Pneumosclerosis o ka māmā

Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "pneumosclerosis" e ka lāʻau lapaʻau mai ka makahiki 1819, ʻo Laennec ka mea mua i hoʻokomo iā ia, nāna i hana i kēia e wehewehe i ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi i hōʻino ʻia ka pā bronchus, ua hoʻonui ʻia kekahi hapa. Ua hui ka manaʻo i ʻelua mau huaʻōlelo Helene - māmā a me ka compaction.

He aha ka pulmonary fibrosis?

ʻO ka pneumosclerosis o ka māmā he hoʻonui maʻamau i ka nui o ka ʻiʻo pili i hiki ke hana i loko o ka māmā o ke kanaka ma muli o ka mumū, kahi kaʻina dystrophic. ʻO nā ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia e ia mau kiko e nalowale i ko lākou elasticity, ʻike ʻia nā loli pathological i ke ʻano o ka bronchi. Hoʻemi a mānoanoa ka ʻiʻo māmā, loaʻa i ke kino ke ʻano like ʻole o ka ea, a hiki ke hoʻoemi. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻike ʻia kēia maʻi e nā kāne (akā, ʻaʻole pale ʻia nā wahine), ʻaʻole pāʻani ka makahiki.

Nā kumu o ka pneumosclerosis

Aia nā maʻi, ʻo ka nele o ka manawa kūpono a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono e hiki ai ke hoʻomohala i ka pneumosclerosis i ka mea maʻi:

• sarcoidosis o ka māmā;

• maʻi maʻi (pleura, māmā), mycosis;

• bronchitis ma kahi ʻano maʻi;

• pneumonia (infectious, aspiratory, viral);

• nā kinoea ʻenehana;

• radiation therapy (i ka hakakā me ka maʻi kanesa);

• alveolitis (fibrosing, allergic);

• hōʻino i nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko (granulomatosis);

• ʻO ka reflux gastroesophageal mau loa;

• ka pōʻino i ka sternum, ka trauma i ka parenchyma māmā;

• genetic predisposition (maʻi pulmonary);

• exudative pleurisy (ʻano koʻikoʻi, lōʻihi ka papa);

• mea haole i loko o ka bronchi.

Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia ka maʻi ma o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau (apressin, cordarone). Eia kekahi, ʻo nā maʻamau maikaʻi ʻole (ka puhi ʻana), ka ʻona maikaʻi ʻole (noho i kahi pōʻino) i manaʻo ʻia he kumu pilikia.

Aia nā ʻoihana nona ka poʻe nona ka pilikia nui. ʻO ka hana ʻino, ʻo nā mines nā wahi e ulu ai nā kinoea ʻino a me ka lepo. Hoʻoweliweli ka pōʻino i nā mea ʻoki aniani, nā mea kūkulu hale, nā mea wili a pēlā aku.

Hōʻailona pneumosclerosis

ʻO nā hōʻailona nui o ka pulmonary pneumosclerosis nā hōʻike o ka maʻi, ka hopena i lilo ai.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​e hōʻike ana i ka pono e kipa koke i ke kauka:

• pōkole o ka hanu, loaʻa kahi ʻano paʻa, e waiho ana ma kahi ʻano hana ʻole;

• ʻo ka ʻuhū nui, i hele pū ʻia me nā mea huna i ke ʻano o ka mucopurulent sputum;

• ka luhi mau loa, nawaliwali, ka poni;

• ʻeha ma ka umauma;

• cyanosis o ka ʻili;

• Kaumaha emi;

• ʻo ka umauma deformity;

• ka lawa ole o ka pulmonary;

• nā phalanges o nā manamana lima e like me nā pahu pahu (nā manamana lima o Hippocrates);

• rales on auscultation (maloʻo, finely bubbling).

ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi e pili pono ana i ka nui o ke kino pili pathological. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona liʻiliʻi ka mea nui o ka pneumosclerosis liʻiliʻi.

Nā ʻano o ka pneumosclerosis

E like me ka ikaika o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka parenchyma pulmonary o ka ʻiʻo pili, he mea maʻamau ia e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia mau ʻano o ka pneumosclerosis:

• ʻO ka fibrosis. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻiʻo connective a me ka māmā i loko o kahi mea maʻi.

• Sclerosis. Aia kahi pani o ka parenchyma māmā me ka ʻiʻo pili, deformation o kona ʻano.

• Cirrhosis. Hoʻopili i ka pleura, hoʻololi i nā kīʻaha koko, bronchi a me alveoli me ka collagen, nā hemahema o nā hana hoʻololi kinoea. Manaʻo ʻia kēia pae i ka pōʻino loa.

Wahi a ke kahua o ka lesion, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻano o kēia maʻi:

• interstitial;

• peribronchial;

• alveolar;

• perilobular;

• perivascular.

Inā hoʻomohala ka mea maʻi i ka pneumosclerosis interstitial, ʻo ka maʻi pneumonia interstitial paha ke kumu. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka ʻiʻo pili ka wahi e pili ana i ka bronchi, nā kīʻaha koko, a me ka interalveolar septa pū kekahi.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona peribronchial ka hopena pinepine o ka bronchitis mau. No kēia ʻano, ʻo ka hopu ʻana o ka wahi e hoʻopuni ana i ka bronchi o ka mea maʻi he ʻano maʻamau, ʻo ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻiʻo pili ma kahi o ka ʻiʻo māmā. ʻO ka maʻi i ka hapanui o nā hihia e hōʻike iā ia iho me ka ʻāʻī, ma hope o kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka sputum.

ʻO ka pneumosclerosis perivaskular ke ʻano o ka pōʻino i ka wahi e puni ana i nā kīʻaha koko. Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo Perilobular i ka localization o ka lesion ma nā alahaka interlobular.

Eia kekahi, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pneumosclerosis i nā ʻano ma muli o ke ʻano o ka maʻi e hōʻoia ai i kona laha.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hui ma lalo nei:

• sclerosis o ke akemāmā;

• postnecrotic;

• hoʻokaʻawale.

Eia kekahi, ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka prevalence o ka maʻi - kaupalena, diffuse pneumosclerosis.

ʻO ke ʻano palena, ua māhele ʻia i ka kūloko a me ka focal:

• Hiki ke loaʻa ka pneumosclerosis kūloko i ke kino o ke kanaka no ka manawa lōʻihi me ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻana i nā hōʻailona. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ke kani ʻana a me ka hanu paʻakikī ke hoʻolohe. E kōkua pū kekahi x-ray i ka hana ʻana i kahi hōʻailona, ​​​​e hōʻike ke kiʻi i kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻiʻo māmā paʻa. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia ʻano ke lilo i kumu o ka lawa ʻole o ka pulmonary.

• ʻO ke kumu o nā ʻano kikoʻī he ʻōpū māmā, e alakaʻi ana i ka pōʻino i ka parenchyma māmā. Eia kekahi, aia ke kumu i loko o nā ana (tuberculosis). Ke hoʻonui nei paha i ka ʻiʻo pili, ka pōʻino i ka foci i loaʻa a i hoʻōla ʻia.

Pneumosclerosis diffuse o ka māmā

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka pneumosclerosis diffuse ʻaʻole i hoʻokahi māmā (hema a ʻākau paha), akā ʻelua. I kēia hihia, hiki ke loaʻa nā cysts i loko o ka māmā, a hiki nō hoʻi nā loli pathological i hiki mai me nā moku. Hoʻopilikia ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai o ka ʻiʻo māmā me ka oxygen, hoʻopilikia ʻia nā kaʻina hana ventilation. Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia kahi "cor pulmonale" ma ke ʻano diffuse. Hōʻike ʻia kēia maʻi e ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka puʻuwai ʻākau, ma muli o ke koko kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ke anatomy o nā māmā i ka pneumosclerosis diffuse e loaʻa i kēia mau loli:

• Collagenization o ke akemāmā - ma kahi o ka degeneration o nā elastic fibers, ʻike ʻia nā wahi nui o nā fiber collagen.

• Hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā māmā, deformed ke ʻano.

• Hōʻike ʻia nā lua (cysts) i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka epithelium bronchoalveolar.

ʻO nā kumu nui o ka uluʻana o kēia maʻi he mau hana inflammatory e hanaʻia ana i loko o ka umauma. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ko lākou kumu - ka maʻi maʻi, ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, ka maʻi radiation, ka ʻike ʻana i nā kinikona, syphilis, ka ʻeha o ka umauma.

Ma kahi mamao loa mai ka pneumosclerosis diffuse mau e aʻo e pili ana iā ia iho me nā hōʻailona kikoʻī. Hiki i ka mea maʻi ke loaʻa i ka pōkole o ka hanu, i ka manawa mua wale nō me ka luhi, ka hana paʻakikī, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa haʻuki. A laila hele mai ka manawa i ʻike ʻia ka pōkole o ka hanu ma kahi kūlana mālie, i ka wā hoʻomaha. ʻAʻole kēia hōʻailona wale nō, hiki nō hoʻi ke ʻū (maloʻo, pinepine), ʻeha mau i ka ʻeha o ka umauma.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia e like me ka pōkole o ka hanu, cyanosis o ka ʻili, i hāʻawi ʻia e ka nele o ka oxygen. Hiki koke i ka mea maʻi ke lilo i ke kaumaha, manaʻo i ka nāwaliwali mau.

Pneumosclerosis pili

ʻO ke kumu maʻamau o ka pneumosclerosis hilar he bronchitis, he ʻano maʻi. Hiki i nā "kumu" o ka maʻi ke lilo i mea make me nā mea ʻino, ka maʻi maʻi, a me ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e kū kūʻē i ke ʻano o nā kaʻina inflammatory, dystrophy. ʻO nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ka nalo ʻana o ka elasticity i ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka ʻiʻo pili e kū ana ma nā wahi basal o ka māmā. Hoʻohui pū ʻia he uhaki i ka hoʻololi kinoea.

Basal pneumosclerosis

Inā hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻiʻo māmā e ka ʻiʻo pili ma nā ʻāpana basal, ua kapa ʻia kēia maʻi pneumosclerosis basal. ʻO kekahi kumu nui o kēia maʻi i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka maʻi maʻi haʻahaʻa, malia paha ua loaʻa i ka mea maʻi kēia maʻi. E hōʻike ana kahi x-ray i ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā kiko o nā ʻāpana basal, kahi hoʻonui i ke kumu.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka pulmonary pneumosclerosis

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka pneumosclerosis, pono ʻoe e kākau inoa no ke kūkākūkā me kahi kauka lapaʻau a i ʻole pulmonologist. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā ʻano lapaʻau e ka pae i loaʻa ai ka maʻi. ʻO ke ʻano mua, ʻoluʻolu, ʻaʻole i hui pū ʻia me nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole pono ka lāʻau hoʻoikaika. Hāʻawi ʻia i ka pneumosclerosis i ka hapa nui o nā hihia e like me ka maʻi concomitant, pono e mālama i kona kumu.

Nā hale ʻōpū

ʻO kahi ala hou e hakakā ai i ka pneumosclerosis ka cell therapy. ʻO nā pūnaewele kumu nā mea mua o nā cell a pau i loko o ke kino kanaka. ʻO kā lākou "talenta" kūʻokoʻa e waiho nei i ka hiki ke hoʻololi i nā pūnaewele ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ikaika ʻia kēia ʻano i ka cell therapy e kūʻē i ka pulmonary pneumosclerosis.

Ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ke koko, komo nā pūnaewele kumu ma ke kahe koko a hiki i ke kino i hoʻopilikia ʻia. A laila, hoʻololi lākou i nā ʻiʻo i hōʻino ʻia e ka maʻi. I ka like, hoʻoikaika ʻia ka pale pale o ke kino, hoʻāla ʻia nā kaʻina metabolic. Hānau hou ʻia ka ʻiʻo māmā maʻamau.

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka cell therapy e ka lā i hoʻomaka ai. Pono e hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana ma mua o ka hopu ʻia ʻana o nā māmā āpau e ke kaʻina fibrosis. ʻO ka holomua ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kahua o ka ʻiʻo olakino, pono ia no nā cell e hoʻopili paʻa a hoʻomaka i nā kaʻina hana hou.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka mālama ʻana i ka stem cell i nā kaʻina metabolic i loko o ke kino o ka mea maʻi me ka pneumosclerosis. Hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā hana o ka endocrine, immune a me nā ʻōnaehana nerve. Hoʻopuka pū nā cell i kahi hopena antitumor maikaʻi. Ma muli o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻihoʻi hou ke kino i hoʻopilikia ʻia i kāna hana nalowale a lilo i olakino.

ʻO ka hopena o ka mālama "cellular" ʻo ia ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka māmā, ka nalowale o ka hanu a me ka ʻū maloʻo, ʻo ia nā kumu nui o ka ʻeha mau loa o ka mea maʻi. Ua hōʻoia ʻia ka palekana a me ka maikaʻi o ka therapy e nā haʻawina he nui.

Hoʻolālā maʻi oxy 

ʻO ka Oxygen therapy kahi ʻenehana lapaʻau hou e pili ana i ka inhalation o kahi hui oxygen-gas e ka mea maʻi. ʻO ke kaʻina hana e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke uku no ka nele o ka oxygen i hana ʻia i loko o ke kino. ʻO kekahi o nā hōʻailona nui no ka hoʻokō ʻana ʻo ia ka pneumosclerosis o nā māmā.

ʻO ke kinoea, kahi mea hana o ka oxygen therapy, ua hoʻopiha ʻia me ka oxygen i ka leo like i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ea lewa. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka hāʻawi kinoea me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā catheters nasal (intranasal), hiki nō hoʻi:

• nā maka (waha a me ka ihu);

• hale lole oxygen;

• nā paipu (tracheostomy, intubation);

• oxygenation hyperbaric.

Mahalo i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka oxygen, hiki ke hoʻihoʻi hou i ka metabolism cellular.

Laau Laau Laau

Inā hele pū ka papa o ka pneumosclerosis me nā exacerbations inflammatory (pneumonia, bronchitis), ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka mea maʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau:

• maʻi koʻohune;

• anti-hoʻoʻino;

• expectorant;

• mucolytic;

• bronchodilators.

Inā paʻakikī ka pneumosclerosis, aia ka piʻi wikiwiki o ka maʻi, hoʻopili nā kauka i nā glucocorticosteroids. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau hormonal i nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, e hoʻōki i ke kaʻina inflammatory, hoʻopau i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻiʻo pili. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia kēia mau lāʻau me nā immunosuppressive agents. Hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā hoʻomākaukau anabolic a me nā huaora.

I mea e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka hiki, hoʻohana ʻia ka therapeutic bronchoscopy. Hāʻawi kēia manipulation iā ʻoe e hāʻawi pololei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka ʻiʻo bronchial, e wehe i nā mea congestive a me nā mea ʻeha o ka ʻōnaehana bronchopulmonary.

Ke kaukino

Inā loaʻa ka pneumosclerosis i ka mea maʻi, hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi i ka physiotherapy. ʻO ka hana o nā kaʻina hana physiotherapeutic i kēia hihia, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi i ka wā hana ʻole, e hoʻopaʻa i ke kaʻina hana i ka hana hana.

I ka nele o ka pulmonary insufficiency, iontophoresis me ka calcium chloride, hōʻike ʻia ka novocaine. Hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia kahi ultrasound me ka novocaine. Inā loaʻa ka maʻi i kahi uku uku, pono e hana i ka inductometry a me ka diathermy ma ka ʻāpana o ka umauma. Me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka sputum maikaʻi ʻole, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōnaehana Vermel (electrophoresis me iodine), me ka malnutrition - ultraviolet irradiation. ʻO kahi koho ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻo ka irradiation me kahi kukui solux.

Inā hiki, ʻōlelo ʻia ka physiotherapy e hui pū me ka lāʻau climatic. Hōʻike ʻia nā maʻi me ka pneumosclerosis e hoʻomaha ma kahakai o ke Kai Make. He hopena ho'ōla ke ea kūloko i ke kino i hoʻopilikia ʻia.

Hoʻoikaika kino

ʻO ka hana nui, ʻo ka hoʻokō ʻana i hoʻokō ʻia e nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino therapeutic, ʻo ia ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā ʻiʻo hanu. Pono e mālama ʻia nā papa ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana o nā kumu aʻoaʻo ʻoihana, ʻoi aku ka pōʻino o nā hana amateur.

ʻO ka pneumosclerosis uku he hōʻailona ia no nā haʻuki hanu. Pono e hana ʻia kēlā me kēia hoʻomaʻamaʻa me ka ʻole o ka haʻalulu, e pili ana i ka wikiwiki a i ʻole ka wikiwiki, e hoʻonui mālie i ka ukana. ʻO kahi maikaʻi loa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai ʻo ke alanui, hoʻonui ka ea hou i ka pono o nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa. Loaʻa nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa physiotherapy i nā contraindications - ke kuni kiʻekiʻe, ke ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, ka hemoptysis mau.

I ka wā e uku ai i ke kaʻina hana pathological, hiki i nā maʻi ke hoʻohui i kekahi mau haʻuki. Me ka pneumosclerosis, he mea pono ka hoe, skating a me ka ski. Paipai pinepine nā kauka i ka lomilomi umauma. Me ke kōkua o nā kaʻina hana, hoʻopau ʻia ka congestion i hana ʻia i loko o ka ʻiʻo māmā. Hoʻomaikaʻi ka lomilomi i ke ʻano o ka puʻuwai, bronchi, māmā, a pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka fibrosis pulmonary.

ʻOihana hana

He kūpono paha ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka maʻi inā loaʻa ka maʻi i kahi ʻano kūloko o ka maʻi, ka luku ʻana i ka ʻiʻo māmā, suppuration o ka parenchyma māmā, fibrosis a me ka cirrhosis o ka māmā. ʻO ke kumu o ka mālama ʻana ʻo ka wehe ʻana i ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia o ka ʻiʻo māmā.

mea pale akuʻa

ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka pale ʻana i ka pneumosclerosis ma mua o ka hoʻopau loa ʻana iā ia. ʻO ka mea nui loa no kēia, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, bronchitis, a me ke anu. E kōkua pū ana kēia mau mea:

• e haʻalele i ka puhipaka;

• hoʻololi i ka hana me ka launa pinepine ʻana me nā pōʻino hana;

• ka hoemi ana i ka inu rama;

• nā kaʻina hana paʻakikī;

• nā hoʻoikaika hanu maʻamau, gymnastics;

• ka meaʻai kaulike, ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea paʻakikī vitamina;

• hele pinepine i ka lewa;

• lekiō makahiki.

ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhi paka ka mea nui loa ma kēia papa inoa. Hoʻopilikia koʻikoʻi ka cigarette i ke ʻano o ka māmā, kōkua i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi o nā ʻōpū hanu.

Inā ʻike ʻia ka pneumosclerosis i ka manawa kūpono, ma lalo o ka mālama kūpono, mālama pono ka mea maʻi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ke kauka a alakaʻi i kahi ola olakino, e pio ka maʻi.