HDL - ka "maikaʻi" cholesterol, akā ʻaʻole kōkua mau

Hiki nō hoʻi ke hōʻeha i ka naʻau i ka poʻe i loaʻa nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol maikaʻi. E ʻike i ke kumu ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻo HDL iā mākou mai ka atherosclerosis a me nā mea huna e hūnā ʻia mai iā mākou.

1. Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka cholesterol i "maikaʻi" a me "ʻino"
2. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua manaʻo ʻia kekahi hakina he maikaʻi ʻole, a ʻo ka hapa ʻē aʻe i ʻōlelo ʻia ma kahi ʻano maikaʻi
3. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia. Hiki i ka cholesterol "maikaʻi" ke hōʻeha
4. Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻike hou aku ma ka ʻaoʻao home Onet.

Nui nā inoa o Cholesterol! ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano kaulana loa o ke kino o ke kanaka ʻo ia ka HDL (pōkole no ka lipoprotein kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe), i kapa ʻia e nā kauka he cholesterol maikaʻi. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina he hopena palekana kona kiʻekiʻe i ke koko, e hōʻemi ana i ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka atherosclerosis, ʻo ia ka maʻi koʻikoʻi o nā aʻa e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hahau.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo e hiki i nā poʻe a pau i loaʻa ka nui o nā ʻāpana HDL i loko o ko lākou koko e hoʻomaha mālie a poina i ka pilikia o ka atherosclerosis.

ʻO ka cholesterol maikaʻi a me ka pilikia o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai

ʻOiai ua ʻike nui nā ʻepekema a me nā kauka hou e pili ana i ka HDL cholesterol, ua ʻae lākou e hūnā mau nā mea huna i kāna mau mole.

- Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, hōʻike mau nā haʻawina epidemiological a me ka heluna kanaka he liʻiliʻi ka poʻe me ka cholesterol HDL kiʻekiʻe (ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi puʻuwai), a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe me nā pae HDL haʻahaʻa. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻike mākou mai ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana hiki i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai ke hiki mai i nā poʻe me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o HDL. He paradox kēia, no ka mea, ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina epidemiological i hōʻike ʻia i kahi mea ʻē aʻe - wahi a prof. ʻO Barbara Cybulska, he kauka i mālama i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi cardiovascular no nā makahiki he nui, ka mea noiʻi ma ka Institute of Food and Nutrition (IŻŻ).

1. Nā hōʻailona o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe

No laila, i ka hopena, pili ia i ka hihia kikoʻī.

- A ma ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana HDL i ka mea maʻi i hāʻawi ʻia. I kekahi poʻe, e kiʻekiʻe ka HDL a mahalo i kēia e pale aku lākou i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, no ka mea, ʻo ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana HDL e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kā lākou hana pono, a ma nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ke kiʻekiʻe HDL, e kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. i ka hana hewa o ka mole HDL - wehewehe ʻo Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Aia nā lāʻau e hoʻonui ai i ka cholesterol maikaʻi?

I kēia manawa, loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻemi pono i ka neʻe ʻana o ka LDL i loko o ke koko, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻi coronary, a no laila hoʻi kona hoʻopiʻi maʻi, ʻo ia ka puʻuwai puʻuwai.

Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa LDL, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaha ka poʻe ʻepekema i kā lākou laurels. Ua hoʻāʻo pū lākou no ka manawa lōʻihi e hoʻomohala i nā lāʻau e hoʻonui ai i nā pae o ka cholesterol maikaʻi.

- Ua hoʻomohala ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, akā ʻoiai ka piʻi ʻana o nā pae cholesterol HDL, ʻaʻole i hōʻemi ko lākou hoʻohana ʻana i ka maʻi o ka naʻau coronary. Ua ʻike ʻia he heterogeneous ka hakina HDL, ʻo ia hoʻi, aia nā molekole ʻokoʻa loa: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a me ka nui, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka protein, cholesterol a i ʻole phospholipids. No laila ʻaʻohe hoʻokahi HDL. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole maopopo mākou i ka ʻano HDL kikoʻī i loaʻa nā waiwai antiatherosclerotic a pehea e hoʻonui ai i kona ʻike i loko o ke koko, wahi a Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

I kēia manawa, pono e wehewehe i ke ʻano o ka hopena antiatherosclerotic o HDL.

- Komo pū nā ʻāpana HDL i ka pā arterial, akā ʻokoʻa loa ko lākou hopena me ka LDL. Loaʻa iā lākou ka hiki ke lawe i ka cholesterol mai ka paia o ke aʻa a hoʻihoʻi i ke ake, kahi e hoʻololi ʻia ai i loko o ka wai bile. No laila, ʻo HDL kahi mea nui o ka mīkini pane i ke koena cholesterol o ke kino. Ma waho aʻe o ka HDL, he nui nā hopena antiatherosclerotic. Akā ʻo ka mea koʻikoʻi ʻo ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka cholesterol mai ka paia o ke aʻa a hiki i ke ake - e hoʻoikaika ana i ka prof. ʻO Barbara Cybulska.

E like me kāu e ʻike ai, he hana koʻikoʻi ke ake i kēia hana.

- Hana ʻia nā LDL ma ke kahe ʻana mai nā lipoproteins i kapa ʻia ʻo VLDL i hana ʻia i loko o ke ake, aʻo nā HDL i hana pololei ʻia i loko o ke ake. No laila, ʻaʻole lākou e komo pololei i loko o ke koko mai ka ʻai ʻai, e like me ka manaʻo o ka poʻe he nui - wahi a ka loea IŻŻ.

ʻO ka cholesterol maikaʻi: no ke aha ʻaʻole kōkua mau?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, aia nā kumu liʻiliʻi no ka hiki ʻole o ka HDL i ka hakakā ʻana me ka atherosclerosis.

- ʻO nā maʻi like ʻole a hiki i ka makahiki ke hana i nā ʻāpana HDL i hana ʻole a hemahema. Nalo lākou i kā lākou mau waiwai antiatherosclerotic, incl. ʻO kēia ka hihia i ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes, ka momona a i ʻole ka maʻi naʻau coronary. Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi autoimmune ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana HDL, e aʻo aku iā Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

No laila, ʻoiai he kiʻekiʻe ka HDL o kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke manaʻo palekana loa.

- ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻāpana HDL ke loaʻa i ka cholesterol mai ka paia o ke aʻa a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waiwai antioxidant e pale ai i ka kolamu LDL mai ka hoʻohemo ʻana. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻo kona ʻano oxidized ka mea atherogenic (atherogenic) - wahi a Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Holoi aku i ka atherosclerosis: ka mea nui o ka hana kino

ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, aia kekahi mau nūhou maikaʻi mai ka honua o ka ʻepekema e pili ana i ka HDL, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻoikaika kino kino e hoʻohua ai i nā ʻāpana HDL anti-atherosclerotic.

- No ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia hopena, ʻo nā mea a pau āu e pono ai he 30 mau minuke o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa aerobic i ka lā, e like me ka ʻauʻau ʻana, ka hele wāwae a i ʻole ke kaʻa. He nūhou koʻikoʻi kēia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia lāʻau ke hana. Pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻike HDL i nā poʻe me nā maʻi cardiovascular - wahi a Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Manaʻo ka mea akamai i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka HDL, ma kahi o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana kino, ʻōlelo pū ka European Society of Cardiology: e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea momona trans, haʻalele i ka puhi ʻana, hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā monosaccharides a me nā disaccharides (maʻalahi sugars) a me ke kaumaha. hoemi ana.

Akā, e like me ka prof. Cybulska ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ke hoʻopunipuni a hiki i kahi HDL hana maikaʻi ke hoʻoponopono i nā pōʻino a pau i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka LDL cholesterol i hoʻomau ʻia no nā makahiki he nui.

- No laila, he mea nui e pale i ka piʻi ʻana o ka LDL cholesterol mai ka wā kamaliʻi (ma o ka meaʻai kūpono), a inā e hoʻonui ʻia, pono e hoʻemi (ma o ka mālama ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau). Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hana i ka hoʻihoʻi hapa, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ka plaque atherosclerotic, akā ʻo kāna ʻāpana lipid (cholesterol) wale nō ka hopena. A laila e emi iho ka cholesterol mai ka plaque - wahi a prof. ʻO Barbara Cybulska.

He mea koʻikoʻi kēia e pili ana i nā pā atherosclerotic ʻōpio, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka haki ʻana a hoʻoulu i nā clots weliweli (hiki ke pale i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a alakaʻi i ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana).

ʻO kēia no ka mea he nui ka cholesterol i loko o nā plaque ʻōpio, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi uhi fibrous e pale aku iā lākou mai ke kahe koko. No nā pā kahiko, calcified, fibrous plaques, hiki iā lākou ke emi iho, akā ma ka hapa cholesterol wale nō - wahi a ka loea IŻŻ.

ʻO ka mea hiki ʻole, i ka poʻe ʻōpio, ʻōpio nō hoʻi nā atherosclerotic plaques. Akā, aia nā ʻokoʻa i kēia lula. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, loaʻa paha iā lākou nā plaque atherosclerotic kiʻekiʻe.

- He hopena paha ia o ka hypercholesterolaemia ʻohana i ka wā ʻōpiopio. I loko o ia poʻe, hoʻomohala ʻia ka atherosclerosis mai ka wā kamaliʻi, no ka mea, aia mau ke aʻa i lalo o ka mana o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kēia ke kumu e hoʻāʻo ʻia ai ko lākou koko cholesterol, ʻoi aku ka poʻe me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi cardiovascular premature. ʻO Barbara Cybulska.

1. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka hypercholesterolaemia ʻohana e ʻike pono i nā mea āpau [EXPLAINED]

ʻO ka cholesterol maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole: he aha nā kūlana?

Ke ʻike ʻoe i nā pilikia e pili ana i nā pae cholesterol kūpono ʻole, pono e ʻike i nā paepae hoʻāla e pili ana me ia.

- Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka kolamu LDL i loko o ke koko he palekana no ke olakino ma lalo o 100 mg / dL, ʻo ia hoʻi ma lalo o 2,5 mmol / L. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pae maikaʻi loa no ke olakino, ma lalo o 70 mg / dL. I ka hihia o nā maʻi maʻi cardiovascular, me ka maʻi naʻau coronary (kahi mōʻaukala o ka myocardial infarction a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana), ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, makemake ʻia e mālama i nā pae LDL cholesterol ma lalo o 70 mg / dL - ʻōlelo ʻo Prof. ʻO Barbara Cybulska.

No laila ʻoi aku ka nui o nā koi, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kēia mau maʻi koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ko lākou pilikia e ka mea maʻi.

- No ka HDL cholesterol, ʻo ka waiwai ma lalo o 40 mg / dL, ʻo ia hoʻi ma lalo o 1 mmol / L i nā kāne a ma lalo o 45 mg / dL, ʻo ia hoʻi ma lalo o 1,2 mmol / L i nā wahine, ua manaʻo ʻia he hewa, ʻaʻole lawa kāna. hoʻomanaʻo - hoʻomanaʻo iā prof. ʻO Barbara Cybulska.

Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole? E hoʻololi i kou nohona a me ka meaʻai

Inā makemake ʻoe e pale i nā maʻi lipid a me ke atherosclerosis, e hoʻohana i ka nui o nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i hiki i kou ola i kēlā me kēia lā:

1. ka hana kino (ma kahi o 30 mau minuke 5 mau lā o ka pule),
2. he meaʻai momona i nā mea kanu (200 g a ʻoi aku paha i kēlā me kēia lā) a me nā hua (200 g a ʻoi aku paha)
3. e kaupalena i ka ʻai ʻana i nā momona momona (ʻo ia ka mea nui i nā momona holoholona) - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma lalo o 10% ka nui o kēlā me kēia lā o ka ikehu i hoʻopau ʻia me ka meaʻai,
4. hoʻololi i nā momona saturated me nā polyunsaturated fatty acids (ʻo kā lākou kumu ka nui o nā aila meaʻai, akā iʻa momona pū kekahi),
5. e hōʻemi i ka ʻai ʻana i nā momona trans (ua komo lākou i ka confectionery mākaukau, nā meaʻai wikiwiki a me ka meaʻai wikiwiki),
6. E mālama i kāu ʻai ʻana i ka paʻakai ma lalo o 5 g i kēlā me kēia lā (hoʻokahi puna puna),
7. e ʻai i ka 30-45 g o ka fiber i ka lā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi mai nā huahana cereal palaoa piha,
8. ʻai i ka iʻa 1-2 manawa i ka pule, me ka momona (e laʻa me ka mackerel, herring, halibut),
9. ʻai i 30 g o nā nati paʻakai ʻole i ka lā (e laʻa me ka walnuts)
10. e kaupalena i ka inu ʻona (inā inu ʻoe i nā mea āpau), nā kāne: a hiki i 20 g o ka waiʻona maʻemaʻe i kēlā me kēia lā, a me nā wahine i 10 g,
11. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana me ka ʻole o ka inu kō.