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In the situation with the deprivation of the right to drive a car in the Federation in 2022, there have been no significant changes so far. Punishment continues to threaten drivers who commit gross or systematic violations of traffic rules, and debtors. It is worth noting that in April 2018, a new law was adopted in the country, which provides for a ban on driving a car, suspected or accused of a crime.
ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke lawe i ke kuleana e hoʻomalu
Hiki i ka luna kānāwai ke ho'opau i ka laikini ka'a. He kuleana ko ka mākaʻi kaʻa kaʻa e kākau i kahi protocol ma kahi hoʻopaʻi hoʻomalu. Hiki ke hoʻopiʻi ʻia ma ka ʻaha hoʻokolokolo. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻae i nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa a ka limahana, pono ʻoe e hōʻike i ka memo o ka protocol - "ʻAʻole wau ʻae", - wehewehe ʻo "KP" loio Anastasia Nikishina.
I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, hoʻomaka ka mākaʻi kaʻa i ka hoʻoholo no ka pono e hoʻihoʻi i ka laikini kaʻa ma 2022. ʻO kāna mākaukau e komo wale i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā palapala no ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka hihia i ka ʻaha, akā ʻaʻole ka wehe ʻana o ka laikini kaʻa. ʻO ka hoʻoholo no ka hoʻonele ʻana i ke kuleana e hoʻokele kaʻa i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka ʻaha ma ke ʻano he hoʻopaʻi nui a ʻoi aku paha. E hoʻomanaʻo, no nā hewa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā kāmela kiaʻi, ʻaʻole pili ʻia ka hoʻopaʻi.
Pehea ka lōʻihi e hiki ai ke pāpā ʻia ke kalaiwa mai ka hoʻokele?
In accordance with the commentary to Art. 32.7 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Federation, the period of deprivation of a special right cannot be less than one month and more than two years. However, according to the requirements of paragraph 3 of Article 32.7, the period of deprivation of a special right begins on the day following the day of the expiration of the term of the administrative penalty applied earlier. Therefore, if the court deprives the rights of a driver who has already been deprived of his rights, the countdown of the new term will begin only after the expiration of the first punishment. Thus, in exceptional cases, the driver may be deprived of the rights for a long period, equivalent to life.
No ke aha e lilo ai kāu laikini kaʻa
Deprivation of rights provides for several articles of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Federation. The following is a non-exhaustive list of the most common violations, categorized according to the length of the sentence.
Kaʻilihune a i 3 mahina Hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻāpana 1.1 o ka Paukū 12.1 no ka hoʻokele mau ʻana i kahi kaʻa i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻi hoʻokahi e komo i ka uhaki ʻana i ka ʻāpana 2 o ka ʻatikala 12.2 no ka hoʻokele kaʻa me ka ʻole o nā papa inoa mokuʻāina a i ʻole me nā helu i hoʻololi ʻia.
No 6 mahina e hāʻawi i ka hoʻonele ʻana i nā kuleana o nā ʻāpana 4 a me 5 o ka ʻatikala 12.9 no ka ʻoi aku o ka palena wikiwiki e 60 a 80 km / h, a i ʻole ma mua o 80 km / h. Hoʻoweliweli ka hoʻopaʻi like i ka poʻe i uhaki i ka Paukū 12.10 no ka haʻalele ʻana i ke ala kaʻaahi me kahi pale paʻa a pani paha, a i ʻole me kahi hōʻailona pāpā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lilo i kou kuleana no ʻeono mahina ma muli o ka uhaki ʻana i ka ʻāpana 3 o ka ʻatikala 12.12 no ka hoʻokuʻu hou ʻana i kahi kukui pāpā; pauku 4 o ka Paukū 12.15 no ke oki ma ke ala e hiki mai ana; a ma lalo o ka pauku 12.16 no ke kaʻa ʻana ma ke ala hoʻokahi ma ke ala ʻē aʻe o ke kahe.
No ka 1 makahiki ʻO ka poʻe i uhaki i ka ʻāpana 4 o ka ʻatikala 12.2 ka poʻe e hoʻokele kaʻa me nā helu hoʻopunipuni maopopo e nalowale ana ko lākou kuleana.
No 1,5 mau makahiki Ma lalo o ka 'atikala 12.5, hiki ke ho'oku'u 'ia nā mea ho'okele e ho'okomo i nā kukui uila a me kā lākou mau simulators (no ka la'ana, nā kukui strobe). Hāʻawi ʻia ka hoʻopaʻi like ma ka Paukū 12.27 no ka poʻe i komo i kahi pōʻino i haʻalele i ke kahua.
Kaʻilihune no ka manawa o 1,5 a 2 mau makahiki wehewehe ʻia no ka poʻe i uhaki i ka ʻatikala 12.8, ke kaʻa ʻana me ka ʻona.
He mea nui
Mai Iulai 2022, ua hana ʻia nā hoʻololi koʻikoʻi i ke code karaima a me ka hoʻokele. Pili lākou i ka poʻe lawehala i hopu pinepine ʻia e hoʻokele kaʻa i ka wā ʻona, ʻoiai ua hoʻonele ʻia lākou i ka laikini kaʻa.
Wahi a ka ʻatikala administrative 12.7 o ke Code of Administrative Offenses ("Ke hoʻokele ʻana i kahi kaʻa e ka mea hoʻokele kaʻa ʻole ke kuleana e hoʻokele kaʻa"), inā loaʻa ka mea hoʻokele i kāna kuleana i ka hoʻokele hou ʻana i ka makahiki, e hoʻopaʻi ʻia me ka uku o 50-100 tausani rubles. a i ʻole ka hana koi no ka manawa o 150–200 hola.
Inā loaʻa ia mea hoʻokele kaʻa no ke kolu o ka manawa, e manaʻo ʻia ka hewa ma ke ʻano he lawehala. Maanei hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka uku a hiki i ka 200 tausani rubles, 360 mau hola o ka hana koi, a hiki i ka noho ʻana i kahi kolone a hiki i hoʻokahi makahiki.
Another innovation is Article 264.3 of the Criminal Code of the Federation (“Driving a vehicle by a person deprived of the right to drive vehicles and subjected to administrative punishment or having a criminal record”). Its essence is that if a “disenfranchised person”, whose rights were previously taken away for a criminal offense, is once again caught driving, they can now be punished with a fine of up to 300 thousand rubles, compulsory work up to 480 hours, and give two years in prison. The law also provides for the confiscation of the car of such a violator.
Pehea e ʻike ai i ka manawa o ka nele o ka laikini kaʻa
ʻO ka helu ʻana, e like me ka wehewehe ʻana o nā mākaʻi kaʻa, e hoʻomaka i ka lā i mana ai ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka ʻaha. Ma hope o ka hoʻopuka ʻana, pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka laikini kaʻa i ka mākaʻi kaʻa i loko o 3 mau lā. Inā ʻaʻole i hana ka mea hoʻokele i kēia, hoʻonui ʻia ka manawa hoʻopaʻi e like me ka pauku 2 o ka Paukū 32.7. No laila, e hoʻomaka ka helu ʻana o ka manawa o ka nele ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o ka laikini kaʻa a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi noi no kona poho.
Pehea e hāʻawi ai i ka palapala hōʻoia i ka mākaʻi kaʻa
Ua manaʻo ʻia e hāʻawi ʻia ka laikini kaʻa i ka ʻāpana kahi i hoʻouna ʻia ai ke kope o ke kauoha a ka ʻaha. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi pololei ʻia kēia kūlana ma ke kānāwai. No laila, inā ua hoʻopuka ʻia ka ʻōlelo hoʻoholo no ka hoʻonele ʻana i nā kuleana e ka ʻaha ma kahi o ka noho ʻana, a ʻo ka mea hoʻokele he mau kaukani kilomita ka mamao, ʻaʻole pāpā ke kānāwai i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka palapala hōʻoia i kahi ʻāpana ʻē aʻe. Inā hōʻole nā limahana o ka mākaʻi kaʻa kaʻa ma kahi o ka noho maoli ʻana e ʻae i ka palapala hōʻoia a hāʻawi i kahi hōʻoia i kākau ʻia, hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia nā kuleana i ka ʻāpana like me ka leka uila me ka wehewehe ʻana o ka hoʻopili a me kahi palapala hoʻihoʻi.
Pehea e hoʻihoʻi ai i kāu laikini kaʻa
Wahi a ka Paukū 32.6, no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka laikini, pono ka mea hoʻokele e hoʻāʻo i ka ʻike o nā lula kaʻa a uku i nā uku a pau. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana he hōʻike manaʻo wale nō. I ka manawa like, hiki iā ʻoe ke hele i ka hoʻokolokolo ma mua, ma hope o ka hapalua o ka manawa o ka hoʻonele ʻana i nā kuleana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka ʻaha.
He aha hou aʻe e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke lilo i ke kuleana e hoʻokele kaʻa
Back in January 2016, the amendments “On Amendments to the Federal Law “On Enforcement Proceedings” and Certain Legislative Acts of the Federation” came into force. The amendments expand the list of enforcement actions performed by a bailiff in relation to debtors. In particular, for non-payment of fines or alimony, the possibility of temporary restriction of the debtor in the use of a special right to drive vehicles has been established. The restriction is valid until the requirements are met in full or until other grounds arise for its cancellation.
I ʻApelila 2018, ua hoʻomaka ʻia kahi kānāwai e hoʻolauna ana i kahi ʻano kaohi hou no ka poʻe i manaʻo ʻia a i hoʻopiʻi ʻia no ka hewa - "ka pāpā ʻana i kekahi mau hana." Wahi a ka ʻatikala hou o ka Criminal Code 105.1, hiki i ka ʻaha hoʻokolokolo ke hoʻopaʻa i ka pāpā ʻana i ka hoʻokele kaʻa a i ʻole nā kaʻa ʻē aʻe inā pili ka hewa i ka uhai ʻana i nā lula kaʻa a me nā lula no ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka pāpā ʻana ma muli o ka nui o ka hewa. No ka liʻiliʻi a me ka haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hiki i 12 mahina, no nā hewa koʻikoʻi a hiki i 24 mahina, a no nā hewa koʻikoʻi a hiki i 36 mahina. ʻO ka helu ʻana o ka manawa, a me ka hihia o ka uhai ʻana i nā lula kaʻa, hoʻomaka mai ka lā i hoʻoholo ai ka ʻaha.
ʻO ka hoʻoholo no ke koho ʻana i kahi ana o ke kaohi ʻia e ka ʻaha ma hope o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka palapala noi o ka hoʻokolokolo. Lawe ʻia ka laikini kaʻa mai ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia a i ʻole ka mea i manaʻo ʻia e ka mea noiʻi, ka mea noiʻi a i ʻole ka ʻaha. Hoʻopili ʻia ka palapala i ka hihia karaima a mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano o ia palapala a hiki i ka wā e hoʻopau ʻia ai ka pāpā. No ka mea, ʻo ka "pāpaʻi ʻana i kekahi mau hana", ʻoiaʻiʻo, he ʻano mea pale, pono ka Federal Penitentiary Service e hoʻomalu i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hoʻoholo o ka ʻaha.
No laila
I ka makahiki 2022, ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻāʻo ʻawaʻawa wikiwiki no nā kaʻa.
Inā kānalua nā mākaʻi mākaʻi e pili ana i ka ʻoluʻolu o ka mea kaʻa, akā ʻaʻole lawa lākou e hoʻomaka i ke kaʻina hana "purging" me ke kōkua o kahi breathalyzer, hiki i ka mea nānā ke hāʻawi i ka mea hoʻokele e hoʻohana i ke ʻano hōʻike mua. E hōʻole paha ka mea hoʻokele i ka nānā ʻana, a ʻaʻole pili kēia i nā hopena kānāwai. Akā i kēia hihia, pono ka mea nānā e hana i kahi hana hoʻokuʻu mai ka hoʻokele. Ma hope o kēlā, pono ka mea kaʻa e "puhi i ka paipu" a i ʻole e hele i kahi keʻena olakino. Wahi a ke poʻo o ka mākaʻi kaʻa, ʻo Mikhail Chernikov, e ʻae kēia hana hou iā ʻoe ʻaʻole e hoʻopau i ka manawa ma ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua. Inā hōʻike ka hōʻike ʻana he kuʻo ka mea kaʻa, hiki ke neʻe me ka ʻole o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kaʻina hana hoʻokele.
Manaʻo ʻia ka hiki ʻana mai o nā mea hoʻolaha no ka ʻike wikiwiki ʻana i nā mea hoʻokele ʻona ma 2022.