ʻO nā kaula leo, a i ʻole nā ​​pā leo, aia ma ka pae o ka larynx, e ʻae ai i ka phonation.

Kūlana. ʻElua i ka helu, aia nā kaula leo i loko o ke kōpana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka larynx (1). Ma loko o kēia lepe, aia nā kaula leo ma kahi o 8mm mai ka lihi o lalo o ka cartilage thyroid (1). Hoʻonui lākou mai mua a hope, a hana i kahi ʻano V e kuhikuhi ana i mua.

• I mua, hoʻopili nā kaula leo i ka cartilage thyroid o ka larynx.
• Ma ka hope, hoʻopili nā kaula leo i ka cartilage arytenoid, ma ka pae o ke kaʻina leo.

'ole. Hana ʻia nā kaula leo i nā mea he nui (1):

• Hoʻokumu ʻia ka membrane mucous o nā kaula leo i kahi epithelium a me kahi chorion. ʻO nā mea hope loa nā pūʻolo e hana ana i ka ligament leo a i ʻole ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o kou ligro-arytenoid.
• ʻO ke kaʻina hana leo kahi ʻano cartilaginous i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoponopono i ka ligament leo ma ka pae o ka cartilage arytenoid.
• ʻO nā mākala o nā kaula leo ka puʻupuʻu leo, aia i ka mānoanoa o nā kaula leo, a me kaʻiʻo crico-thyroid. Hana ʻia i ʻelua pūʻolo, hoʻopili ka mea hope i ka neʻe haʻalulu o nā cartilages arytenoid, no laila e ʻae ana i ka haunaele o nā kaula leo.

innervation. ʻO ke kani leo ke aloha, sensory a me ka motika i loko. Lawe ʻia ka ʻaoʻao internal e ke aʻalolo laryngeal kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mākala leo a me ka mākala crico-thyroid e ke aʻalolo laryngeal hou a me ke aʻalolo laryngeal waho, (1).

Māhele i ka ale ʻana. I mea e pale ai i ka hele ʻana o ka meaʻai a wai paha ma o ka trachea a me nā akemāmā, pani ka epiglottis i ka larynx a hui pū nā kaula leo (2).

Hana hanu. Hāʻawi nā epiglottis a me nā kaula leo i ka ea i loaʻa i ka trachea a me nā māmā, a hoʻokuʻu i ka ea i ka pharynx (2).

ʻOihana o ka haʻiʻōlelo. Kani ʻia ke kani o ka kamaʻilio ke kani ʻia ka ea i loko o nā kaula leo.

Eha ka 'ā'ī. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, pili lākou i nā viral. I ke kumu o ka laryngitis a i ʻole epiglottitis, pili paha lākou i kahi maʻi bacteria.

Laryngitis. Kūlike ia me ka mumū o ka larynx, keu hoʻi i nā kaula leo. Huʻi a mau paha, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he batukū a me ka dysphonia (nā maʻi o ke ala). ʻOi aku ka koʻikoʻi i nā keiki a hele pū ʻia me dispnea (paʻakikī hanu) (3).

Nūule kaula leo. ʻO ka nodule he pōpō o ke kele i hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā wahi āpau o ke kino, keu hoʻi i nā kaula leo. ʻO kēia nā tumele maʻa maʻamau, a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai inā lilo ka nodule i kahi leona.

Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o nā kaula leo. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāʻī (4).

Antibiotic a i ʻole anti-inflammatory lapaʻau. Kau ʻia kahi antibiotic no kahi maʻi bacteria. Hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory e kaupalena i ka lī.

Tracheotomy. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi loa, pili kēia hana i ka wehe i ka pae o ka larynx e ʻae ai i ka hele ʻana o ka ea a pale i ka asphyxiation.

Laryngectomy. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi loa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki ke hana i ka lawe ʻana i ka larynx (5).

Radiotherapy. Hoʻopau ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai e ka hōʻike ʻana i nā kukuna x (5).

ʻO Chemotherapy. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā lāʻau e hōʻemi i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Laryngoscopy kuhikuhi ʻole. ʻAe iā ʻoe e nānā i ka larynx e hoʻohana ana i kahi aniani liʻiliʻi i kau ʻia ma hope o ka ʻāʻī (6).

Laryngoscopy pololei. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka larynx me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paipu ʻoʻoleʻa a maʻalahi hoʻi i hoʻolauna ʻia ma o ka ihu. Hiki i kēia hana ke ʻae i kahi laʻana e lawe ʻia (biopsy) inā koi ʻia ka hoʻokolokolo (6).

Laryngopharyngography. Hiki ke hana i kēia x-ray ninaninau ʻana i ka larynx e hoʻopau i ke kuhi (6).

ʻO ke kūlana haʻahaʻa o ka larynx i nā kānaka o kēia au i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mammal ʻē aʻe kahi kumuhana o ke kumumanaʻo e pili ana i ke kumu o ka ʻōlelo. Eia nō naʻe, ke hōʻike nei kahi noiʻi hou i ka hiki ke ʻōlelo ma mua o ka makahiki (7).