Hoʻololi ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻapuni ovarian mai kekahi wahine a i kekahi, a mai kekahi pōʻaiapuni i kekahi. I ke hanana o kahi lōʻihi o ka menstrual cycle, kūleʻa ka ovulation ma hope, me ka hoʻopili ʻole i ka momona.

Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomanaʻo, hana ʻia ka pōʻaiapuni o 3 mau ʻokoʻa:

• ka pae follicular hoʻomaka i ka lā mua o ka menstruation. Kaha ʻia e ka oʻo ʻana o kekahi mau ovarian follicle ma lalo o ka hopena o ka follicle-stimulate hormone (FSH);
• hoʻoipoipoʻana kūlike i ka kipaku ʻia ʻana o ka oocyte e ka ovarian follicle nui i hiki i ke oʻo ʻana, ma lalo o ka hopena o ka luteinizing hormone (LH) piʻi;
• i ka wā o ka luteal a i ʻole ka hope o ka hanana, ka "pūpū hakahaka" o ka follicle huli i loko o ka corpus luteum, e hoʻomaka ana e hana i ka progesterone, ke kuleana o ia mea e hoʻomākaukau i ka uterus no ka hiki implantation o kahi hua manu momona. Inā ʻaʻohe momona, kū kēia hana a hemo ka endometrium mai ka paia uterine: eia nā lula.

ʻO ka pōʻaiapuni ovarian mau ka lōʻihi o 28 mau lā, me ka ovulation ma ka lā 14th. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi o ke kalapona i waena o nā wahine, a i waena o nā pōʻaiapuni i kekahi mau wahine. Loaʻa ka lōʻihi o ka luteal i 14 mau lā, i nā hanana lōʻihi (ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 mau lā), ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka follicular. No laila kū ka ovulation ma hope o ka pōʻaiapuni. ʻO kahi laʻana, no ka pōʻaiapuni 32 mau lā, e hana keaka ʻia ka ovulation ma ka lā 18th o ka pōʻaiapuni (32-14 = 18).

Eia nō naʻe, he helu helu helu kēia wale nō. I ke ʻano o nā pōʻai lōʻihi a / a i ʻole nā ​​kaulike kūpono ʻole, e hoʻonui ai i nā manawa o ka hāpai ʻana, pono ia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia aia he ovulation, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe e hoʻoholo pono loa ai i kona lā. Aia nā ʻano ʻokoʻa no kēia e hiki i ka wahine ke hana hoʻokahi, ma ka home: ke aniani wela, ka nānā ʻana o ka mucus cervix, ke ʻano hui (ka pā mahana a me ka nānā ʻana o ka mucus cervix a i ʻole ka wehe ʻana o ka cervix) a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻokolohua ovulation. ʻO ka hope, ma muli o ka ʻike ʻana i ka mimi o ka LH piʻi, ʻo ia ka mea hilinaʻi loa no ka hoʻoipoipo ʻana.

ʻAʻole maopopo iā mākou nā kumu o ka hopena o ka hopena. Kamaʻilio mākou i kekahi manawa e pili ana i nā ovaries "palaualelo" me ka ʻole o kēia pathological. ʻIke pū mākou he hiki i nā mea like ʻole ke hopena i ka lōʻihi o ke keʻa ma o ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka axis hypothalamic-pituitary ma ke kumu o nā huna hormonal o FS a me LH. hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino.

Ma hope o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka pill contraceptive, he mea maʻamau no ke lōʻihi o nā pōʻai a / a i ʻole kūlike ʻole. Kau i ka hoʻomaha no ka lōʻihi o ka pale ʻana, hiki paha i nā ovaries ke lawe i kahi manawa liʻiliʻi e loaʻa hou ai ka hana maʻamau.

ʻAʻole pono ka ovulation lohi i ka ovulation maikaʻi ʻole. Ua paʻi ʻia kahi aʻo Sepania i ka makahiki 2014 ma Ka puke pai a me nā gynecology o ʻEulopa, ke hōʻike nei i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe (1). Ua kālailai pū kekahi nā kānaka noiʻi i nā pōʻaiapuni ovarian o aneane 2000 mau wahine i hāʻawi manawaleʻa i nā oocytes, a me ka nui o ka hāpai ʻana i nā mea loaʻa. ʻO ka hopena: ua hāʻawi ʻia ka makana hua manu mai nā wahine me nā pōʻai lōʻihi me ka pākēneka kiʻekiʻe o ka hāpai ʻana i nā mea e loaʻa ana, e ʻōlelo ana he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka oositita.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻa pōʻai, ka liʻiliʻi o lākou i ka makahiki. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana ʻo ka puka aniani o ka momona he 4 wale nō a 5 mau lā no ka pōʻaiapuni a ʻo ka manawa o ka hāpai ʻana ma ka awelika 15 a 20% no kēlā me kēia pōʻaiapuni no ka wahine momona e moekolohe ana i ka manawa maikaʻi o ke pōʻaiapuni (2), i ka In hanana o nā pōʻai lōʻihi, no laila e hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui ʻia nā manawa o ka hāpai ʻana.

Inā hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pōʻaiapili ma mua o ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi (28 mau lā), pono e kūkākūkā e ʻike i kahi pilikia hormonal hiki.

I kekahi manawa lōʻihi a / a i ʻole kūlohelohe ʻole hiki ke lilo i hoʻokahi o nā hōʻailona, ​​i ke kiʻi maʻamau, o ka polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) a i ʻole ka ovarian dystrophy, kahi endocrine pathology e hoʻopili ana iā 5 a 10% o nā wahine o ka hānau keiki. hanau keiki. ʻAʻole maʻa mau ʻo PCOS i ka momona, akā he kumu maʻamau ia no ka wahine hānau ʻole.

I nā hihia āpau, me ka nānā ʻole i ka lōʻihi o ke pōʻaiapuni, pono e kūkākūkā ma hope o 12 a 18 mau mahina o nā hoʻokolohua pēpē kūleʻa ʻole. Ma hope o 38 mau makahiki, ua hoʻemi ʻia kēia wā i 6 mau mahina no ka mea ua emi nui ka momona ma hope o kēia makahiki.