ʻO 12% o ka make ma muli o nā maʻi hanu, a ʻo ke kumu nui o ka hele ʻole ʻana i waena o ka poʻe ʻōpio i kēia lā ma muli o ka maʻi hanu. No laila, hopohopo nui ka mālama ENT a me ka pulmonary i nā pilikia olakino. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi hanu e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nebulizer. Hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau hou ke hāʻawi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano aerosol pololei i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hanu.

ʻO ka nebulizer, a i ʻole ka nebulizer, hiki ke hoʻololi i kahi lāʻau wai i loko o kahi aerosol, ʻo ia hoʻi i loko o nā kulu liʻiliʻi maikaʻi loa e komo koke a maʻalahi e ke ala hanu a me ke ʻano ʻole o ka mea maʻi e pono ai. ʻO ka nebulized aerosol therapy kahi ʻano hana lapaʻau maikaʻi loa, ʻeha ʻole, kaʻina hana kūloko me ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mālama ʻōnaehana.

haku mele

Ma muli o ka hana ʻana o ka aerosol, ʻekolu ʻano nebulizer:

• nā nebulizer pneumatic, ka mea e hoʻopuka i ka aerosol mahalo i ke kinoea i hoʻouna ʻia ma lalo o ke kaomi (ea a i ʻole oxygen);
• nā ultrasonic nebulizers, e hoʻohana ana i ke ultrasound e hoʻololi i ke aniani a laila e hoʻouna i nā haʻalulu i ka wai e nebulized;
• nā nebulizers membrane, ka mea e hoʻohana ana i kahi kānana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me nā tausani o nā puka he mau microns ka anawaena kahi e hoʻolālā ʻia ai ka wai e nebulized e ka hana o kahi au uila.

ʻO ka nebulizer pneumatic

ʻO ia ka mea kahiko loa a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka nebulizer, ma nā halemai a ma ka home. He ʻekolu ʻāpana:

• he compressor e hoʻouna i ka ea a i ʻole ka oxygen ma lalo o ke kaomi;
• he nebulizer, i hoʻopili ʻia i ka compressor e kahi paipu, kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka wai lāʻau e nebulized. ʻO ka nebulizer ponoʻī he pahu e loaʻa ai ka wai (2ml a 8ml), kahi nozzle kahi e hele ai ke kinoea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, kahi mea hana no ka omo ʻana i ka wai e ka hopena venturi, a me kahi deflector kahi e haki ai nā kulu i loko o nā ʻāpana hanu;
• he mea hoʻomanawanui i hoʻopili ʻia i ka nebulizer a he pale maka paha, he waha a i ʻole ka ihu.

ʻO ka huaʻōlelo nebulization mai ka Latin nebula (noe) ʻo ia ka manaʻo o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka hopena ua lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka noe, i kapa ʻia he aerosol. ʻO nā droplets i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i kēia noe he modular a me ka nui e pili ana i ka pathology e mālama ʻia.

Nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa

E koho ʻia ka nui o nā ʻāpana e like me ka pae hanu e hiki ai

haku mele

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau nui i hāʻawi ʻia e aerosol e kūpono i kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka pathology:

• ʻO nā bronchodilators (ß2 mimics, anticholinergics), e hana ana ma ka hoʻomāhuahua koke ʻana o ka bronchi, hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi hānō koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka ʻā ʻana o ka maʻi obstructive pulmonary maʻi (COPD);
• ʻO nā corticosteroids (budesonide, beclomethasone) he mau lāʻau anti-inflammatory e pili ana me kahi bronchodilator no ka mālama ʻana i ka hānō;
• ʻO nā mucolytics a me nā viscolytics e kōkua i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mucus e hōʻiliʻili ana i loko o ka bronchi i ka cystic fibrosis;
• hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic (tobramycin, colistin) ma ka ʻāina no ka mālama mālama ʻana i nā hihia o ka cystic fibrosis;
• Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka laryngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis, otitis media e ka nebulization.

Pili ka lehulehu a i ʻole makaʻu paha

ʻO nā pathologies i mālama ʻia e ka nebulization he mau maʻi maʻi ia e koi ai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūloko non-intrusive a me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

ʻAʻole koi ka nebulization aerosol therapy i kahi hoʻoikaika a neʻe paha ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea maʻi, no laila ua kūpono kēia ʻano lapaʻau i nā pēpē, nā keiki liʻiliʻi, nā ʻelemakule a me nā poʻe me ka liʻiliʻi o ka neʻe.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka nebulization i ka haukapila, pediatric, pulmonary, ulia pōpilikia a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea mālama kino. Hiki ke hana ia ma ka home.

Pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nebulizer ma ka home ma mua o ka "hoʻomaʻamaʻa" no ka nebulization e pono maoli. ʻO kēia hana ke kuleana o nā limahana mālama ola (nā kauka, kahu hānai, physiotherapists, etc.) a i ʻole nā ​​mea lapaʻau.

Āhea e hoʻohana ai?

Pono e hana ʻia ka nebulization ma ka home ma lalo o ke kauka. Pono ke kauoha e kuhikuhi i kekahi mau kiko :

• ʻO ka lāʻau e nebulized, kona hōʻailona (no ka laʻana: hoʻokahi dosis o 2 ml), hiki paha i kona dilution a i ʻole kona hui ʻana me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe;
• ka helu o nā kau e hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā a i ka wā e hana ʻia ai inā e kuhikuhi ʻia nā ʻano mālama ʻē aʻe (e laʻa, ma mua o nā kau physiotherapy);
• ka lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia kau (5 a 10 mau minuke kiʻekiʻe);
• ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana;
• ke kumu hoʻohālike o ka nebulizer a me ka compressor e hoʻohana ʻia;
• ʻO ke ʻano o ka mask a i ʻole ka waha i ʻōlelo ʻia.

Nā pae o ka hana

• Pono e lawe ʻia nā kau mai ka ʻai ʻana e pale aku i ka luaʻi;
• pono e akaka ka ihu a me ka puu (e hoohana i ka ihu pepe no na kamalii);
• pono ʻoe e noho me ke kua pololei, a i ʻole ma kahi kūlana semi-noho no nā pēpē;
• pono ʻoe e hoʻomaha loa;
• paʻa ʻia ka nebulizer a kū pololei ka waha, a i ʻole ka mask, i hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia e kahi kaomi māmā;
• pono ʻoe e hanu ma kou waha a hanu mālie;
• ʻO ka "gurgling" i loko o ka nebulizer e hōʻike ana ua nele ka pahu, a no laila ua pau ke kau.

Nā hana akahele

Ma mua o ke kau:

• e holoi pono i kou mau lima;
• wehe i ka nebulizer a ninini i ka lāʻau i loko;
• hoʻopili i ka waha a i ʻole ka maka;
• hoʻohui i ka compressor ma o ka paipu;
• hoʻopili a hoʻā i ka mea hoʻopololei.

Ma hope o ke kau:

Ma waho aʻe o ka nebulizer hoʻohana hoʻokahi, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā mea hana a disinfected me ka mālama:

• i ka pau ʻana o kēlā me kēia kau, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka nebulizer, hoʻolei ʻia ke koena o ka hoʻomākaukau, a holoi ʻia nā mea āpau i ka wai wela wela;
• i kēlā me kēia lā, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā mea i 15 mau minuke i ka wai paila;
• Pono e waiho ʻia ka mea i maloʻo ma ka lewa ākea a laila mālama ʻia mai ka lepo.

Pono e hoʻololi ʻia ke koho o kahi nebulizer i kēlā me kēia hihia a me kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka mālama ʻana. Pono e hoʻokō i kekahi mau koi.

ʻO nā kaohi no ke koho ʻana i kāna nebulizer

• ʻO ke ʻano o ka lāʻau e nebulized: ʻaʻole kūpono kekahi mau mea hoʻomākaukau no nā ʻano nebulizer āpau (e laʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o corticosteroids e nā nebulizer ultrasonic);
• ʻO ka hōʻike hoʻomanawanui: no nā kamaliʻi, ka poʻe ʻelemakule a i ʻole ke kino kīnā, pono ke koho ʻia ka mask ma ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi;
• ka mana kūʻokoʻa o ka hana a me ka lawe ʻana;
• ka waiwai no ke kālā (e loaʻa nā ʻōnaehana hoʻolimalima ma nā mea hoʻolaha o nā mea lapaʻau);
• pono e hoʻokō ka nebulizer i nā koi o ka NF EN 13544-1 maʻamau a pono e hoʻolako ʻia me nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi e kikoʻī ana i kāna hana, hana a me nā hana mālama pono.