E pili ana i nā nitrates i nā mea kanu

Ua lohe ʻia kēlā me kēia mea ʻai meaʻai i hoʻokahi manawa i kona ola ʻana, ma ka pane ʻana i kāna mau moʻolelo e pili ana i ka pōʻino o ka meaʻai ʻiʻo: “Ua piha pū nā huaʻai i nā nitrates a me nā ʻano kemika āpau. He aha ka laila?!" ʻO kēia kekahi o nā ʻōlelo hoʻopaʻapaʻa punahele a ka poʻe ʻai ʻai. ʻOiaʻiʻo, he aha nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai āu e ʻai ai? A pehea ka pōʻino o ka "pilikia nitrate" no ko mākou olakino? Nitrates: ʻo wai nā hoaaloha, he poʻe pōā ʻo Nitrates nā paʻakai o ka waikawa nitric, he mea ia o ka mea kanu mea kanu a pono lākou e kūkulu i nā cell a hana i ka chlorophyll. ʻO kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka nitrates i loko o ka lepo ʻaʻole ia he mea make i nā mea kanu; ma ka mea ʻē aʻe, kōkua ia i kā lākou ulu ulu ʻana, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka photosynthesis a me nā hua kiʻekiʻe. No laila, makemake paha ka poʻe mahiʻai e "hoʻonui iki" me nā mea kanu. No nā kānaka a me nā holoholona, ​​ʻaʻole pilikia nā nitrates i ka nui maʻamau, akā hiki i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ke kumu i ka make a hiki i ka make. I ka manawa i loko o ke kino, i loko o ka ʻōpū nui, ma lalo o ka mana o ka microflora, huli nā nitrates i nitrites - he mea ʻawaʻawa lākou i nā kānaka. He hopena koʻikoʻi ko Nitrites i ka hemoglobin: ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka hao hao i ka hao ferric a loaʻa ka methemoglobin, ʻaʻole hiki ke lawe i ka oxygen i nā ʻiʻo a me nā kino - hiki mai ka pōloli oxygen. Wahi a nā kūlana o ka World Health Organization, ʻo ka ʻae ʻia o ka nitrates i kēlā me kēia lā no ke kanaka ʻaʻole pono ma mua o 5 mg no 1 kg o ke kaumaha o ke kino, ʻo ia hoʻi. e. no ke kanaka he 70 kg - ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 350 mg i kēlā me kēia lā. Inā ʻoe e lawe i ka 600-650 mg o nā nitrates i ka manawa, hiki ke make i ke kanaka makua. I nā keiki (ʻo ka liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻōlelo) ua hoʻemi ʻia ka synthesis o nā mea i kuleana no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka hemoglobin, no laila ʻoi aku ka pōʻino o nā nitrates no nā pēpē ma mua o nā pākeke. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena o ka nitrates i ke kanaka ʻaʻole hilinaʻi wale i ko lākou nui, akā i ke kūlana o ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Ma ke kino olakino, ʻoi aku ka lohi o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā nitrates i nitrites ma mua o ke kino nāwaliwali. Hoʻopau wale ʻia kahi hapa nui o lākou, a ua hoʻololi ʻia kekahi i mea pono. Hāʻawi ʻia ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i nā nitrates ma ke ʻano, a ʻo ka metabolism maʻamau ke hōʻike nei i kekahi o kēia mau paʻakai. Ma ke ʻano he meaʻai no nā mea kanu, ʻo ka nitrates mau ko lākou ʻāpana koʻikoʻi (i ʻole, ʻaʻohe mea kanu iā lākou iho). Akā, pono nā kānaka e makaʻala i nā paʻakai nitric acid a, inā hiki, e hoʻemi i kā lākou ʻai. Pehea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho mai nā nitrates ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke ala maʻalahi loa e ʻōlelo ai pono ʻoe e ʻai wale i nā mea kanu i hōʻoia ʻia, i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o nā māla i hōʻoia ʻia, nā kānaka i hōʻoia ʻia. A i ʻole e ʻōlelo i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mita nitrate a i ʻole ka mea hōʻike nitrate (inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mea e pili ana i ka pono o ia mau mea hana, e ʻoluʻolu e kākau ma nā ʻōlelo i ka ʻatikala) Akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke ola kēia: ke kū nei ʻoe i mua o kahi counter me nā mea kanu kala / nā huaʻai, a me nā mea a pau e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike iā lākou, ua kākau ʻia ma ka helu kumu kūʻai - ke kumukūʻai a me ka ʻāina o ka ulu ʻana ... Eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo kōkua: E ʻike i ke ʻano o kēia "hua". I nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole, ʻokoʻa ka ʻike o ka nitrates i ka wā o ka ʻohi ʻana. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā mea kanu āpau i nā paʻakai nitric acid ma nā ʻano like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻano pīni ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka nitrate ma mua o nā ʻano pīni melemele. E koho i nā mea pala. Inā hiki, e hoʻopau i nā ʻano ʻano mua, nā mea kanu ʻai ʻole, a me nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kahi e loaʻa ai ka nui o nā nitrates, mai ka ʻai. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pono e ʻae ʻia nā lau ʻai ʻoi loa. No ka laʻana, loaʻa i nā aʻa i ulu nui ʻia o nā beets papaʻaina a me ka zucchini ka nui o nā nitrates. I nā kāloti, uaʻikeʻia ka maikaʻi o ke aʻa me ka nui o 100-200 g. ʻO ka ʻono a me ke kala. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā nitrates ma mua o nā ʻano ʻano ʻano ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula (ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāloti). Akā ʻaʻole ʻo ka helehelena wale nō ka mea nui. Inā he ʻono kūlohelohe nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻoluʻolu e nau - hōʻike kēia i ka nui o nā paʻakai nitric acid. Hou wale nō! ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana i nā salati a me nā huaʻai a me nā wai ʻai i hoʻomākaukau hou ʻia. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wā pōkole i loko o ka friji e alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka microflora, e kōkua ana i ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻona i nā kānaka. E pale i nā mea mālama. E hoʻokaʻawale i nā meaʻai canned mai ka meaʻai (a i ka manawa like i nā sausages a me nā ʻiʻo i puhi ʻia), i hoʻomākaukau ʻia me ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā nitrates a me nā nitrites. I ka hana ʻana i nā huahana ham a me ka sausage, ua hoʻohui ʻia lākou ʻaʻole wale e kāohi i ka hana o ka bacteria pathogenic, akā hāʻawi pū i nā huahana ʻiʻo i kahi ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. E hoʻohana i ka wai maʻemaʻe. Ma kahi o 20% o nā nitrates a pau e komo i ke kino o ke kanaka me ka wai. ʻO ka wai paila i hoʻohaumia ʻia me nā nitrates ʻaʻole e hoʻemi, akā hoʻonui i kona ʻona. ʻO ka ʻawaʻawa me ia wai ka mea weliweli loa, no ka mea, piʻi ka nui o ka lawe ʻana i nā meaʻawaʻawa i loko o ke koko. Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka nitrate i loko o nā mea kanu (ʻo nā mea i loaʻa iā ʻoe i kāu lumi kuke) ʻOiai inā ua nalowale ʻoe i ka pōʻai mua i ka hakakā ʻana me ka nitrates a kūʻai i ka puaʻa i loko o ka poke, ʻaʻole nalowale nā ​​​​mea āpau. Me ke kōkua o ka pahi, kahi kīʻaha a me nā mea pono ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoponopono i ke kūlana a hoʻopau i nā paʻakai nitrogen keu. Aia nā ʻano like ʻole: i ka wā e kuke ai, canning, salting, fermenting a me ka ʻili ʻana i nā mea kanu, hoʻemi nui ʻia ka pae o ka nitrates. Akā ʻaʻole like nā ʻano hana a pau, e komo pū ana mai ka manaʻo o ka mālama ʻana i nā mea pono. No ka laʻana, inā ʻoe e hoʻoinu i ka ʻuala i hoʻokahi lā i hoʻokahi pākēneka o ka paʻakai, a laila ʻaneʻane ʻaʻohe nitrates i loko, a me nā mea waiwai biologically pū kekahi. He mea kūikawā ka fermentation, canning, salting, pickling i nā lā 3-4 mua i hoʻonui ʻia ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā nitrates i nitrites, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻole ʻana i ka kāpeti hou, nā kukama a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe ma mua o 10-15 mau lā ma hope. . Me ka lōʻihi (no 2 mau hola) i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā lau lau, holoi ʻia ka 15-20% o nā nitrates. No ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka nui o nā nitrates i loko o nā hua aʻa a me ke kāpena e 25-30%, ua lawa ia e hoʻopaʻa iā lākou i ka wai no hoʻokahi hola, ma hope o kaʻokiʻana i nā'āpana liʻiliʻi. I ka wā kuke ʻana, nalowale ka ʻuala i ka 80%, kāloti, kāpeti, rutabaga - a hiki i 70%, papa beets - a hiki i 40% o nā nitrates, akā ua luku ʻia kekahi o nā meaʻai a me nā huaora. ʻO kēia mau ʻano hana a pau he hoʻokahi drawback nui - ʻo ka nui o nā nitrates i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā cell a ʻaʻole i unuhi ʻia ma ia ʻano. ʻO ke ala ʻoi loa ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻana i nā mea kanu. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā nitrates i nā mea kanu. He liʻiliʻi loa lākou i nā huaʻai, no laila ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā huaʻai a me nā kīʻaha ka mea palekana loa e ʻai. Pono e hoʻoneʻe i nā wahi o ka neʻe ʻana o nā paʻakai nitrogen, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu hou: peel, stalks, cores of root crops, petioles, nā wahi o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā hua aʻa i nā aʻa, stalk. Hoʻemi kēia i ka "nitrate" o nā mea kanu i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau manawa. Hoʻomaopopo ka Encyclopedia of Safety no kēlā me kēia mea kanu i kāna ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe: BEET. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Beetroot he mōʻīwahine i waena o nā mea kanu, akā ua hāʻawi ʻia nō hoʻi ia i ke poʻo poʻokela i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā nitrates. Hiki i kekahi o kona mau ʻelele ke loaʻa i ka 4000 mg / kg. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ʻia nā nitrates i nā beets. Inā lawe ʻia kā lākou ʻike ma ka ʻāpana waena o ka hua aʻa e like me 1 ʻāpana, a laila ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa (kokoke i ka huelo) aia he 4 mau ʻāpana, a ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna (kokoke i nā lau) - 8 mau ʻāpana. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka luna ma kahi o ka hapahā a me ka huelo - ma kahi o ka hapawalu o ka hua aʻa. Ma kēia ala, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā beets mai ʻekolu hapaha o nā nitrates. ELELE. I ka letus, spinach, parsley, dill a me nā greens ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka nitrates ma mua o nā beets. Eia kekahi, i nā mea kanu mai nā moena unfertilized, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka paʻakai, akā i ka poʻe i ulu i kahi hopena nutrient a i ʻole i ka lepo hānai maikaʻi, hiki i ka neʻe o ka nitrates ke hiki i 4000-5000 mg / kg. He heterogene ka paʻakai o nā paʻakai ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o nā mea kanu - ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou i nā kumu a me nā petioles o nā lau. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, loaʻa i nā mea kanu hou nā huaora he nui e pale ai i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā nitrates i nitrites. ʻO ka nui o ka ascorbic acid (vitamin C) e kōkua i ka "neutralize" nitrates, no laila he mea pono e hoʻohui i nā mea kanu hou i nā kīʻaha mea kanu. Akā mai poina ma lalo o ka mana o nā microorganisms a me ka ea, huli wikiwiki nā nitrates i nitrites. ʻOki maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma mua o ka lawelawe ʻana. KĀPIKI. I loko o ke kāpena keʻokeʻo, "koho" nā nitrates i nā lau o luna (ʻekolu aʻehā mau papa). He papalua ka nui o na paakai nitrogen i loko o ia mau mea a ma ke kumu o ke poo. I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, mālama ka kāpeti hou i kāna ʻano nitrate a hiki i Pepeluali, akā ma Malaki, hāʻule ka paʻakai paʻakai ma kahi o ʻekolu manawa. I ka sauerkraut, ʻo nā lā 3-4 mua kahi hoʻololi wikiwiki o nā nitrates i nitrites. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana i ke kāpena paʻakai māmā ma mua o hoʻokahi pule. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hele ka hapa nui o nā nitrates i loko o ka brine - a me ka hapalua o nā mea waiwai a pau. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā nitrates ma mua o ke kāpena keʻokeʻo a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mahu. RADISH. Loaʻa i nā Radishes i kekahi manawa a hiki i ka 2500 mg/kg o nā nitrates. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo maikaʻi ʻia ke ʻano o ka 500 mg/kg (no nā ʻano mua). I nā "ʻano puni" o ka radish, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā paʻakai nitrogen ma mua o ka "elongated". Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i ka nui o ka nitrate o nā radishes i ka hapalua ma ka ʻoki ʻana i nā piko a me nā huelo e 1/8. UALA. Me ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana, hāʻule nui ka ʻike o ka nitrates i ka ʻuala i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Malaki - aneane ʻehā mau manawa. A hiki i Pepeluali, ʻaneʻane hoʻololi ka manaʻo. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā paʻakai i loko o ka tuber e pili kokoke ana i ka waena (a ua kokoke nā mea waiwai i ka peel!), Akā, liʻiliʻi ka ʻokoʻa. No laila, he mea ʻole ka ʻili ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā huaora a me nā enzyme i loaʻa ma lalo o ka peel e kaupalena i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā nitrates i nitrites. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa o ka kuke ʻana i ka ʻuala me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka nitrates e puhi ʻia, "i ka lole": hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻuala liʻiliʻi, ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā mea nui i 2, 4 a i ʻole 6 mau ʻāpana, a hiki i ka 60-70% o nā nitrates. I ka wā kuke maʻamau, hoʻoneʻe ʻia a hiki i 40%, inā e palai - ma kahi o 15%. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ninini ʻana i ka wai i koe ma hope o ka kuke ʻana i ka ʻuala. KAROKA. ʻO nā kāloti, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea mua, hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i ka 1000 mg/kg o nā nitrates. ʻOi aku ka nui o lākou ma luna, kokoke i nā lau, a ma ka huelo ponoʻī. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā nitrates i loaʻa i loko o nā kāloti liʻiliʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole wale nā ​​kāloti, akā nā mea kanu āpau - beets, turnips, zucchini, etc. ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i nā ʻano nui. I nā kāloti ʻokiʻoki (e like me nā greens, beets, etc.), huli koke nā nitrates i nitrites. I loko o nā salakeke, hoʻonui ʻia kēia mau kaʻina e ka hiki ʻana o ka ʻaila ʻawaʻawa a i ʻole ka mayonnaise (ʻo ka mayonnaise ponoʻī ka mea make!), E kōkua ana i ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o nā microorganisms. ʻO ka ʻaila Sunflower ke kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria. ZUCCHINI Hiki iā lākou ke komo i ka 700 mg/kg o nā nitrates. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou aia ma kahi ʻāpana lahilahi ma lalo o ka ʻili a kokoke i ka huelo. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wehe ʻana i ka huelo a wehe i ka peel i kahi papa mānoanoa. Hoʻomoʻa pinepine ʻia ʻo Zucchini, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea makua, kahi e hoʻemi ai i kā lākou nitrate ma mua o ʻelua mau manawa. Hiki ke puhi ʻia i loko o ka ipu kuke. ʻŌpala. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole, hiki i nā kukama ke hōʻiliʻili a hiki i 600 mg / kg o nitrates. ʻOi aku ka nui o lākou ma lalo o ka ʻili ma mua o ka waena. A inā ʻawaʻawa ka ʻili, ʻoluʻolu ʻole, pono e ʻoki ʻia. Manaʻo ʻia hoʻi e ʻoki i ka ʻāpana ʻono loa kokoke i ka huelo. *** ʻOiaʻiʻo, he hāʻule wale kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i ke kai o ka ʻike pono e pono ai e mālama i ke olakino. Akā i kēia manawa hiki ke pane palekana ʻia ka nīnau o ka poʻe ʻai ʻai e pili ana i ka nitrates: "Ua makaʻu ʻoe i nā nitrates?