He aha ka mea e ʻai ai nā halo
E like me ke ʻano o ka meaʻai, ua māhele ʻia nā halo i nā hōʻailona a me nā saprotrophs. Hoʻopili nā Symbionts i nā mea ola. A ʻo nā saprotrophs ka hapa nui o ka ʻōpala a me nā halo pāpale, ka hū. Hoʻokumu nā haʻuki Saprotrophic i ka mycelium elongating mau i kēlā me kēia lā. Ma muli o ka ulu wikiwiki a me nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻolālā, pili pono ka mycelium me ka substrate, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā enzyme huna ma waho o ke kino o ka haʻupuʻu, a laila komo i loko o nā pūpū fungal i meaʻai.
Ma muli o ka nele o ka chlorophyll i nā halo, ua hilinaʻi nui lākou i ke alo o kahi kumu o ka meaʻai meaʻai, i mākaukau mua no ka ʻai.
Hoʻohana ka nui o nā haʻakai i nā mea ola o nā mea ola make no kā lākou meaʻai, a me nā koena o nā mea kanu, nā aʻa popopo, nā ʻōpala o ka nahele pala, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻo ka luku ʻana i nā lau maloʻo, nā lālā a me nā kumu lāʻau make e hoʻopuehu i ka nahele.
Hoʻoulu ʻia nā fungi ma nā wahi a pau e waiho ai nā mea kanu, no ka laʻana, hāʻule nā lau, lāʻau kahiko, koena holoholona, a hoʻonāukiuki i kā lākou decomposition a me ka mineralization, a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o humus. No laila, he mau mea hoʻoheheʻe (mea luku), like nā hua bacteria a me nā microorganism ʻē aʻe.
ʻOkoʻa loa nā halo i ko lākou hiki ke komo i nā pūhui organik like ʻole. Hiki i kekahi ke hoʻopau wale i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa maʻalahi, nā waiʻona, nā waikawa organik (sugar mushrooms), nā mea ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hūnā i nā enzyme hydrolytic e hoʻoheheʻe i ka starch, nā protein, cellulose, chitin a ulu ma nā substrates i loaʻa kēia mau mea.
ʻO nā haʻu parasitic
Hoʻokō ʻia ke ola o kēia mau fungi ma ka lilo o nā mea ola ʻē aʻe, incl. laau oo. Hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ia mau haʻuki i loko o nā māwae a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i loko o nā kumulāʻau ma ke ʻano o nā spores i lawe ʻia e nā iniseti e ʻai ana i nā lua o ka ʻili. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Sapwood beetles ka mea lawe nui i nā spores. Inā ʻoe e nānā pono iā lākou ma lalo o kahi microscope, a laila ma nā ʻāpana o ka iwi waho o kēia mau inike, a me ka ʻili o kā lākou testicles, aia kahi hyphae. Ma muli o ke komo ʻana o ka mycelium o nā haʻuki parasitic i loko o nā kīʻaha o nā mea kanu, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā sila fibrous o kahi kala keʻokeʻo i loko o nā ʻiʻo o ka "host", a no laila e maloʻo koke a make.
Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomaopopo i ke ola ʻana o nā fungi e parasitize i nā fungi ʻē aʻe. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o kēia ʻo Boletus parasiticus, hiki ke ulu wale ma luna o nā haʻani pili i ka genus Scleroderma (nā puffballs wahaheʻe). I ka manawa like, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau ʻōnaehana hoʻomohala. No ka laʻana, hiki i kekahi mau pūʻulu o nā haʻuki parasitic, ma muli o kekahi mau kūlana, ke lilo i saprophytes piha. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ia mau haʻani he mau haʻiki liʻiliʻi, a me ka halo maʻamau maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā kumuwaiwai o ka "host" a pepehi iā ia i kahi manawa pōkole loa, ma hope o kona make ʻana, hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā ʻiʻo make no kona ola. hana.