Contents
He liʻiliʻi loa kā mākou ʻike e pili ana i ko mākou honua. He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia no ka hohonu o ke kai a me ke kai. Aia ma ka ʻāina kekahi mau wahi e kahaha ai ka noʻonoʻo kanaka. Eia kekahi laʻana, nā wahi hohonu loa o ka Honua. ʻO nā mea a mākou e ʻike ai e pili ana iā lākou a me nā wahi haʻahaʻa loa o ka ʻili honua - ʻoi aku ka nui ma hope.
He ʻokoʻa nā puka nui a i ʻole nā pali i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā, akā he ʻano ʻano ʻano like ʻole ko mākou honua. Me nā piko mauna kiʻekiʻe loa, aia kekahi nā wahi hohonu loa o ko kākou honua ʻo nā mea kūlohelohe a me nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kanaka.
10 Lake Baikal | 1 642 m
He kuhi hewa paha ka manaʻo ʻo nā wahi hohonu loa o ka Honua aia wale nō ma nā moana a me nā kai. ʻO Baikal ka hohonu o 1 mika a ʻo ia ka hohonu ma waena o nā loko. No laila, kapa pinepine nā kama'āina iā Baikal i ke kai. Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia hohonu e ke kumu tectonic o ka loko. Nui nā moʻolelo ʻē aʻe a me nā mea ʻike kupanaha i pili pū me kēia wahi. Hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Baikal ʻo ka wai kūlohelohe nui loa ma ka Honua. ʻO kēia ka loko kahiko loa ma ko mākou honua (ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 642 miliona mau makahiki) a ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ʻelua hapakolu o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona o ka waihona i kahi ʻē aʻe.
9. Kruber-Voronya Cave | 2 m
Aia kekahi pilikua ma waena o nā ana. ʻO ke ana ʻo Krubera-Voronya (Abkhazia) no nā wahi hohonu loa o ka Honua. ʻO 2 mika kona hohonu. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka ʻāpana i aʻo ʻia o ke ana. Hiki paha i ka huakaʻi aʻe ke hele i lalo a hoʻonohonoho i kahi moʻolelo hohonu hou. Aia ka lua karst i nā pūnāwai i hoʻopili ʻia e nā alahele a me nā hale kiʻi. Ua wehe mua ʻia i ka makahiki 196. A laila hiki i nā ana ke iho i lalo i kahi hohonu o 1960 mika. Ua lanakila ʻia ka pale ʻelua kilomika e ka huakaʻi our country o nā speleologists ma 95.
8. Na'u Towton | 4 m
ʻO Tau Tona Mine ma ʻApelika Hema ka lua hohonu loa ma ka honua. Aia ia ma ka Repubalika o ʻApelika Hema, ʻaʻole mamao loa mai Johannesburg. ʻO ka lua gula nui loa o ka honua ke hele i ka lepo no 4 mau kilomita. Ma kēia hohonu kupaianaha, aia kahi kūlanakauhale ma lalo o ka honua me kahi pūnaewele o nā tunnels lōʻihi. No ka hele ʻana i kā lākou wahi hana, pono ka poʻe miners e hoʻolimalima ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola. ʻO ka hana ʻana i kahi hohonu e pili ana i ka nui o nā pōʻino - ʻo ia ka haʻahaʻa, a hiki i ka 100% i kekahi mau lālā o ka mine, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ea wela, ka pilikia o ka pahū ʻana mai ke kinoea e komo ana i loko o nā tunnels a hāʻule mai nā ōlaʻi. pinepine maanei. Akā, ʻo nā pōʻino a pau o ka hana a me nā kumukūʻai o ka mālama ʻana i ka hana o ka mine e uku nui ʻia e ke gula i ʻeli ʻia - i ka mōʻaukala holoʻokoʻa o ka noho ʻana o ka maina, 1200 tons metala makamae i ʻeli ʻia ma ʻaneʻi.
7. punawai Kola | 12 m
ʻO ka luawai hohonu loa ma ka Honua ʻo ia ka pūnāwai Kola superdeep, aia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Rūsia. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau a hoihoi i hana ʻia e nā ʻepekema Soviet. Ua hoʻomaka ka wili ʻana i ka makahiki 1970 a hoʻokahi wale nō pahuhopu - e aʻo hou e pili ana i ka ʻōpala o ka Honua. Ua koho ʻia ʻo Kola Peninsula no ka hoʻokolohua no ka mea ʻo nā pōhaku kahiko loa o ka Honua, ma kahi o 3 miliona mau makahiki, hiki mai i ka ʻili ma ʻaneʻi. Ua hoihoi nui lakou i ka poe epekema. He 12 mika ka hohonu o ka luawai. Ua hiki ke hana i nā mea i manaʻo ʻole ʻia a koi ʻia e noʻonoʻo hou i nā manaʻo ʻepekema e pili ana i ka hiki ʻana mai o nā pōhaku o ka Honua. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo ka pūnāwai, i hana ʻia no kahi kumu ʻepekema maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka noi i nā makahiki i hala, a ua hoʻoholo ʻia e mālama.
Ma ka papa inoa o nā wahi hohonu loa o ko mākou honua, aia nā pilikua maoli - nā ʻauwaha lalo.
6. Izu-Bonin Auwaha | 9 810 m
I ka makahiki 1873-76, ua alakaʻi ka moku kai moana ʻAmelika ʻo Tuscarora i nā noiʻi ʻana o ke kai no ka hoʻomoe ʻana i ke kaula i lalo o ka wai. ʻO ka nui, haʻalele ʻia i nā mokupuni ʻo Iapana o Izu, i hoʻopaʻa i kahi hohonu o 8 mika. Ma hope mai, ua hoʻonohonoho ka moku Soviet "Vityaz" i 500 i ka hohonu hohonu o ke kaumaha - 1955 mika.
5. Kuril-Kamchatsky Trench | 10 m
Puhi Kamchatka Trench - ʻaʻole kēia wale kekahi o nā wahi hohonu loa o ka Honua, ʻo ke kaumaha hoʻi ka haiki loa ma ka Moana Pākīpika. He 59 mika ka laula o ka auwai, a he 10 mika ka hohonu loa. Aia ke kahawai ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana ʻākau o ka Moana Pākīpika. I ka waena o ke kenekulia hope, ua komo nā ʻepekema Soviet i kāna aʻo ʻana ma ka moku Vityaz. ʻAʻohe noiʻi kikoʻī i hana ʻia. Ua wehe ʻia ka ʻauwai e ka moku ʻAmelika ʻo Tuscarora a ua lawe i kēia inoa no ka manawa lōʻihi a hiki i kona inoa hou ʻana.
4. Auwaha Kermadec | 10 m
Aia ma ka Moana Pākīpika mai nā mokupuni ʻo Kermadec. ʻO 10 mika ka hohonu o ka hohonu. Ua noiʻi ʻia e ka moku Soviet "Vityaz". I ka makahiki 047, ma kahi hohonu o 2008 mau kilomita ma ka ʻAha Kermadec, ua ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano iʻa i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma mua o ka ʻohana iʻa snail. Pīhoihoi ka poʻe noiʻi i nā noho ʻē aʻe o kēia wahi hohonu loa ma ka Honua - nā crustaceans nui 7-centimeter.
3. Auwaha Pilipine | 10 540 m
Ka ʻauwaha Pilipino wehe i nā wahi hohonu ʻekolu ma luna o ka honua. 10 mika - ʻo ia kona hohonu. Ua hana ʻia he mau miliona makahiki i hala ma muli o ka hui ʻana o nā papa honua. Aia ma ka hikina o ka pae moku Pilipine. Ma ke ala, ua manaʻo lōʻihi ka poʻe ʻepekema ʻo ka Philippine Trench ka wahi hohonu loa o ka Moana Pākīpika.
2. Auwaha Tonga | 10 882 m
Aia ia ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana hema o ka Moana Pākīpika, kokoke i nā mokupuni ʻo Tonga. He mea hoihoi loa keia wahi no ka mea he wahi seismic ikaika loa ia. Nui nā ʻōlaʻi ikaika i kēia makahiki. He 10 mika ka hohonu o ka auwai. ʻO 882 mika wale nō ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka Mariana Trench. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma kahi o ka pākēneka, akā hoʻonoho ʻo ia i ka ʻĀina Tonga ma kahi lua ma ka papa inoa o nā wahi hohonu loa o ka Honua.
1. Mariana Trench | 10 994 m
Aia ia ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Moana Pākīpika a ua like kona ʻano me ka mahina puāhilo. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka auwai ma mua o 2,5 tausani mau kilomita, a ʻo ka hohonu loa he 10 mika. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Challenger Deep.
Ua ʻike ʻia ka wahi hohonu loa ma ka Honua i ka makahiki 1875 e ka moku Pelekane Challenger. I kēia lā, ʻo ke kaumaha ka mea i aʻo nui ʻia ma mua o nā ʻauwaha hohonu ʻē aʻe. Ua ho'āʻo lākou e hōʻea i lalo i nā luʻu ʻehā: i ka makahiki 1960, 1995, 2009 a me 2012. ʻO ka manawa hope loa i iho aku ai ka luna hoʻomalu ʻo James Cameron i ka Mariana Trench wale nō. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau, ʻo ka lalo o ka pā i hoʻomanaʻo iā ia i ka ʻili o ka mahina ʻole. Akā, ʻaʻole like me ka satellite o ka Honua, noho ʻia ka Mariana Trench e nā mea ola. Ua loaʻa i nā mea noiʻi nā amoebae ʻona, nā mollusks a me nā iʻa kai hohonu ma ʻaneʻi he mea weliweli loa ke nānā aku. No ka mea, ʻaʻohe aʻo ʻana o ka ʻauwaha, koe wale nō nā luʻu pōkole, hiki i ka Mariana Trench ke hūnā i nā mea hoihoi.