Hoʻopili nā maʻi ʻōlelo i nā maʻi āpau i hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hiki i ke kanaka ke ʻōlelo akā e kamaʻilio pū kekahi. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻano psychological a kino paha (neurological, physiological, etc.), hopohopo ʻōlelo, akā me nā semantics (paʻakikī e hoʻomanaʻo i ka huaʻōlelo kūpono, ke ʻano o nā huaʻōlelo, a pēlā aku.).

Hana ʻia kahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā maʻi ʻōlelo i loko o nā keiki, ʻo ia nā ʻano maʻi a i ʻole lohi i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻōlelo, a me nā maʻi e pili ana i nā mākua ma ke ʻano ʻelua (ma hope o ka hahau ʻana, ma kahi laʻana, a ma hope paha o ka hahau. Trauma). Ua manaʻo ʻia aia ma kahi o 5% o nā keiki o kahi pae makahiki i loaʻa i nā maʻi e ulu i ka ʻōlelo.

ʻO nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻōlelo a me nā kumu a lākou i laha loa ai. Ma waena o nā mea maʻamau ʻo:

• aphasia (a i ʻole mutism): nalo ʻana o ka hiki ke ʻōlelo a hoʻomaopopo paha i ka ʻōlelo, kākau ʻia a ʻōlelo ʻia paha
• dysphasia: maʻi hoʻomohala ʻōlelo i nā keiki, kākau ʻia a ʻōlelo ʻia
• ʻO ka maʻi disarthria
• haʻalulu: haʻi maʻi kahe (repetitions and blockages, pinepine ma ka syllable mua o nā huaʻōlelo)
• buccofacial apraxia: maʻi i ka neʻe o ka waha, ke alelo a me nā mākala e ʻae iā ʻoe e ʻōlelo akāka.
• dislexia: maʻi ʻōlelo kākau
• la spasmodique dysphonie : ka hōʻino leo i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā spasms o nā kaula leo (laryngeal dystonia)
• dysphonia: pilikia leo (leo leo, leo kani kūpono ʻole a ikaika paha, a pēlā aku.)

Hoʻohui pū nā maʻi maʻi ʻōlelo a me nā haʻi ʻōlelo i nā hui he nui me nā kumu like ʻole.

Hiki i kēia mau maʻi ke loaʻa kahi kumu psychological, kahi muscular a i ʻole kumu neurological, cerebral, etc.

No laila ʻaʻole hiki ke papa inoa i nā ala āpau e hiki ke hoʻopili i ka ʻōlelo.

I nā keiki, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka lohi ʻōlelo a me nā maʻi, i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe:

• kuli a i ʻole hoʻolohe pepeiao
• nā pilikia hoʻopili a i ʻole nā ​​hemahema psychoaffective
• paralysis o nā mea haʻi ʻōlelo
• nā maʻi neurological laha ʻole a i ʻole ka poino o ka lolo
• nā maʻi neurodevelopmental (autism)
• hemahema naʻauao
• i kahi kumu i hoʻoholo ʻole ʻia (pinepine pinepine)

I nā mākua a i ʻole nā ​​keiki e nalowale i ka hiki ke hōʻike iā lākou iho, ʻo nā kumu maʻamau (me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe):

• haʻalulu psychological a hōʻeha paha
• kahi ulia vascular cerebral
• ke poʻo
• he tumo lolo
• kahi maʻi neurological e like me: sclerosis maha, maʻi ʻo Parkinson, sclerosis lateral amyotrophic, dementias…
• paralysis a nāwaliwali paha o nā mākala maka
• ʻO ka maʻi Lyme
• maʻi ʻaʻai o ka larynx (pili i ka leo)
• lesions benign of the vocal cords (nodule, polyp, etc.)

ʻO ka ʻōlelo ka mea nui i ke kamaʻilio ʻana. ʻO nā paʻakikī i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻōlelo a me kāna haku hiki ke hana, i nā keiki, hoʻololi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ko lākou ʻano a me ka ʻike naʻau, keakea i kā lākou kūleʻa kula, kā lākou pili kaiaulu, etc.

I ka poʻe mākua, ka nalo ʻana o ka mākau ʻōlelo, ma hope o ka pilikia neurological, no ka laʻana, paʻakikī loa e noho pū. Hiki i kēia ke ʻoki iā ia mai nā mea e puni iā ​​ia a paipai iā ia e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia iho, e hōʻemi ana i kāna hana a me ka pilina pili.

 ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi ʻōlelo i kahi makua he hōʻailona ia o kahi maʻi neurological a i ʻole pohō cerebral: no laila he mea pono e hopohopo a nīnau koke, keu hoʻi inā kū koke ka hoʻololi.

Hoʻohui nā maʻi ʻōlelo i nā mea he nui a me nā pathology: ʻo ka hopena mua e loaʻa ai kahi hōʻailona, ​​ma ka haukapila a mai kahi mea haʻi ʻōlelo paha.

I kēia mau hihia āpau, i nā keiki, kahi ukali ma ka haʻiʻōlelo e hiki ai ke loaʻa ka loiloi piha e hāpai i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana.

Inā akahai loa ka maʻi (lisp, nele o nā huaʻōlelo), pono paha e kali, keu hoʻi i kahi keiki ʻōpio.

I nā mākua, pono e mālama ʻia nā cerebral a me nā neurological pathologies e alakaʻi i nā maʻi ʻōlelo e nā hui multidisciplinary loea. Hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ke kūlana, keu hoʻi ma hope o ka hahau ʻana.