I kēia ʻApelila, ua lele ka huakaʻi ʻoihana ʻo Tom Stucker i 18 miliona mau mile (kokoke 29 miliona mau kilomita) i nā makahiki he 14 i hala. He manawa nui kēlā i ka lewa.
Ua ʻai paha ʻo ia ma kahi o 6500 mau meaʻai ma luna o ka moku, nānā i nā tausani o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a kipa aku i ka lumi hoʻomaha ma ka mokulele ma mua o 10 mau manawa. Ua hōʻiliʻili pū ʻo ia i ka nui o ka radiation e like me 000 mau pahu x-ray. Akā, he aha ka pilikia olakino o ia ʻano o ka radiation?
Manaʻo paha ʻoe ʻo ka nui o ka radiation radiation o ka mea lele pinepine mai nā wahi hoʻopaʻa palekana o ke kahua mokulele, nā mīkini paʻi kino piha, a me nā mīkini x-ray paʻa lima. Akā, ua hewa ʻoe. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka radiation mai ka huakaʻi ea ʻo ia ka lele ponoʻī. Ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka lahilahi o ka ea. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kou lele ʻana mai ka ʻili o ka Honua, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā molekala kinoea i loko o ka lewa. No laila, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā molekala, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka lewa, a no laila ʻoi aku ka ʻike ʻana i ka radiation mai ka lewa.
Loaʻa i nā Astronauts kaʻahele ma waho o ka lewa o ka Honua ka nui o ka radiation. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka nui o ka radiation ka mea palena no ka lōʻihi loa o nā mokulele mokulele. Ma muli o ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana ma ka lewa, hiki i nā astronauts ke loaʻa i ka maʻi cataract, ka maʻi kanesa a me ka maʻi puʻuwai ke hoʻi i ka home. ʻO ka iradiation kahi hopohopo nui no ka pahuhopu o Elon Musk e hoʻokau i Mars. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana ma Mars me kona lewa nui loa e make maoli ana ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka radiation, ʻoiai ka lanakila ʻana o ka honua e Matt Damon ma ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni The Martian.
E hoʻi kāua i ka huakaʻi. He aha ka huina radiation o Stucker a pehea ka nui o kona ola kino?
Aia nā mea a pau i ka nui o kona manawa i ka lewa. Inā mākou e lawe i ka wikiwiki o ka mokulele (550 mau mile i kēlā me kēia hola), a laila ua lele ʻia he 18 miliona mau mile i 32 mau hola, ʻo ia hoʻi 727 mau makahiki. He 3,7 millisievert ka nui o ka pāhawewe ma kahi kiʻekiʻe maʻamau (35 kapuaʻi) i kēlā me kēia hola (ʻo ka sievert he pūʻulu o ka hopena kūpono a like o ka radiation ionizing e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e loiloi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa).
Ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka dosis i nā hola o ka lele, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike ua loaʻa iā Stucker iā ia iho ʻaʻole wale i nā tiketi ea manuahi, akā ma kahi o 100 millisieverts o ka ʻike.
ʻO ka pilikia nui o ke olakino ma kēia pae maʻi, ʻo ia ka piʻi ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi maʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka noiʻi ʻana i nā mea pōʻino atomic a me nā maʻi ma hope o ka radiation therapy i hiki i nā ʻepekema ke koho i ka pilikia o ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa no kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka radiation. Ua like nā mea ʻē aʻe a pau, inā loaʻa i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa nā pae koʻikoʻi e like me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a laila ʻo ka nui o ka maʻi kanesa holoʻokoʻa o 0,005% no ka millisievert he kuhi kūpono a hoʻohana mau ʻia. No laila, he 100 millisievert dose o Stucker i hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi ma kahi o 0,5%.
A laila, ala mai ka nīnau: He kūlana kiʻekiʻe kēia?
Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ko lākou pilikia pilikino e make i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia ka helu pololei, kūpono ke ʻōlelo ʻana ma kahi o 25% o nā kāne a pau e hoʻopau i ko lākou ola ma muli o ka maʻi kanesa. Pono e hoʻohui ʻia ka maʻi kanesa o Stucker mai ka radiation i kona pilikia kumu, a no laila hiki ke 25,5%. ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa o kēia nui he liʻiliʻi loa ia e ana ʻia ma kekahi ʻano ʻepekema, no laila pono e hoʻomau i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka pilikia.
Inā lele nā kāne huakaʻi he 200 i 18 mau mile e like me Stucker, manaʻo paha mākou hoʻokahi wale nō o lākou e hoʻopōkole i ko lākou ola ma muli o ka manawa lele. ʻAʻole paha i hōʻeha ʻia nā kānaka 000 ʻē aʻe.
Akā, pehea ka poʻe maʻamau e lele pinepine i ka makahiki?
Inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike i kou pilikia pilikino o ka make mai ka radiation, pono ʻoe e koho i kāu mau mile a pau i hele ai i nā makahiki. Ke manaʻo nei ʻo ka wikiwiki, ka nui a me nā waiwai pilikia a me nā ʻāpana i hāʻawi ʻia ma luna no Stucker ua pololei hoʻi iā ʻoe. ʻO ka puʻunaue ʻana i kāu mau mile a 3 e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi manawa kūpono e loaʻa ai ka maʻi kanesa mai kāu mau mokulele.
No ka laʻana, ua lele ʻoe i 370 mau mile. Ke māhele ʻia, ua like kēia me ka 000/1 o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa (a i ʻole he 10% ka piʻi ʻana o ka pilikia). ʻAʻole lele ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i 000 mau mile i ko lākou ola ʻana, ʻo ia ka mea like me 0,01 mau mokulele mai Los Angeles a New York.
No laila no ka mea hele maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pilikia ma mua o 0,01%. No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka "pilikia", e hana i ka papa inoa o nā pōmaikaʻi a pau i loaʻa iā ʻoe mai kāu mau mokulele (ka hiki ke hele i ka ʻoihana, nā huakaʻi hoʻomaha, nā kipa ʻohana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), a laila e nānā hou i kēia 0,01, XNUMX%. Inā manaʻo ʻoe he liʻiliʻi kāu mau pōmaikaʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa, a laila makemake paha ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lele. Akā, no nā poʻe he nui i kēia lā, he mea pono ke lele ʻana i ke ola, a ʻo ka piʻi iki ʻana o ka pōʻino he mea pono ia.