Scutellinia (Scutellinia) kiʻi a me ka wehewehe

Scutellinia (Scutellinia)

• Kiliaria He aha.
• Humariella J. Schröt.
• Melastiziella Svrcek
• Steeolachnea Hohn.
• Trichaleurina Rehm
• Trichaleuris Clem.
• Kiliaria He aha. ex Boud.

ʻO Scutellinia kahi ʻano haʻani i ka ʻohana Pyronemataceae, ma ke kauoha Pezizales. He ʻumi mau ʻano ʻano i loko o ka genus, ʻoi aku ma mua o 60 mau ʻano i wehewehe ʻia i nā kikoʻī kikoʻī, i ka huina, e like me nā kumu like ʻole, ma kahi o 200 e manaʻo ʻia.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka taxon Scutellinia i ka makahiki 1887 e Jean Baptiste Émile Lambotte, nāna i hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka subgenus Peziza subgen., i ola mai ka makahiki 1879, i ke kūlana o ka genus.

ʻO nā haloo me nā kino hua liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano o nā kīʻaha liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻai, hiki ke concave a pālahalaha paha, i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho maikaʻi ma nā ʻaoʻao. Ke ulu nei lākou ma ka lepo, nā pōhaku mossy, ka lāʻau a me nā substrates organik ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻili hua i loko (me ka hymenophore) hiki ke keʻokeʻo, ʻalani a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻulaʻula like ʻole, ka waho, sterile - ke kala like ʻole a ʻeleʻele paha, uhi ʻia me kahi bristle lahilahi. Setae ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele, paʻakikī, kiko.

ʻO ke kino hua he sessile, maʻamau ʻaʻohe kumu (me kahi "aʻa aʻa").

He hyaline, spherical, ellipsoid a i ʻole spindle me ka nui o nā kulu. Hoʻonani maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻili o nā spores, uhi ʻia me nā warts a i ʻole spines o nā ʻano nui.

Ua like loa nā ʻano i ka morphology, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano kikoʻī ma muli o nā kikoʻī microscopic o ka hale.

ʻAʻole i kūkākūkā koʻikoʻi ka edibility o Scutellinia, ʻoiai aia nā kuhikuhi i loko o ka puke moʻolelo e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻia ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano "nui": liʻiliʻi loa nā halo i hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia mai kahi gastronomic. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻōlelo ʻia no kā lākou ʻawaʻawa ma nā wahi āpau.

ʻAno kumu waina — Scutellinia scutellata (L.) Lambotte

• Scutellinia ipu
• Scutellinia thyroid
• Peziza scutellata L., 1753
• Helvella ciliata Scop., 1772
• Elvela ciliata Scop., 1772
• Peziza ciliata (Scop.) Hoffm., 1790
• Peziza scutellata Schumach., 1803
• Peziza aurantiaca Vent., 1812
• Humaria scutellata (L.) Fuckel, 1870
• Lachnea scutellata (L.) Sacc., 1879
• Humariella scutellata (L.) J. Schröt., 1893
• Patella scutellata (L.) Morgan, 1902

ʻO kēia ʻano Scutellinia kekahi o nā mea nui loa, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau a aʻo ʻia. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, aia paha kekahi o nā Scutellinia i kapa ʻia ʻo Scutellinia saucer he mau ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe, no ka mea, ua hana ʻia ka ʻike ma nā hiʻohiʻona macro.

kino hua ʻO S. scutellata kahi diski pāpaʻu, maʻa mau 0,2 a 1 knm (kiʻekiʻe 1,5 knm) ke anawaena. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona liʻiliʻi ʻoi loa ka spherical, a laila, i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana, hāmama nā kīʻaha a hoʻonui, i ka wā o ka makua e lilo lākou i "saucer", kahi disk.

ʻO ka ʻili o loko o ke kīʻaha (ka ʻili momona momona i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hymenium) he laumania, ʻulaʻula i ka ʻalani ʻālani a i ʻole ʻalani ʻulaʻula a hiki i ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, aʻo ka ʻili o waho (sterile) he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole ʻalani ʻeleʻele.

Ua uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o waho me nā lauoho ʻeleʻele paʻakikī, ulu ka lauoho lōʻihi ma ka lihi o ke kino hua, kahi a hiki i 1,5 mm ka lōʻihi. Ma ke kumu, ʻo kēia mau lauoho a hiki i ka 40 µm mānoanoa a liʻiliʻi i nā piko kiko. Hoʻokumu nā lauoho i "nā maka maka" ma ka lihi o ka calyx. ʻIke ʻia kēia mau cilia i ka maka ʻōlohelohe a ʻike maopopo ʻia paha ma o ke aniani hoʻonui.

wawae: haʻalele, S. scutellata - "noho" piko.

Pulp: keʻokeʻo i loko o nā halo ʻōpiopio, a laila ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha, lahilahi a palupalu, palupalu, wai.

ʻala a ʻono: me na hiohiona ole. Ke hōʻike nei kekahi mau kumu moʻokalaleo he ʻala ka pulp me he violet ke kāwili ʻia.

Hoʻolālā

ʻO nā spores (ʻike maikaʻi ʻia i ka lactophenol a me ka pulupulu uliuli) he elliptical 17–23 x 10,5–14 µm, maʻemaʻe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole oʻo, a noho mau no ka manawa lōʻihi, akā i ka wā oʻo, ʻike ʻia me nā warts a me nā iwi ʻaoʻao a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe. 1 µm; me kekahi mau kulu aila.

Nā paraphyses me nā ʻaoʻao pehu 6-10 microns ka nui.

ʻO ka lauoho ʻaoʻao ("ʻeleʻele maka") 360-1600 x 20-50 microns, ʻeleʻele i KOH, pā mānoanoa, ʻāpana-nui, me nā kumu lālā.

Loaʻa ia ma nā ʻāina āpau koe wale nō ʻo Antarctica a me ʻApelika, a me nā mokupuni he nui. I ʻEulopa, ʻo ka palena ʻākau o ka laulā e hoʻonui i ke kahakai ʻākau o Iceland a me 69 latitudes o ka Scandinavian Peninsula.

Ke ulu nei ia ma nā ululāʻau o nā ʻano like ʻole, i loko o nā ululāʻau a ma nā wahi māmā, makemake ʻo ia i ka lāʻau popopo, akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻōpala mea kanu a i ʻole ma ka lepo lepo kokoke i nā kumu pala.

ʻO ka wā hua o S.scutellata mai ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hāʻule. Ma ʻEulopa - mai ka hopena o ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hopena o ka hāʻule, ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau - i ka hoʻoilo a me ka pūnāwai.

ʻO nā ʻelele āpau o ka genus Scutellinia (Scutellinia) ua like loa kekahi me kekahi.

Ma ka nānā pono ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale iā Scutellinia setosa: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka melemele o ka waihoʻoluʻu, ulu nui nā kino hua ma luna o kahi substrate lāʻau i nā hui nui a kokoke.

ʻO nā kino hua ʻano kīʻaha, ʻano kīʻaha a i ʻole ke ʻano disc me ka makahiki, liʻiliʻi: 1 - 3, a hiki i 5 mm ke anawaena, melemele-alani, ʻalani, ʻulaʻula-ʻalani, me nā "lauoho" ʻeleʻele mānoanoa (setae) ma ka lihi o ke kīʻaha.

Ulu ma nā pūʻulu nui ma luna o ka lāʻau popopo.

Spora: Maheʻe, ellipsoid, 11–13 me 20–22 µm, loaʻa nā kulu ʻaila he nui. ʻO ke ʻano o ka asci (spore-bearing cell) he cylindrical ma ke ʻano he 300–325 µm me 12–15 µm.

Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ma ʻEulopa, loaʻa nō hoʻi ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me Central America kahi e ulu ai ma luna o ka lāʻau palaho o nā lāʻau deciduous. Hāʻawi pinepine nā kumu ʻAmelika ʻĀkau i kona inoa ʻo "Scutellinia erinaceus, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Scutellinia setosa".

Ka hua: ʻO ke kauwela a me ka hāʻule, mai Iune a ʻOkakopa a i ʻole Nowemapa i ka wā mahana.

He pola aka. He ʻano ʻEulopa maʻamau kēia, e hana ana i nā puʻupuʻu o nā disc ʻalani a hiki i 1,5 cm ke anawaena i ke kauwela a me ka hāʻule ma ka lepo a i ʻole ka lāʻau popopo. Ua like ia me nā congeners e like me Scutellinia olivascens a hiki ke ʻike pono ʻia e nā hiʻohiʻona microscopic.

Ma ka awelika, he kino hua nui ka S.umbrorum ma mua o S.scutellata a me nā spores nui, me nā lauoho pōkole a ʻike ʻole ʻia.

ʻO Scutellinia olivascens. Hoʻokumu kēia haʻuki ʻEulopa i nā pūpū ʻalani a hiki i ka 1,5 cm ke anawaena ma ka lepo a i ʻole ka lāʻau popopo i ke kauwela a me ka hāʻule. Ua like loa ia me ka mea maʻamau ʻo Scutellinia umbrorum a hiki ke ʻike pono ʻia e nā hiʻohiʻona microscopic.

Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia ʻano i ka makahiki 1876 e Mordecai Cooke ʻo Peziza olivascens, akā ua hoʻololi ʻo Otto Kuntze i ka genus Scutellinia i ka makahiki 1891.

ʻO Scutellinia subhirtella. I ka makahiki 1971, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻo Czech mycologist ʻo Mirko Svrček iā ia mai nā specimens i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma Czechoslovakia mua. ʻO nā kino hua o ka haʻuki he melemele-ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula, liʻiliʻi, 2-5 mm ke anawaena. He hyaline (translucent), ellipsoid, 18–22 me ka 12–14 µm ka nui o ka spore.

Kiʻi: Alexander, mushroomexpert.com.