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ʻAʻole hiki i ka poʻe i hoʻomanawanui ʻole e komo i ka "hunting haʻahaʻa" ʻaʻole hiki ke kali i ka manawa nui o ka mushroom a hele pū me ka hīnaʻi i ka nahele i ka pūnāwai.
Eia nō naʻe, i kēia hihia, pono ʻoe e makaʻala loa: i kēia manawa ʻaʻole i like ka nui o nā halo e ʻai ʻia e like me ka hāʻule ʻana, aia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lawe ʻana mai i nā kino hua ʻawaʻawa, kahi maʻalahi e hoʻololi ʻia e like me nā ʻano mea ʻai.
Hōʻike kēia ʻatikala i nā kiʻi, nā inoa a me nā wehewehe ʻana o nā halo punawai hiki ke ʻai ʻia a hiki ʻole ke loaʻa ma nā ululāʻau kokoke i Moscow.
Ke ʻohi ʻana i nā halo puna ma ka nahele kokoke i Moscow (me ka wikiō)
Ua ʻike maikaʻi ʻia nā halo puna ma nā kauhale, akā ʻike maikaʻi ʻole ka poʻe kamaʻāina a me ke kaona. I loko o kēia wā, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā morels ʻono maikaʻi, nā halo oyster a me nā halo kauwela. Eia nō naʻe, aia i ka pūnāwai e ʻike ʻia ka hallucinogenic a me nā ʻawaʻawa mua, no ka laʻana, nā laina maʻamau.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, i ka wā i heheʻe ʻole ai ka hau a ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpala mua i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā halo oyster autumn. Kapa ʻia lākou i ka hāʻule no ka mea aia lākou i ka hāʻule, akā peʻe ma lalo o ka hau i ka hoʻoilo a pau. Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou i ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo mua. Mālama maikaʻi lākou i ka pūnāwai. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe nahele, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ma nā wahi āpau: strobiliuruses, sarcoscyphs, xerompholines.
I ka pūnāwai, hoʻomaka ka ulu nui ʻana o nā haʻiki liʻiliʻi (Mei, variable) a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe he nui i loko o nā ululāʻau.
ʻAʻole maikaʻi wale ka hele ʻana o ka puna a i ʻole nā hike i ka ululāʻau no ke olakino, hāʻawi pū lākou i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka ikehu a hoʻāla i ka ikaika o loko. Maikaʻi nō hoʻi kēia manawa no ka mea, ʻaʻohe makika a me ka moose lele i loko o ka ululāʻau, ʻaʻohe mea e pale iā ʻoe mai ka leʻaleʻa i ke ʻano. Aia i ka pūnāwai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻohi wale i nā halo, akā e lohe pū i ke mele kupaianaha o nā manu, e hauʻoli i nā kiʻi o kā lākou lele ʻana i kēia manawa, ke lele ʻo ke kāne, hoʻopā i kona mau ʻēheu a hīmeni i kāna mau trills kupanaha.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā puna, ʻaʻohe mea ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o ka ʻupena koko, akā ua ʻike mua ʻia nā ticks i Mei, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kā lākou hana i ka hopena o Mei a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iune, no laila, i kēia manawa, pono ʻoe. he lole paa, he papale, a he hainaka paha, e hoohana i na mea kupono e hookomo i na lole .
Hōʻike kikoʻī kēia wikiō e pili ana i nā halo puna i nā ululāʻau kokoke i Moscow:
ʻO Strobiliurus hiki ke ʻai a ʻokiʻoki
Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau, ʻike ʻia ka pūnāwai mua e like me ke kālā he ʻumi-kopeck i ka nahele ma luna o nā cones ʻōwili a ma luna o ka spruce litter. Kapa ʻia lākou he strobiliurus. Ke ulu pū nei kēia mau halo puna mua. ʻOiai hiki ke ʻai ʻia ka strobiliurus, ʻaʻole ʻono loa lākou a he pilikia ke hōʻiliʻili iā lākou ma muli o ko lākou liʻiliʻi.
Hōʻike ʻia kahi kiʻi a me ka wehewehe ʻana o ka puna strobilurus mushroom o nā ʻano like ʻole ma lalo nei:
ʻAi ʻia ʻo Strobilurus, a i ʻole ka momona (Strobilurus esculentus).
Nā wahi noho: nā ululāʻau spruce, ma luna o ka spruce litter a i ʻole ma nā cones, e ulu pū ana i nā hui.
Season: mushroom mua, ʻApelila-Mei.
ʻO ka pāpale he 1-2 knm ke anawaena, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 3 knm, ma ka convex mua, ma hope e kūlou, pālahalaha. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ka ʻano he pāpale pahee brownish a chestnut paha me kahi tubercle i waenakonu a me kahi kihi lahilahi. ʻO ke kala i waenakonu o ka pāpale he ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai ma ke kiʻi, ʻo kēia mau halo puna he ʻano lahilahi, 3-5 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a me 1-3 mm mānoanoa, cylindrical, melemele ma luna, melemele-ʻeleʻele ma lalo:
ʻO ka lua o ka hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o kēia ʻano, ʻo ia ka hele ʻana o kahi aʻa shaggy lōʻihi me nā kaula huluhulu e kau ana i ka cone.
He keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo, ʻeleʻele, me kahi ʻala ʻoluʻolu, ʻala iki i ka mua, ma hope me kahi ʻala herring iki.
ʻO nā moʻolelo o ka alapine waena, pili ʻia, keʻokeʻo ma mua, a ma hope melemele. He keʻokeʻo ka pauka spore.
ʻokoʻa: ʻokoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka pāpale mai ka brownish a brownish-brown.
Nā ʻano like. Ua like ka strobiliurus hiki ke ʻai me ka strobiliurus ʻokiʻoki ʻia (Strobilurus tenacellus), i ʻike ʻia e ka pāpale melemele-ʻeleʻele ʻoi aku ka convex.
Hiki ke ʻai ʻia kēia mau halo puna mua, no ka ʻāpana 4. Hoʻohana ʻia nā pāpale ʻōpio no ka meaʻai, ʻai ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻolapalapa mua ʻana no 15 mau minuke.
Nā ʻokiʻoki ʻo Strobiliurus (Strobilurus tenacellus).
Ma waho aʻe o ka strobiliurus edible, aia kekahi Lai inedible, i ʻike ʻia e ka ʻala herring. Kapa ʻia lākou he ʻoki strobiliurus.
Nā wahi noho: ʻO nā ululāʻau pine a me ka spruce, ma luna o nā ʻōpala a i ʻole nā cones, ulu pū ʻia i nā hui.
ʻO ka manawa no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kēia mau halo puna: Mei-Iune.
ʻO ka pāpale he 0,7-1,5 cm ke anawaena, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 2 knm, ma ka convex mua, ma hope e kūlou, pālahalaha. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o kēia ʻano he pāpale ʻulaʻula māmā, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula matte me kahi tubercle puʻupuʻu i waenakonu, ʻaʻole like ʻole a me kahi ʻaoʻao lahilahi liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ke kumu o kēia mau halo, e ulu ana i ka pūnāwai ma ka moku Moscow, he lahilahi, 2-5 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a me 1-2,5 mm mānoanoa, cylindrical, cartilaginous, pinepine pubescent ma ke kumu, keʻokeʻo ma luna, melemele ma lalo. ʻO ka lua o ka hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o kēia ʻano, ʻo ia ka hele ʻana o kahi aʻa shaggy lōʻihi me nā kaula huluhulu e kau ana i ka cone.
E nānā i ke kiʻi - ʻo ka pulp o kēia mau halo, i ʻike ʻia ma waena o nā mea mua i ka pūnāwai, he keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele:
I ka wā mua, ʻoluʻolu ka ʻala o ka pulp, herring liʻiliʻi, ma hope ua lilo ia i mea leʻaleʻa, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
ʻO nā moʻolelo o ka alapine waena, pili ʻia, keʻokeʻo ma mua, a ma hope melemele. He keʻokeʻo ka pauka spore.
ʻokoʻa: ʻokoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka pāpale mai ka brownish a brownish-brown.
Nā ʻano like. ʻO ka ʻokiʻoki strobiliurus ua like ia me ka strobilurus edible (Strobilurus esculentus), ka mea i ʻike ʻia e kahi pāpale ʻālohilohi me kahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, kahi ʻōniʻoniʻo ʻoi aʻe ke kala, a me ka ʻala ʻoi aku ka ikaika.
Manaʻo ʻia kēia mau halo puna mua e ʻai ʻia ma muli o ke ʻala herring kikoʻī.
Puna xerompholin mushroom
I ka hopena o ʻApelila a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Mei, ʻike ʻia nā kolo mua o nā halo, kahi e noho piha ai i kahi ʻōpala pala a i ʻole kahi ʻōpala pala. ʻO kēia, ʻo ka mea mua, he xeromphalina e like me ke kumu (Xeromphalina cauticinalis). ʻO kēia mau pūnāwai puna e ulu ana ma ka ʻāina ʻo Moscow he nani, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā chanterelles melemele liʻiliʻi me kahi ʻōpala lahilahi lōʻihi. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau kino hua liʻiliʻi ma kahi kokoke i nā alanui ʻāina a me nā ala, ma kahi pulu.
Nā wahi noho: i nā ululāʻau hui a me nā coniferous, ulu i nā hui nui ma nā kumu pala.
Season: Mei-Iulai.
ʻO ka pāpale he 0,5-3 cm ke anawaena. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o kēia ʻano he pāpale melemele ʻālohilohi a i ʻole melemele-ʻalani me kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi i waenakonu a me nā kaha radial mai nā papa translucent.
ʻO ka wāwae he 2-6 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, 1-3 mm ka mānoanoa. Mai ka pāpale aia kahi cone, a laila ʻoluʻolu ke kumu, cylindrical, pinkish-brown a i ʻole melemele-alani.
ʻO nā papa o kēia mau halo, aia i waena o nā mea mua e ulu i ka pūnāwai, he kakaikahi, i ka wā mua he ʻulaʻula, ma hope he melemele-ʻulaʻula, e iho ana i loko o kahi cone ma ke kumu.
He keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo i ka mua, ma hope he melemele māmā, he ʻala, he ʻala ʻole.
ʻokoʻa. 'Oko'a ke kala o ka pāpale mai ka melemele-alani a i ka hua manu.
Nā ʻano like. Ua like ke kala o Xerampholine me ka oak hygrocybe (Hygrocybe quieta), a he melemele-alani ka waihoʻoluʻu, akā aia he tubercle ma ka pāpale.
ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā halo Xerompholine.
Poison False Mushroom
ʻO nā pūnāwai ʻawaʻawa nui loa ma ka ʻāina ʻo Moscow he mau pseudomushrooms sulfurous-yellow. Ulu lākou ma nā pūʻulu nui ma nā kumu a me nā kumu lāʻau i hāʻule. Mai kahi lōʻihi, ua like lākou me nā halo o ke kauwela hiki ke ʻai ʻia, akā ʻokoʻa i ka kala sulfur-melemele ma lalo o ka pāpale. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia lākou i nā ululāʻau hui kahi e ulu ai ka spruce, birch, ʻoka, a me ka aspen.
Nā noho ʻana o ka huʻa sulfur-yellow false foam (Hypholoma fasciculare): lāʻau popopo a me nā kumu lāʻau paʻa a me nā conifers, e ulu nui ana.
Nā wahi noho: lāʻau popopo a me nā kumu lāʻau paʻa a me nā conifers, e ulu nui ana.
Season: ʻApelila – Nowemapa
ʻO ka pāpale he 2-7 cm ke anawaena, ma ka mua hemispherical, ma hope convex. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ka ʻano ʻano he melemele māmā a i ʻole ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula convex-flat cap me kahi tubercle ʻike ʻia, nona kahi kala ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ke kumu he lahilahi a lōʻihi, curved, 3-9 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, 3-8 mm mānoanoa, ua like kona waihoʻoluʻu me ka pāpale, a i ʻole ʻoi aku ka māmā, me kahi ʻulaʻula melemele, cylindrical, haiki liʻiliʻi kokoke i ke kumu, me nā ʻāpana o he apo. He ʻeleʻele ke kumu o ke kumu - ʻalani-ʻeleʻele.
Pulp: sulfur-melemele, ʻoluʻolu a fibrous, me kahi ʻala maikaʻi ʻole a me ka ʻono ʻawaʻawa.
ʻO nā papa he pinepine, ākea, pili, sulfur-yellow a i ʻole ʻoliva-brown.
ʻokoʻa. ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ka pāpale mai ka melemele-ʻeleʻele a i ka sulfur-melemele.
Nā ʻano like. Hiki ke huikau ka inedible sulfur-yellow false honey agaric me ka edible sulfur-yellow false honey agaric (Hypholoma capnoides), i ʻokoʻa i ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā papa - hina hina, a me kahi pāpale oily yellowish-alani ʻoi aku ka convex.
He mea ʻawaʻawa kēia mau halo.
ʻOhi ʻana i nā halo psatirell i ka nahele i ka pūnāwai
Nā noho o ka psatyrella hina-ʻeleʻele (Psathyrella spadiceogrisea): lepo, lāʻau popopo a me nā ʻōpala o nā lāʻau lau, e ulu pū ana.
Season: Mei – ʻOkakopa.
He 2-5 knm ke anawaena o ka pāpale, ma ke ʻano he bele mua, ma hope convex-prostrate me kahi tubercle blunt i waenakonu. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o kēia ʻano pūnāwai he pāpale hina-ʻulaʻula me ka radial fibrillation, e like me nā ʻāpana lahilahi, a me kahi palena ʻāpana māmā ma ka ʻaoʻao, kahi kala like ʻole i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a me nā ʻāpana kala nui i nā ʻōpala makua. ʻElua mau ʻano o kēia mau ʻāpana: ʻulaʻula melemele i waenakonu o ka pāpale a i ʻole hina-ʻeleʻele i waenakonu, a ʻoi aku, ma kahi o ka waena waena, kahi ʻāpana concentric melemele-kālā me nā ʻaoʻao blurry.
He 4-9 knm ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wāwae, he 3 a 7 mm ka mānoanoa, cylindrical, mānoanoa iki ma ke kumu, hollow, smooth, keʻokeʻo, mealy ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna.
E noʻonoʻo i ke kiʻi - ma ke kumu, ʻoi aku ka ʻeleʻele o ka wāwae o kēia pūnāwai puna, ʻeleʻele:
Pulp: wai, keʻokeʻo, palupalu, lahilahi, me ka ʻono ʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻala ʻala maikaʻi.
Hoʻopili nā papa, pinepine, haiki, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula.
ʻokoʻa. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala o ka pāpale mai ka hina-ʻulaʻula a i ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula me nā kiko melemele-ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ʻāpana.
Nā ʻano like. ʻO ka psatyrella hina-ʻeleʻele e like me ke ʻano a me ka nui me ka velvety psatyrella (Psathyrella velutina), kahi i ʻike ʻia e kahi pāpale ʻulaʻula-buffy, uhi ʻia me nā fiber, e hāʻawi ana i kahi hiʻohiʻona velvety.
Hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā halo Psatirrella, ʻāpana 4, ma hope o ka hoʻolapalapa mua ʻana no 15 mau minuke.
A laila, e ʻike ʻoe i ka ulu ʻana o nā halo ʻē aʻe i ka pūnāwai.
edible collibia mushroom
I ka waena a me ka hopena o Mei, ʻike ʻia nā ʻano mua o ka collibia. Loaʻa kēia mau mea i ka chestnut a i ʻole collibia aila. ʻO kēia mau halo liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me ko lākou hiʻohiʻona nani, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi lākou i ka nui. ʻOiai hiki ke ʻai ʻia, ʻaʻole i ʻohi ʻia ma muli o ko lākou liʻiliʻi a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻehā ʻāpana e pili ana i nā waiwai meaʻai.
Nā noho o ka chestnut collibia, a i ʻole ka aila (Collybia butyracea): nā ululāʻau huikau a me nā coniferous, ma ka papahele o ka nahele, ma ka lāʻau popopo. E ulu pū ana kēia mau halo i loko o ka ululāʻau puna.
Season: Mei – ʻOkakopa.
ʻO ke anawaena o ka pāpale he 3-8 cm, ma ka mua hemispherical, ma hope convex me kahi tubercle poepoe a laila e kūlou me ka tubercle palahalaha a hoʻokiʻekiʻe a convex paha nā kihi. ʻO kahi waiwai kūʻokoʻa o ka pūnāwai puna i kapa ʻia ʻo collibia he kala chestnut-brown o ka pāpale me kahi tubercle pālahalaha o kahi kala ʻeleʻele a me ka māmā, ka ʻaila a i ʻole nā ʻaoʻao ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ka wāwae he 4-9 knm ke kiʻekiʻe, lahilahi, 2-8 mm ka mānoanoa, cylindrical, ʻoluʻolu, ʻeleʻele mua, ʻeleʻele ma hope. Ua mānoanoa ke kumu o ka wāwae.
ʻO ka ʻiʻo he wai, lahilahi, palupalu, keʻokeʻo a melemele paha, i ka mua ʻaʻohe ʻala, ma hope me kahi ʻala ʻala liʻiliʻi.
ʻO nā papa he ʻaila a ʻulaʻula paha, ulu ʻia notched. Ma waena o nā papa pili he mau papa pōkole pōkole.
ʻokoʻa: ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka pāpale he loli ma muli o ke oʻo ʻana o ka halo, ka mahina a me ka haʻahaʻa o ke kau. Hiki ke kala i ka chestnut-brown, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula me kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula me kahi waena ʻeleʻele, hina-ʻeleʻele me kahi ʻoliva ʻoliva, lilac-brown. I ke kau maloʻo, mae ka pāpale i nā leo māmā o ka melemele, ka ʻaila, a me ka ʻeleʻele māmā.
Nā ʻano like. Ua like ke ʻano a me ka nui o ka chestnut collibia me ka collibia aloha lāʻau ʻai (Collybia dryophila), he ʻokoʻa kona ʻano pāpale māmā.
ʻAi ʻai: hiki ke ʻai, akā pono e hoʻolapalapa i mua o 2 wai e hoʻopau ai i ke ʻala o ka ʻōpala. No ka mahele 4.
ʻOtidea mushroom hiki ʻole ke ʻai ʻia
Hāʻawi ka nahele puna iā mākou i nā mea kupanaha. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau mea kupanaha ʻo ia nā otideas maikaʻi. 'Ōlelo ko lākou inoa nona iho. Hele ʻoe i loko o ka nahele a ʻike koke ʻoe i nā pepeiao ʻōpala melemele a i ʻole nā tulip ma ka papahele o ka ululāʻau. 'Ōlelo lākou iā mākou: e nānā, heʻano kū hoʻokahi aʻano likeʻole. E mālama iā mākou!
ʻO nā noho o nā otides maikaʻi (Otidea concinna): ma ka papahele o ka ululāʻau i nā ululāʻau huikau, e ulu pū ana.
Season: Mei – Nowemapa.
ʻO ke kino hua he 2 a 8 knm ke anawaena, he 1 a 6 knm ke kiʻekiʻe. Ma waho, ua like pinepine kēia mau halo i ke ʻano o nā tulip. ʻO ka ʻili o waho he ʻāpana granular a pauka paha. He melemele-ʻeleʻele ko loko.
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi, ulu kēia mau pūnāwai puna mua i nā pūʻulu, i hui pū ʻia e kahi kumu maʻamau:
He ʻano wāwae ke kumu o ke kino hua.
Pulp: palupalu, aneane mānoanoa, melemele māmā.
ʻokoʻa. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala o ke kino hua mai ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a i ka melemele-ʻeleʻele a me ka melemele lemon.
Nā ʻano like. ʻO ka otidea maikaʻi e like me ka pepa bubbly (Peziza vesiculosa), kahi i ʻike ʻia e kona ʻano bubbly.
ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā otideas maikaʻi.
Hōʻike kēia mau kiʻi i nā halo puna e ulu ana ma ka ʻāina ʻo Moscow:
