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ʻO ka lua, ʻaʻole inu wela ka sake. ʻO ka wela o ka lawelawe ʻana, ʻo ka mea mua, ma ke ʻano ʻano: ʻo nā waina raiki Iapana maikaʻi loa - premium, super-premium, mea kākau - nalowale ka momona a me ka ʻala i ka wā i wela ai, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka inu ʻana iā lākou me ke anuanu.
Aia kekahi "ʻekolu". ʻAʻole ʻo Sake ka inoa kūhelu no kēia inu. I Iapana, kapa ʻia ka sake (Nihon - Iapana, Xu - sake) a i ʻole seisyu… Kau ʻia ka inoa hope i loko o ke kānāwai Kepani.
He aha kāu e pono ai e make
No ka hana hana wale nō hoʻoheloli raiki, no ka mea, aia wale no ke kikowaena o ka hua laiki ka mākiko e pono ai no ka fermentation. Hoʻopau ka wili i 25% a 70% o nā papa luna o ka palaoa. Ma hope o ka wili ʻana, holoi ʻia ka laiki, pulu a hoʻohu ʻia.
Ma waho o ka laiki, hoʻohana ʻia ka wai, koji a me shubo e hana i ke sake. Hana iā ia - he mau laiki kēia i hoʻopili ʻia e ka kojikin puna, aka. I kahi huaʻōlelo e piʻi aʻe wau kapa ʻia he mea hū, a ʻo ka laiki, ka wai, ke koji a me ka hū.
Komo nā koji a me ka shubo i kahi ʻenehana ʻokoʻa pāhoʻonui lua lua… ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia ka laiki i ka mākiko, a ʻaʻohe kō maoli. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki i ka fermentation maʻamau (ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kō i ka waiʻona ma lalo o ka mana o ka hū). Hele mai ʻo ia e hoʻopakele koodzi - kahi hua laiki e hoʻopili ʻia e ka pala. I ke koji aia kekahi enzyme kūikawā e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kō mai ka starch, a laila hana ʻia e ka mea hū i loko o ka waiʻona. Lawe ʻia nā fermentations ʻelua (starch raiki + koji = kō, kō + shubo sourdough = ʻona) i ka manawa like.
Ma hope o ka fermentation pāpālua, kaomi ʻia ka sake pono ʻole i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, kānana ʻia, ʻelua pasteurized a ʻelemakule. A ma hope wale o ka ʻōmole ʻana.
Papaʻaina sake
hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo hoʻoliʻiliʻi sake kūkulu ʻia ma ke kekelē o ka anai ʻana i ka laiki. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano sake āpau i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: “futsu-syu»(ʻOihana maʻamau, ʻeke noho) a«tokutey-meisyo-syu"(Nā ʻano uku keu a pau).
«Futsu-xu»(Maʻamau, papaʻaina sake) hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai ka laiki, ka mea, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, nalo ma kahi o 10% o kāna kumu kumu i ka wā o ka wili ʻana. ʻAʻole nā koi no ka wili raiki no ka papaʻaina, hana ʻia ke sake e like me kahi papa maʻalahi - mai nā ʻano laiki maʻalahi loa, me ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o ka wai ʻona ikaika, kō (glucose, a pēlā aku.).
Hiki i ka lawelawe maʻamau o ka papaʻaina ke hoʻonani i kahi kanaka i ke aloha me ka moʻomeheu kuʻuna o ka Land of the Rising Sun. Ninini ʻia ka inu mai kahi ipu keramika liʻiliʻi i loko o nā kīʻaha liʻiliʻi, i hoʻolālā ʻia no ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau sips. Aia ka mahana lawelawe i ka lewa a me ke kau. Hiki ke pākaukau sake ma kahi mahana wela (kapa ʻia kēia ʻano lawelawe) a i ʻole mehana ʻia i 35-40% (). Hoʻomehana ʻia ia i loko o kahi moku ceramic i hoʻolālā ʻia i loko o kahi waiʻauʻau. ʻAʻole e hoʻolapalapa ka mea nui, i kēia hihia e lilo ka sake i kona ʻaʻala.
«Tokutei-meisyo-syu"(Sake me ka inoa i hoʻokumu ʻia) hui pū he ʻewalu mau ʻano o ke sake kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka mea i hoʻoponopono ʻia e ke kānāwai Kepani.
К kumu kūʻai kumu (ke koena o ka laiki i ka wā o ka wili ʻana he 70%) e kuhikuhi iā “honjojo-shu"(Me ka hoʻohui o" fermenting "ʻalekika ikaika ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 10% o ke kaumaha o nā pae hū) a"дюммай-ю"(Me ka hoʻohui ʻole o" fermenting "ʻona ikaika).
I ka papa Premium (ke koena o ka laiki i ka wā o ka wili ʻana he 60%) e kuhikuhi iā “tokubetsu honjo-su"(Hoʻomākaukau ʻia i ke ala like me honjozo-shu, akā me ka ʻeli pono ʻana i ka laiki),"ginjo-syu"(Sake o ka fermentation lohi i nā mahana haʻahaʻa, ka hoʻohui o" fermenting "ʻona ikaika - ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 10%),"tokubetsu dummai-syu"(Hoʻomākaukau ʻia i ke ala like me" jummai-shu ", akā me ka wili nui ʻana o ka laiki),"dummay ginjo-xu"(Hoʻomākaukau ʻia i ke ala like me" ginjo-shu ", akā me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohui ʻana o" fermenting "ʻalekohola ikaika).
I ka papa uku nui (ke koena o ka laiki i ka wā o ka wili ʻana he 50%) e kuhikuhi iā “daiginjo-syu"(ʻO ia," ginjo-shu nui ", hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma ke ala like me" ginjo-shu ", akā me ka wili ʻana o kahi laiki a ʻoi aku) a"dummai daginjo-syu"(Differs mai" daiginjo-shu "ma ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hoʻohui o" fermenting "ʻalekika ikaika).
ʻAno pākaukau ʻole no (ie pili i ka “тokutey-meisyo-syu"), Koe wale paha, no ka "kumu kumu" waeʻano, ma Iapana he mea maʻamau ka lawelawe ʻana i nā kīʻaha teko (non-ceramic). Ma ʻEulopa, ua hoʻokumu paʻa ʻia ke kuʻuna o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka sake premium i nā aniani waina. Eia kekahi, no ka papaʻaina ʻole ʻaʻole mahana houi ʻole e nalo i kona ʻokoʻa a me ka ʻaʻala. Ka lawelawe ʻana i ka mahana - 20-25% (ka mahana o ka lumi, ka hana, no kēlā me kēia ʻano) a i ʻole 10-18% (ʻoluʻolu, hana, no nā ʻano uku nui a me nā kumu kūʻai ʻoi loa).
A ʻo nā mea hou aʻe e pili ana i nā ʻano sake
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Sake e like me nā pae hoʻohālikelike ʻē aʻe. ʻO Sake, i hana ʻia e nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me kahi ʻano ikaika, kapa ʻia ʻo “Kuleana kope“,” Kūʻai “(“aʻo"). Hiki ke kānana ʻia (hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, “ʻeono-hu") A ʻaʻole hoʻopili ʻia (ʻaʻole hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia,"nididzake"); pasteurized a me ka pasteurized (ola, "a me kāna mau keiki kāne"). Hana ʻia ia “nama-tyozo-syu"(Aged" ola ", ʻaʻole i kau ʻia i ka pasteurization ma mua o ka ʻelemakule) a"nama-zumé-zaké"(ʻŌmole" ola "). “Xing-xu"He" ʻōpio "sake e hele aku ana i ke kūʻai aku i loko o hoʻokahi makahiki mai ka manawa o kāna hana ʻana,"syboritate"- he" ʻōpio "sake kēia, ke kūʻai aku nei ma hope koke iho o ke kaomi ʻana,"ko-syu"-" ʻelemakule "sake, ʻelemakule no kahi makahiki a ʻoi,"kalua"(" Barela ") - ʻelemakule i nā pahu lāʻau. Hiki iā Sake ke "gen-su"(Ka ikaika maoli, undiluted - 18-20% vol.),"tai-arukoru-su"(Ka ikaika haʻahaʻa - 8-10% vol.),"namakodzo"(Unpasteurized sake me ka sediment),"yamahai»(Hana ʻia i kahi ala kahiko e hoʻohana ana i ka hū kūlohelohe, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi moʻomeheu hoʻomaka hū kūikawā).
Sake a me ka lumi kuke
ʻO Sake ke ao holoʻokoʻa: hele maikaʻi ʻaʻole wale me ka sashimi, sushi, maki-zushi (ʻo ka inoa maoli o "rolls"), akā me nā chips, cheese, nuts.
Hoʻomaopopo pono ʻia i ka papa ʻaina a ʻaʻole ala ʻala o kahi papa kiʻekiʻe (ʻo kahi laʻana, "honjo-shu") e hele pū wale me ka lumi kuke.
I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka mālamalama o nā ʻala (e laʻa me "daiginjo-shu", ka hapa nui o ka "mea kākau") i loko o kahi ʻano kamaʻilio me ka pā, i kekahi manawa e hoʻokau i ka ʻono o ka pā, no laila pono paha kahi ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kahi mea lawelawe ma aneʻi.
No laila
Ma ke kumu o no i Iapana hana shochu - "vodka" kūloko. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻaʻole ia mai ka laiki wale nō, akā mai nā cereals ʻē aʻe, a me ka ʻuala, akā ʻo kahi mea koʻikoʻi o kēlā me kēia ʻano shochu e lilo mau i koji - nā hua laiki i hoʻopili ʻia e ka mold. Shochu korui -ʻO kēia ka "papa mua" shochu, i loaʻa ma muli o ka distillation pinepine (ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika ma mua o 36%, pinepine 25%). ʻO Shochu Otsuru - "papa ʻelua" shochu, i hana ʻia e hoʻokahi distillation (ikaika - ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 45%).