ʻO ka neoplasia e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu pathological o nā kiko hou i loko o ke kino.

ʻO ka neoplasia ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ʻiʻo hou ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻole ʻia a me ka mālama ʻole ʻia o nā cell. Hiki ke loaʻa ma nā wahi a pau o ke kino. ʻO ka ʻiʻo hou, i kapa ʻia he neoplasm, he hui hoʻonohonoho a i ʻole kahi hana i ʻokoʻa i ka ʻiʻo maʻamau e hoʻopuni ana iā ia.

Ua like ka neoplasia me ka ma'i 'a'ai, akā, 'a'ole pono ka ma'i 'a'ai. Hiki ke ma'i a ma'i paha. Pono pinepine nā hoʻokolohua hou e ʻike ai.

He nui nā kumu o ka neoplasia a ʻaʻole ʻike mau ʻia. Akā aia mau ka hoʻololi ʻana o kahi gene a i ʻole kona hōʻike ʻana i loko o ke kelepona. A laila lilo kēia i paʻa ʻole a hoʻonui i kahi ʻano anarchic.

Inā hōʻike ka neoplasia i kahi pilikia o ka pālahalaha ʻana ma ke ʻano o nā metastases, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he maʻi maʻi maʻi; a i ʻole, he maʻi ʻaʻai maikaʻi.

ʻOiai maikaʻi, hiki i kahi neoplasia ke loaʻa ka hopena:

• ma nā hale pili: Ke nui aʻe ka cyst, nodule, a polyp, a i ʻole ke ulu ʻana o ke kino, hiki ke paio me kona puni. No laila, hiki ke hana ʻia ka hyperplasia prostatic maikaʻi e hoʻopaʻa i ka urethra a hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻōpū, pēlā e hana ai i nā maʻi urinary;
• ma nā hana mamao: inā ulu ka neoplasia mai kahi pūnaewele glandular, alakaʻi ia i ka hana nui o nā hormones. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻoulu i ka nui o nā hopena, e pili ana i nā kino i mamao loa mai ka ʻōpū. A laila ʻōlelo mākou i nā "syndrome paraneoplastic".

Ke maʻi ʻino ka maʻi ʻaʻai, aia kekahi pilikia o ka ʻike ʻana i ka laha wikiwiki ʻana o ka maʻi, i mea e pōʻino ai nā ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe o ke kino, akā ke ʻike pū ʻia hoʻi ka laha ʻana ma ke koena o ke kino, ma o ka metastases.

Ka laʻana o nā neoplasms pulmonary

He 5 a hiki i ka 10% o nā neoplasms pulmonary nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. ʻAʻole lākou e hana i nā hōʻailona. Akā i kekahi manawa, hoʻomohala lākou, me ka lohi, hoʻopaʻa i kahi bronchus, ka mea e hāpai i nā maʻi bacterial, me ka pneumonia a me ka bronchitis. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i ke koko koko (hemoptysis) a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o ka māmā (atelectasis), ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka ea e komo ana i ka wā hoʻoulu.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi ʻino, e hoʻoulu ai i ka a lung maʻi 'aʻai, ulu wikiwiki loa, hiki ke hana i nā hōʻailona like akā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka i kahi hapa nui o ka bronchi a hoʻopilikia i ka hanu hanu. Ma muli o ka pilina pili ma waena o nā māmā a me nā kīʻaha koko, pono no ka oxygenation o ke koko, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā metastases.

Inā he maʻi kanesa a ʻaʻole paha, hiki ke hoʻomaka ka pulmonary neoplasias ma ka bronchi, akā ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka māmā. Hiki i ka lesion ke hoʻopili i nā hale ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi nā aʻalolo, no ka laʻana e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka ʻiʻo a i ʻole nalo ke kaulike.

Eia kekahi, i kekahi manawa ua hoʻololi ʻia nā keʻena o ka neoplasm i mau ʻāpana glandular, e hana ana i nā hormones ma kahi ʻaʻole i hana maʻamau iā lākou. A laila, hōʻike ʻia ka ʻōpū me nā hōʻailona ʻaʻole hanu. Hiki i kēia maʻi paraneoplastic ke lawe i kekahi mau ʻano, hoʻokaʻawale a pili paha, e like me: 

• hyperthyroidism, me ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka sodium i loko o ke koko, nā hopena o ka huna ʻole ʻana o ka hormone antidiuretic (SIADH), a me ka tachycardia, ka makaʻu ʻole, ka sweating ʻokoʻa a me ka poho kaumaha e pili ana i ka overproduction o ka cortisone maoli (Cushing's syndrome). Inā hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua i kahi thyroid maʻamau, ʻimi ʻia kahi kumu ʻē aʻe: he hypersecretion paha o ka hormone choriogonadic (hCG) e kahi maʻi ʻōpū;
• hypercalcemia, ʻO ia ka hopena i ka nui o ka mimi (polyuria), nā hōʻailona o ka maloʻo ʻana (ka waha maloʻo, ke poʻo poʻo, ka huikau, ka huhū, ka haunaele o ka puʻuwai) a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka nausea a me ka luaʻi. Ma waena o nā wehewehe e hiki ai, ʻo ka huna ʻana o ka hormone parathyroid ma kahi ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka parathyroid gland, no ka laʻana e ka maʻi ʻōpū;
• hyperglycemia: ʻO kekahi mau maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻoulu i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka glucagon, ka hormone e hoʻokuʻu ai i ka glucose i loko o ke kahe koko;
• ʻākope, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o nā wāwae a me nā lima a me ka deformation o ka maka, pili i ka overproduction o nā hormones ulu.

ʻO kēia mau maʻi paraneoplastic, i loaʻa i ka 10% o nā hihia, hiki ke huki i ka manaʻo i ka pathology i kona hoʻomaka ʻana, no laila e hoʻolaha ana i ka maʻi maʻi mua.

Ka laʻana o nā neoplasms umauma

Pēlā nō, hiki ke maʻi a maʻi ʻole paha nā ʻōpū o ka umauma. ʻOiai liʻiliʻi, hiki iā lākou ke paio me nā hale aʻalolo a i ʻole nā ​​​​moku lymphatic, e hōʻeha ai i ka ʻeha. Inā hoʻomaka ka neoplasia i loko o kahi kelepona glandular, hiki iā ia ke hana i ka maʻi paraneoplastic. Ma laila hou, ʻokoʻa nā ʻano, ʻo ka hypercalcemia maligna ka mea pinepine. ʻO kēia mau pilikia ka hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

I nā kāne, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā mammary glands e ka neoplasia, hoʻonui i ka nui a huna i ka estrogen. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou kekekekikia. ʻO ka umauma e hoʻokuke ana (a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻelua) ke alakaʻi maʻamau i kahi kūkākūkā. Hoʻoponopono koke ka excision o nā ʻili nui i ka hyperestrogenia.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana ma muli o nā kumu he nui: 

• ʻano o ka maʻi koko;
• wahi ;
• kahua pāʻani ;
• hoʻonui ;
• kūlana maʻamau o ka mea maʻi;
• etc. 

Ke maikaʻi ka neoplasia a ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu i nā hōʻailona, ​​​​hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia ka nānā mau. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, i mua o kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi, pono kahi hoʻokele. He ʻoki paha ia (ka wehe ʻana i ka tumo, wehe ʻana i nā mea āpau a i ʻole kekahi hapa o ke kino), radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi maʻi maʻamau a hoʻopilikia e hoʻomau a ʻoi aku ka ʻino, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.