ʻO nā tannins (tannins) nā pūhui i hana maoli ʻia e nā mea kanu. No nā polyphenols lākou a he mau pūhui hoʻoikaika nui. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā tannins i ka wai a loaʻa ke kaumaha molekala ma kahi o 500 a 3000 Da. ʻO nā huahana me ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe o kēia mau pūhui he ʻono koʻikoʻi, ʻoluʻolu ʻole a hiki ke ʻona.
I ka hihia o nā mea kanu, he hana pale ko Tannins, e pale ana i nā herbivores. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, aia nā tannins i ka ili o ka oak, willow, spruce, chestnut, larch, wōnati lau, sage, waina, kī, nati, i na hua he nui (e like me blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, cranberries, huawaina, pomegerane, apple), ma St. wort, cinquefoil, turnip rape, cistus infusion and legume anoano, buckwheat, dark chocolate and cocoa.
Tannins - hoʻopau
Hoʻokaʻawale mākou i nā tannins i ʻelua ʻano:
- hydrolysing - ma waenakonu o ka mole he monosaccharide, nā pūʻulu hydroxyl i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me nā koena gallic acid a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohui; hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i nā ʻakika nāwaliwali a me nā kumu a i ʻole nā enzymes;
- non-hydrolysing (condensed) - ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā lākou ka saccharide i loko o ka mole, loaʻa lākou i nā hua ʻai ʻole a me nā ʻanoʻano, ma lalo o ka mana o ka pala e wāwahi ʻia i loko o nā pūhui me nā mole liʻiliʻi.
Tannins - waiwai
Hōʻike ʻia nā tannins e nā waiwai he nui e pono ai ke kino o ke kanaka, e like me:
- hoʻomaha i ka huhū,
- e hoʻemi i ka ʻili a me ka wela,
- loaʻa nā waiwai anti-inflammatory a me antibacterial,
- kākoʻo i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana immune,
- pale i ka allergies.
Lawe ʻia ma ka waha, loaʻa iā lākou kahi hopena astringent ma nā mucous membranes, keʻakeʻa i ko lākou permeability, ka pale ʻana, no ka laʻana, microbleeding mai nā kīʻaha koko capillary (ma mua o ka gastrointestinal tract).
Wahi a ka poʻe ʻepekema, hiki i nā tannins ke pale aku i nā ʻano āpau loko o nā ʻōpūa e hoʻolohi hoʻi i ka māhele o ka maʻi kanesa. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka microflora o ka waha a me nā ʻōpū, e hoʻopau ana i nā meaola pathogenic. ʻO nā waiwai antioxidant ikaika o nā tannins e hoʻokaʻawale i nā radical manuahi e hoʻopōʻino i nā hale cell kumu. Kāohi lākou i ka lipid peroxidation a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka maʻi HIV. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi hopena anti-carcinogenic. Hoʻopau ʻia nā tannins hydrolysing maʻalahi i ka ʻāpana digestive. Hoʻohana pū ʻia nā tannins e pale aku i nā hopena o ka make ʻana o nā alkaloids.
Hoʻohana pū ʻia nā tannins e mālama i ka ʻili holoholona. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hana antioxidant o nā tannins i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ola o ka meaʻai. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona he waina ʻulaʻula, ka mea, mahalo i nā tannins, hiki ke oʻo no nā makahiki he nui a ʻaʻole i oxidized. Ma muli o ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā tannins me nā ion metala, hoʻohana ʻia lākou e kiʻi i nā kala.
ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā mea kanu i waiwai i nā tannins e pale i ka absorption o, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā huaora, macro- a me nā microelements i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. ʻO nā tannins non-hydrolysing e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū i loko o nā mea ʻawaʻawa, e hoʻomake ai, no laila e pale ʻia ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua ʻai ʻole.