Hoʻonui i ka hua"

Mai ke wikiō e aʻo ai ʻoe pehea e hoʻonui ai i ka hua o ka ʻuala.