Ua ʻai anei ko ʻAigupita kahiko e like me kā mākou? Inā he mea ʻai ʻoe, he mau kaukani makahiki i hala aku nei ma kapa o ka Nile inā ua manaʻo ʻoe ma ka home.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka nui o ka ʻiʻo he mea hou kēia. I nā moʻomeheu kahiko, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka vegetarianism, koe wale nō ka poʻe nomadic. ʻAi ka hapa nui o nā kānaka noho i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu.
ʻOiai ua hōʻike mua ʻia nā kumu i ka nui o ka poʻe ʻAigupita kahiko i ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole hiki a hiki i ka noiʻi hou ʻana ke haʻi i ka nui o kēia mau meaʻai. Ua ʻai anei lākou i ka berena? Ua hilinaʻi ʻoe i ka eggplant a me ke kāleka? No ke aha lākou i lawaiʻa ʻole ai?
Ua ʻike kekahi hui noiʻi Farani ma ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻātoma kalapona i loko o nā mummies o ka poʻe i noho ma ʻAigupita ma waena o 3500 BC e. a me 600 AD e., hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka mea a lākou i ʻai ai.
Loaʻa nā ʻātoma kalapona a pau i loko o nā mea kanu mai ka carbon dioxide i ka lewa ma o photosynthesis. Komo ke kalapona i ko kakou kino ke ai kakou i na mea kanu a holoholona paha i ai i keia mau mea kanu.
ʻO ke ono o ka māmā māmā o ka papaʻaina, carbon, ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻelua isotopes paʻa: carbon-12 a me carbon-13. Hoʻokahi ka hana like ʻana o nā isotopes o ka mea like akā he ʻokoʻa iki ka nui o nā atomika, me ke kalapona-13 ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o ke kalapona-12. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea kanu i ʻelua pūʻulu. ʻO ka hui mua, ʻo C3, kaulana loa i waena o nā mea kanu e like me ke kāleka, eggplant, pears, lentils a me ka palaoa. ʻO ka lua, hui liʻiliʻi, C4, nā huahana e like me ka millet a me ka sorghum.
Hoʻemi iki nā mea kanu C3 maʻamau i ka isotope carbon-13 kaumaha, a ʻoi aku ka nui o C4. Ma ke ana ana i ka lakio o kalapona-13 a me kalapona-12, hiki ke hoomaopopo i ka like ole o na hui elua. Inā ʻai ʻoe i ka nui o nā mea kanu C3, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka naʻau o ka isotope carbon-13 i kou kino ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu C4.
ʻO nā mummies i nānā ʻia e ka hui Farani, ʻo ia nā koena o 45 mau kānaka i lawe ʻia i ʻelua hale hōʻikeʻike ma Lyon, Farani, i ke kenekulia 19. "Ua lawe mākou i kahi ala ʻokoʻa," wehewehe ʻo Alexandra Tuzo, ka mea noiʻi alakaʻi ma ke Kulanui o Lyon. "Ua hana nui mākou me nā iwi a me nā niho, ʻoiai he nui nā mea noiʻi e aʻo nei i ka lauoho, collagen a me nā protein. Ua hana pū mākou i nā manawa he nui, e aʻo ana i nā poʻe he nui mai kēlā me kēia manawa e uhi i kahi manawa nui. "
Ua paʻi nā mea noiʻi i kā lākou mau ʻike ma ka Journal of Archaeology. Ua ana lākou i ka lakio o carbon-13 a i carbon-12 (a me kekahi mau isotopes ʻē aʻe) i loko o nā iwi, enamel, a me ka lauoho o ke koena a ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ana i loko o nā puaʻa i loaʻa ka ʻai hoʻomalu o nā ʻāpana like ʻole o C3 a me C4. . Ma muli o ka like o ka metabolism o ka puaʻa me ko ke kanaka, ua like ka ratio isotope me ka mea i loaʻa i loko o nā mummies.
Hoʻopili ka lauoho i nā protein holoholona ma mua o nā iwi a me nā niho, a ʻo ka ratio o nā isotopes i loko o ka lauoho o nā mummies e kūlike me nā mea ʻai meaʻai ʻEulopa hou, e hōʻike ana he poʻe meaʻai ka nui o ko ʻAigupita kahiko. E like me ke ʻano o ka poʻe he nui o kēia wā, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kā lākou meaʻai i ka palaoa a me ka oats. ʻO ka hopena nui o ka noiʻi ʻana ʻo ka hui C4 e like me ka millet a me ka sorghum i hana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai, ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 pakeneka.
Akā, ua ʻike pū ʻia nā mea kupanaha.
"Ua ʻike mākou ua kūpaʻa ka meaʻai a puni. Ua manaʻo mākou i nā loli, "wahi a Tuzo. Hōʻike kēia i ka hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻana o ko ʻAigupita kahiko i ko lākou kaiapuni ʻoiai ua piʻi nui ka ʻāina ʻo Nile mai 3500 BC. e. a hiki i 600 AD e.
No Kate Spence, he kanaka kālaihonua a he loea kahiko o ʻAigupita ma ke Kulanui o Cambridge, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha: "ʻOiai ua maloʻo loa kēia wahi, ua ulu lākou i nā mea kanu me nā ʻōnaehana irrigation, he mea maikaʻi loa ia," wahi āna. I ka hāʻule ʻana o ka wai o ka Nile, neʻe ka poʻe mahiʻai i kahi kokoke i ka muliwai a hoʻomau i ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻāina ma ke ʻano like.
ʻO ka mea pohihihi maoli ka iʻa. Manaʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ʻAigupita kahiko, ka poʻe i noho kokoke i ka Nile, ua ʻai nui lākou i ka iʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai nā hōʻike moʻomeheu koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole nui ka iʻa i kā lākou ʻai.
"He nui nā hōʻike o ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma nā pā o ʻAigupita (me ka harpoon a me ka ʻupena), aia pū kekahi iʻa ma nā palapala. He nui nā hōʻike archaeological o ka ʻai iʻa mai nā wahi e like me Gaza a me Amama, "wahi a Spence, me ka hoʻohui ʻana ʻaʻole i ʻai ʻia kekahi mau ʻano iʻa no nā kumu hoʻomana. "He mea kāhāhā wale nō, ʻoiai ke hōʻike ʻia nei ka loiloi isotope ʻaʻole kaulana loa ka iʻa."