Nā mea i hoʻoulu ʻia e ke ʻano

Aia ka ʻepekema o ka biomimetics i ka wā mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana. Biomimetics ʻo ia ka ʻimi ʻana a me ka ʻaiʻē ʻana i nā manaʻo like ʻole mai ke ʻano a me kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia e kū nei ke kanaka. ʻO ke kumu, ka ʻokoʻa, ka pololei ʻole a me ka hoʻokele waiwai o nā kumuwaiwai, kahi e hoʻoponopono ai ke ʻano i kona mau pilikia, ʻaʻole hiki ke hauʻoli a hoʻoulu i ka makemake e kope i kēia mau kaʻina hana, nā mea a me nā hale i kekahi ʻano. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka huaʻōlelo biomimetics i ka makahiki 1958 e ka ʻepekema ʻAmelika ʻo Jack E. Steele. A ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "bionics" i nā makahiki 70 o ke kenekulia i hala, i ka wā i puka mai ai ka moʻolelo "The Six Million Dollar Man" a me "The Biotic Woman" ma ke kīwī. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Tim McGee ʻaʻole pono e huikau pono nā biometrics me ka hoʻohālike bioinspired no ka mea, ʻaʻole like me biomimetics, ʻaʻole hoʻohālikelike ka hoʻohālike bioinspired i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai. Aia ma lalo nā hiʻohiʻona o ka holomua o ka biomimetics, kahi i ʻike nui ʻia ai kēia mau ʻokoʻa. I ka hana ʻana i nā mea biomedical polymeric, ua hoʻohana ʻia ke kumu o ka hana ʻana o ka pūpū holothurian (kukama kai). He ʻano ʻokoʻa ko nā kukama kai - hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi i ka paʻakikī o ka collagen e hana i ka uhi waho o ko lākou kino. Ke ʻike ka kukama kai i ka pōʻino, hoʻonui pinepine ia i ka paʻakikī o kona ʻili, me he mea lā i haehae ʻia e ka pūpū. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, inā pono ʻo ia e ʻoki i loko o kahi ākea haiki, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonāwaliwali i waena o nā mea o kona ʻili a hiki ke lilo i ka jelly wai. Ua hoʻokumu kekahi pūʻulu ʻepekema mai Case Western Reserve i kahi mea e pili ana i ka cellulose fibers me nā waiwai like: i ke alo o ka wai, lilo kēia mea i plastic, a i ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, paʻa hou. Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ia mea no ka hana ʻana i nā electrodes intracerebral, i hoʻohana ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka maʻi o Parkinson. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka lolo, e lilo nā electrodes i hana ʻia me ia mea i palaka a ʻaʻole e hōʻino i ka ʻiʻo o ka lolo. Ua hoʻokumu ʻo US packaging company Ecovative Design i kahi hui o nā mea hou a me nā mea biodegradable i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka insulation thermal, packaging, lako a me nā hihia kamepiula. Ua loaʻa iā McGee kahi pāʻani i hana ʻia mai kēia mea. No ka hana ʻana i kēia mau mea, hoʻohana ʻia nā husks o ka laiki, ka buckwheat a me ka pulupulu, kahi e ulu ai ka haʻuki Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom). Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hui ʻana i loko o nā pūnaewele oyster mushroom a me ka hydrogen peroxide i loko o nā mole kūikawā a mālama ʻia i loko o ka pōʻeleʻele i paʻakikī ka huahana ma lalo o ka mana o ka mycelium mushroom. Hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ka huahana no ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o ka haʻiki a pale i nā allergies i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka huahana. Ua hana ʻo Angela Belcher a me kāna hui i kahi pākaukau novub e hoʻohana ana i kahi maʻi bacteriophage M13 i hoʻololi ʻia. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili iā ia iho i nā mea inorganic e like me ke gula a me ka cobalt oxide. Ma muli o ka hui pū ʻana o ka virus, hiki ke loaʻa nā nanowires lōʻihi. Ua hiki i ka hui o Bletcher ke hōʻuluʻulu i nā mea he nui o kēia mau nanowires, ka hopena i ke kumu o kahi pākaukau ikaika loa a paʻa loa. I ka makahiki 2009, ua hōʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka hiki ke hoʻohana i kahi maʻi hoʻololi genetically e hana i ka anode a me ka cathode o kahi pā lithium-ion. Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Australia i ka ʻōnaehana mālama wai ʻino Biolytix hou loa. Hiki i kēia ʻōnaehana kānana ke hoʻololi koke i ka ʻōpala a me nā ʻōpala meaʻai i wai maikaʻi i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoinu ʻana. I loko o ka ʻōnaehana Biolytix, hana nā ilo a me nā meaola lepo i nā hana āpau. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana Biolytix e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu ma kahi o 90% a hana kokoke i 10 mau manawa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau. Manaʻo ʻo Thomas Herzig ka mea kākau ʻōpio Australia he nui nā manawa kūpono no ka hoʻolālā inflatable. I kona manaʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hale inflatable ma mua o nā mea kahiko, ma muli o ko lākou māmā a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea. Aia ke kumu i ka hana ʻana o ka ikaika tensile ma luna o ka membrane maʻalahi, ʻoiai ke kūʻē ʻia ka ikaika compressive e kekahi mea elastic elastic - ea, aia ma nā wahi āpau a manuahi loa. Mahalo i kēia hopena, ua hoʻohana ke ʻano i nā hale like ʻole no nā miliona mau makahiki: ʻo kēlā me kēia mea ola he mau cell. ʻO ka manaʻo o ka hui ʻana i nā hale kūkulu hale mai nā modula pneumocell i hana ʻia me PVC e pili ana i nā loina o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale cellular biological. ʻO nā pūnaewele, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e Thomas Herzog, he kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa loa a ʻae iā ʻoe e hana i kahi helu palena ʻole o nā hui. I kēia hihia, ʻo ka pōʻino o hoʻokahi a i ʻole kekahi mau pneumocells ʻaʻole e hoʻopau i ka luku ʻana o ka hale holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ke kumu o ka hana i hoʻohana ʻia e ka Calera Corporation e like me ka hana ʻana i ka cement maoli, kahi e hoʻohana ai nā koʻa i ko lākou ola ʻana e unuhi i ka calcium a me ka magnesium mai ka wai kai i mea e hoʻohui ai i nā carbonates i nā mahana maʻamau a me nā kaomi. A i ka hana ʻana i ka cement Calera, ua hoʻololi mua ʻia ke kalapona kalapona i loko o ka waikawa carbonic, kahi e loaʻa ai nā carbonates. 'Ōleloʻo McGee me kēiaʻano, e hana i hoʻokahi tona o ka sima, pono e hoʻoponopono e pili ana i ka nui o ka carbon dioxide. ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka sima ma ke ʻano kuʻuna e alakaʻi i ka pollution carbon dioxide, akā ʻo kēia ʻenehana kipi, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, lawe i ka carbon dioxide mai ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka hui ʻAmelika ʻo Novomer, ka mea e hoʻomohala nei i nā mea synthetic synthetic hou, ua hana i kahi ʻenehana no ka hana ʻana i nā plastics, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia ai ka carbon dioxide a me ka carbon monoxide e like me ke kumu kumu. Hoʻoikaika ʻo McGee i ka waiwai o kēia ʻenehana, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā kinoea ʻona ʻē aʻe i ka lewa kekahi o nā pilikia nui o ka honua hou. I loko o ka ʻenehana plastics a Novomer, hiki i nā polymers hou a me nā plastics ke loaʻa i ka 50% carbon dioxide a me carbon monoxide, a ʻo ka hana ʻana o kēia mau mea pono e emi loa ka ikehu. E kōkua ana ia hana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka nui o nā kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a lilo kēia mau mea pono i biodegradable. I ka wā e hoʻopā ai ka ʻōpala i ka lau pahele o kahi mea kanu manu lele lele Venus, hoʻomaka koke ke ʻano o ka lau e loli, a loaʻa ka ʻōpala iā ia iho i loko o kahi pahele make. Ua hoʻokō ʻo Alfred Crosby a me kāna mau hoa mai ke Kulanui ʻo Amherst (Massachusetts) i ka hana ʻana i kahi mea polymer e hiki ai ke hana like me nā loli liʻiliʻi o ke kaomi, ka mahana, a i ʻole ma lalo o ka mana o ka uila. Ua uhi ʻia ka ʻili o kēia mea me nā lens microscopic, piha i ka ea i hiki ke hoʻololi koke i ko lākou curvature (e lilo i convex a concave) me nā loli i ke kaomi, ka mahana, a i ʻole ma lalo o ka mana o kēia manawa. ʻOkoʻa ka nui o kēia mau microlenses mai 50 µm a i 500 µm. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o nā lens iā lākou iho a me ka mamao ma waena o lākou, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka mea i hoʻololi i waho. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo McGee, ʻo ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai kēia mea ʻo ia ka mea i hana ʻia ma ke kikowaena o ka micro- a me ka nanotechnology. Hiki i nā mussels, e like me nā mollusks bivalve ʻē aʻe, ke hoʻopili paʻa i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole me ke kōkua o nā filament protein kūikawā a kaumaha - ka mea i kapa ʻia he byssus. ʻO ka papa pale waho o ka byssal gland he mea maʻalahi, lōʻihi loa a ma ka manawa like me ka mea elastic nui. Ua noiʻi ʻo Polofesa o Organic Chemistry Herbert Waite o ke Kulanui o Kaleponi i ka ʻiʻo no ka manawa lōʻihi, a ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i ka hana hou ʻana i kahi mea i like loa kona ʻano me nā mea i hana ʻia e nā ʻū. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo McGee, ua wehe ʻo Herbert Waite i kahi kahua noiʻi hou, a ua kōkua mua kāna hana i kahi hui ʻepekema ʻē aʻe e hana i ka ʻenehana PureBond no ka mālama ʻana i nā papa lāʻau me ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i ka formaldehyde a me nā mea ʻona nui. He waiwai kūʻokoʻa loa ka ʻili manō - ʻaʻole e hoʻonui ʻia ka bacteria ma luna o ia mea, a i ka manawa like ʻaʻole i uhi ʻia me ka lubricant bactericidal. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole pepehi ka ʻili i ka bacteria, ʻaʻole lākou e noho ma luna. Aia ka mea huna i kahi ʻano kūikawā, i hana ʻia e nā unahi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili manō. Hoʻohui ʻia kekahi me kekahi, hana kēia mau unahi i kahi ʻano daimana kūikawā. Hoʻopuka hou ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka Sharklet pale antibacterial film. Manaʻo ʻo McGee he palena ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia ʻenehana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o ia ʻano ʻano ʻaʻole e ʻae i ka maʻi bacteria e hoʻonui i ka ʻili o nā mea i loko o nā halemai a me nā wahi ākea hiki ke hoʻopau i ka bacteria ma 80%. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole luku ʻia ka bacteria, a, no laila, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kūʻē, e like me ke ʻano o nā antibiotics. ʻO Sharklet Technology ka ʻenehana mua loa o ka honua e pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria me ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i nā mea ʻawaʻawa. e like me ka bigpikture.ru