ʻO nā papillae lingual he mau mea hoʻomaha i ka uhi o ke alelo, aia kekahi o ia mau mea i ka ʻike o ka ʻono. Hiki i ka lingual papillae ke kahua o nā pathologies like ʻole ma muli o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe waha ʻole, a i ʻole hiki ke loaʻa i nā ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā pathologies ʻē aʻe. 

ʻO nā papillae liʻiliʻi he mau ʻoluʻolu liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻili o ke alelo. ʻEhā ʻano o nā papillae lingual i uhi ʻia me ka epithelium multi-layered (cell tissue):

• ʻO ka papillae kīʻaha, i kapa ʻia ka lingual V, helu 9 a hiki i ka 12. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano V ma ke kumu o ke alelo.
• Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā papillae liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā filiform i nā laina like me ka lingual V ma ke kua o ke alelo. Ua uhi ʻia lākou me kahi epithelium, ʻo kekahi mau pūnaewele i hoʻopiha ʻia me ke keratin (pūmua sulfur ka mea nui o ka epidermis)
• Hoʻopuehu ʻia nā papillae fungiform ma waena o nā papillae filiform ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao o ke alelo. I ke ʻano o nā poʻo o nā pine, ʻoi aku ka ʻulaʻula ma mua o ka filiform papillae.
• Aia nā foliate papillae (a i ʻole foliaceous) ma ke kumu o ke alelo i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka lingual V. Ma ke ʻano o nā lau, loaʻa iā lākou ka lymphoid tissue (immune cell).

I loko o kā lākou epithelial lining, goblet, fungiform a me foliate papillae loaʻa nā mea ʻono, i kapa ʻia hoʻi nā ʻono.

Hana ʻono

ʻO nā kīʻaha kīʻaha, fungiform a me nā foliate ʻono ʻono ke kuleana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano ʻelima: ʻono, ʻawaʻawa, ʻawaʻawa, paʻakai, umami.

Hāʻawi ʻia nā mea ʻono i loko o ka ʻono me nā mea hoʻokipa o ka ʻili he mau protein hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i kahi ʻano mole. Ke pili ka mole i ka ʻili o ka ʻōpuʻu, hoʻouna ʻia ka hōʻailona i ka lolo e hoʻihoʻi i kahi leka i manaʻo ʻia (paʻakai, ʻono, etc.) Hoʻopili ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻōpuʻu me kahi ʻāpana o ka lolo e hōʻike ai i ka manaʻo. . ʻoluʻolu (ʻono) a ʻoluʻolu ʻole (bitter).

Hana kino

Hoʻoponopono ka ʻike o ka ʻono i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai, hoʻololi i ka pōloli a kōkua i ke koho ʻana i nā meaʻai. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka waika a me ka ʻawaʻawa he mau mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka wā mua e aʻo mai i nā meaʻai ʻawaʻawa a i ʻole nā ​​​​meaʻai ʻino.

Hana mīkini

ʻO ka filiform papillae, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā ʻono, he hana mechanical. Hoʻokumu lākou i kahi ʻeleʻele ma ke kua o ke alelo e kaupalena i ka paheʻe ʻana o ka meaʻai i ka wā o ka nau ʻana.

Hiki i nā ʻono ʻono ke hele i nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā pathologies.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā pathologies me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe waha maikaʻi ʻole

• Hōʻike ʻia ke alelo saburral ma ke alo o kahi uhi keʻokeʻo hina ma ke kua o ke alelo ma muli o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā keratins i loko o nā papillae filiform. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me nā ʻano maʻi kūloko, digestive a systemic paha.
• ʻO ke alelo villous (a i ʻole huluhulu) kahi maʻi maʻamau i hana ʻia ma muli o ka hiki ʻole ke wehe ʻana i nā keratin. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka hele ʻana ma ke kua o ke alelo o nā filament brown-ʻeleʻele, melemele a keʻokeʻo paha. Hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka manaʻo o ka impasto, ka ʻona a i ʻole ka ʻono metala. ʻO ka puhi paka, ka waiʻona, ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic a i ʻole ka waha maloʻo he mau kumu predisposing.

ʻŌlelo ʻāina

ʻO ke alelo Geographic kahi ʻeha maikaʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ka hele ʻana o nā wahi o ka depapillation lingual ma ka ʻaoʻao a me / a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ke alelo. Hoʻololi ka wahi a me ke ʻano o nā ʻili i ka manawa. Hiki ke hoʻomohala ʻia kahi alelo ʻāina me kekahi mau lāʻau (corticosteroids, anticancer drugs) a i ʻole ke ʻike ʻia i nā maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole psoriasis.

Nā ʻeha mucosa waha

• ʻO nā Erythemas ka ʻulaʻula hiki ke ulu ma ka mucous membranes o ke alelo i ka hihia o Queyrat erythroplakia, ka hemahema o ka huaora B12 a i ʻole ka maʻi e kahi microorganism (ʻoi aku ka hū Candida)
• ʻO nā maʻi ʻeha he mau ʻeha papa me ka hoʻōla paʻakikī (ka ʻeha traumatic ma hope o ka lua a i ʻole ka nahu ʻana, ka ʻeha waha, etc.)
• ʻO nā ʻāʻī keʻokeʻo he mau ʻeha e puka mai ana ma ke ʻano o ka leukoplakia, squamous cell carcinoma (maalignant tumor o ka waha waha), a i ʻole lichen planus.
• ʻIke ʻia nā vesicle, protrusions o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai serous, i ka wā o ka mumū o ka waha o ka mucosa viral (herpes, chickenpox, shingles, hand-foot-mouth syndrome)

ʻO ka hū ʻana o ka ʻono

• ʻO ka hū ʻana o ka ʻiʻo lymphoid i loko o nā papillae foliate e hoʻonui ai i nā papillae maikaʻi.
• ʻO ka maʻi Kawasaki ka maʻi ʻaʻa o nā kīʻaha koko e hōʻike ana iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he alelo raspberry (pehu ʻana o ka ʻono)
• ʻO ka papillitis kahi mumū o ka fungiform papillae

Papillae atrophy

ʻO ka atrophy ka emi ʻana o nā poloka kūkulu o ka mucosa waha. Hōʻike ia iā ia iho i kēia mau hihia:

• Hiki i ka hemahema o ka hao ke alakaʻi i ka atrophy o nā ʻono me kahi ʻano maʻemaʻe, ʻōlinolino o ke kua o ke alelo.
• Hiki i ka lichen planus ke alakaʻi i ka nalo mau ʻana o nā papillae lingual
• maloo waha

ʻO nā pathologies pili ʻole i ke kuleana o nā ʻono

Hoʻopilikia kekahi mau pathologies i ka ʻōnaehana ʻike ʻono e pili ana i ka ʻono, ka ʻōnaehana nerve a me ka lolo:

• ʻO ka lolo o ka maka
• ʻO ka mumū o kahi aʻalolo maka
• Hiki i ke koko i loko o ka lolo a i ʻole thalamus ke hoʻopau i ka ʻono, i kapa ʻia ʻo ageusia.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā pathologies me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe waha maikaʻi ʻole

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ke alelo saburral a me ke alelo huluhulu me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau a me ka ʻōpala e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu hou ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe waha. Hoʻokumu pū ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ke alelo huluhulu ma ka wehe ʻana i nā kumu pilikia.

ʻŌlelo ʻāina

Ke ʻeha ka ʻeha, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka cream tacrolimus topical, corticosteroids, retinoids (topical a waha paha) a me cyclosporin.

ʻO nā hana ʻē aʻe

Ke hoʻopili ʻia ka papillae e kahi maʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mālama ʻana ke kumu. No ka laʻana, mālama ʻia nā maʻi me nā microorganism me nā antibiotic a i ʻole nā ​​antifungal kūloko. Ho'ōla wale ka papilitis. 

ʻO nā ʻono maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi e hele mua ma o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe waha maikaʻi:

• ʻO ka palaki niho i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi 
• Hoʻohana i ka toothpaste fluoride
• Hoʻohana i ke kaula meaʻai
• Kiʻi makahiki i ke kauka niho 
• ʻAi ʻokoʻa a kaulike

Eia kekahi, ua paipai ʻia ka nau ʻana i ka ʻuala me ka ʻole o ke kō ma hope o kēlā me kēia ʻai ʻana a me ka holoi waha ʻole ʻawaʻawa.