Nā hopena maikaʻi o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka paka

I kona ʻano ponoʻī, ua like kēia me ka hana kahu: ma hea kahi, aia nā mea āpau (akā i kēia hihia i kahi ala maikaʻi). Eia kekahi, ke hōʻole i kekahi manawa inā ʻaʻole nā ​​ʻohana, akā ua hoʻoholo nā hoaaloha o nā hoaaloha e lawe i kahi pae i kahi ola olakino.

Ke hoʻohālikelike nei i ka ʻikepili mai ka 1971 a me ka 2003, ua kūkulu nā ʻepekema i nā mana kamepiula o nā pūnaewele kaiaulu (ma kahi o ʻumikūmālua tausani mau kānaka i pili e pili ana he kanalima tausani mau pilina heterogeneous) a me nā mea puhipaka a me nā mea puhipaka ʻole me nā kiʻi like ʻole.

ʻIke ʻia i loko o nā makahiki i hala aku nei, he nui ka poʻe i kāpae i ka ʻano maikaʻi ʻole: ua iho ka helu puhipaka ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa mai kanakolukūmāhiku a i ka iwakāluakūmālua pākēneka. I ka manawa like, ma mua ua hoʻomaka kahi kanaka he hoa pili loa o kahi puhipaka puhipaka iā ia iho me ka manawa he kanaono pākēneka, kekahi i kekahi - iwakāluakūmāiwa pākēneka, a laila - ʻumikūmākahi pākēneka.

I kēia manawa ke pālahalaha nei kēia mana i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe: ka poʻe, e ʻōlelo paha kekahi, "e hoʻopili i kekahi i kekahi me ka puhipaka ʻole."

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke noho me ka ʻole o ka uahi ʻole ke hōʻino wale i ko lākou olakino, akā i ko lākou kūlana. Inā ma mua he hiki i ka mea puhipaka ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka nui o ka poʻe, i kēia manawa aia paha ia ma ke kaʻe o ka pūnaewele kaiaulu, ua loaʻa i nā ʻepekema.

Kumu:

Opio mau loa

me ke kuhikuhi i

ʻO ka nūpepaʻo New England Journal of Medicine

.

Waiho i ka Reply