Contents
ʻO Pasterns
ʻO ka pastern kahi ʻāpana o ka iwi iwi i ka pae o ka pāma.
Anatomy
Kūlana. ʻO ka pastern kekahi o nā ʻāpana ʻekolu o ka iwi iwi (1).
Hoʻolālā. Hana ʻia ka ʻiʻo o ka poho lima, ʻelima iwi lōʻihi, kapa ʻia ʻo M1 a M5 (2). Hoʻopuka nā iwi metacarpal ma hope me nā iwi carpal a ma mua me nā phalanges, e hiki ai ke hana ʻia nā manamana lima.
Huina. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā iwi a me nā hui o ka pastern e nā ligaments a me nā tendons. Hoʻohui ʻia nā hui metacarpophalangeal e nā ligament collateral, a me ka pā palmar (3).
Nā hana o ka pastern
Nā neʻe lima. Hoʻohui ʻia e nā ami, hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā iwi metacarpal ma muli o ka nui o nā tendon a me nā ʻiʻo e pane ana i nā memo nerve like ʻole. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻae lākou i ka neʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā manamana lima a me nā neʻe hoʻohui a me ka ʻaihue ʻana o ka manamana lima (2).
Kāhiki. ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka lima, a ʻo ia hoʻi o ka paster, ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka hiki o ke kino ke hopu i nā mea (4).
Metacarpal pathology
Nā haʻihaʻi metacarpal. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka pastern a haki. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā haʻihaʻi ʻokoʻa mai nā haʻihaʻi hui e pili ana i ka hui a koi ʻia ka loiloi piha ʻana i nā ʻeha. Hiki i nā iwi metacarpal ke haʻihaʻi mai ka hāʻule ʻana me ka lima paʻa a i ʻole ka hahau nui ʻana me ka lima (5).
osteoporosis. Hiki i kēia ma'i ke ho'opō'ino i ka pastern a lilo i ka nalowale o ka iwi nui i 'ike 'ia i ka po'e ma mua o 60 makahiki.
Arthritis. He kūpono ia i nā kūlana i hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻeha ma nā hono, nā ligaments, nā tendons a i ʻole nā iwi, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka metacarpus. Hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻaʻahu a me ka waimaka o ka cartilage e pale ana i nā iwi o nā ami, ʻo ka osteoarthritis ka ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻāʻī. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻāmi o nā lima e ka mumū i ka hihia o ka rheumatoid arthritis (7). Hiki i kēia mau kūlana ke alakaʻi i ka deformity o nā manamana lima.
ʻO ka haʻihaʻi metacarpal: ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana
Kāohi i ka haʻalulu a me ka ʻeha ma ka lima. No ka kaupalena ʻana i nā haʻihaʻi a me nā maʻi musculoskeletal, pono ka pale ʻana ma ke kau ʻana i ka pale a i ʻole ke aʻo ʻana i nā hana kūpono.
Hoʻomaʻo Orthopedic. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka haʻihaʻi, e hana ʻia ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi plaster a i ʻole resin e hoʻopaʻa i ka lima.
Nā hōʻailona lapaʻau. Ma muli o ke ʻano i ʻike ʻia, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau no ka hoʻoponopono a hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka ʻiʻo iwi.
ʻO keʻano maʻamau. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka haʻihaʻi ʻana, hiki ke hana ʻia ke ʻoki ʻana me ke kau ʻana i nā pine a i ʻole nā papa wili.
Nā hōʻike metacarpal
Ke kaulike. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, hiki i ka hoʻokolohua lapaʻau ke ʻike a loiloi i ka ʻeha lima i ʻike ʻia e ka mea maʻi.
ʻImi hoʻokolohua kiʻi. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ka hoʻokolohua lapaʻau e kahi x-ray. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi MRI, CT scan, a i ʻole arthrography e loiloi a ʻike i nā ʻeha. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka scintigraphy a i ʻole ka iwi densitometry e loiloi i nā pathologies iwi.
Symbolic
Mea hana kamaʻilio. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā hana lima me ka ʻōlelo.