ʻO Candida albicans kahi haʻo maʻamau i loaʻa i loko o ka pua o ka mucous membranes. ʻAʻole ia he pathogenic a kōkua i ke koena o kā mākou microbiota. Eia nō naʻe, he pathological kahi anarchic proliferation o kēia hū: kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka candidiasis.

ʻO Candida albicans he mea hū-e like me ka hū o ka genus Candida a me ka ʻohana saccharomycetaceae. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Candida albicans i waena o nā haʻiki asexual nona ka nui o ka clonal. ʻO Candida albicans kahi mea ola diploid nona nā chromosomes 8. Hāʻawi kona heterozygosity i ka hiki ke hoʻololi i nā ʻano like ʻole.

ʻO Candida albicans ke kumu maoli o ka pua o ka mucous membrane o ke kanaka. ʻAʻole pathological kona hele ʻana. ʻIke mākou i kēia haʻuki i ka digestive tract o 70% o nā pākeke olakino. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka hormonal a i ʻole ka pale ʻole ke kuleana no ka hoʻonui anarchic o kēia haʻiki a laila e hoʻoulu ai i kekahi mau hōʻailona. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka candidiasis a i ʻole mycosis.

ʻO nā kumu virulence C. albicans hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui:

• dimorphism (ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hū i ka haʻo ma muli o ke kaiapuni a puni);
• adhesins (ka heluna nui o nā mea i loaʻa i ka ʻili e hiki ai iā C. albicans ke hoʻopili maʻalahi i nā keʻena o kāna mea hoʻokipa);
• nā mea huna enzymatic;
• etc.

Hiki ke loaʻa nā maʻi C. albicans i ka maʻi maʻi, waha a i ʻole ka maʻi digestive. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ulu nui ʻana o Candida albicans ma ka ʻili he mea maʻamau a kumu i nā hōʻailona ʻili. ʻOi aku ka kakaikahi, i nā maʻi immunocompromised, hiki i ka C. albicans ke colonize i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā kino a i ʻole ke kino holoʻokoʻa: ke ʻōlelo nei mākou no ka candidiasis systemic. I kēia hihia, ʻo ka pilikia o ka make ma kahi o 40%.

ʻO Candida albicans kahi microorganism e pili ana i ka microbial flora i loko o ke kanaka a me nā holoholona pumehana. Aia ia i loko o ka waha, digestive a me genital mucous membranes, ma ke ʻano o nā blastospores, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke ʻano saprophytic e noho ana ma ka symbiosis me ka mea hoʻokipa. I nā kumuhana olakino, hoʻokaʻawale ʻokoʻa ka hū ma muli o nā wahi hoʻohālike, ʻo ka waihona nui e noho mau i ka digestive tract:

• ʻili (3%);
• ʻupena (13%);
• tract ano-rectal (15%);
• waha waha (18%);
• ʻōpū a me ka duodenum (36%);
• jejunum a me ka ileum (41%).

Eia nō naʻe, pono e nānā ʻia kēia mau helu me ka makaʻala no ka mea ʻaʻole i like nā ʻano hana laʻana a ʻaʻole i hōʻike mau nā wahi laʻana i kahi ʻano like ʻole.

No laila, pono ka C.albicans no ke kaulike o ka microbiota. Eia naʻe, i ka wā i haki ai kēia kaulike i kona ʻano commensal a me nā pale pale pale, lilo kēia symbiosis i parasitic. ʻO kēia ka hopena i kahi maʻi lele i kapa ʻia ʻo candidiasis.

ʻO Candidiasis kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka fungus Candida albicans. ʻAʻole ia he maʻi lele: aia ka hū i loko o ke kino, i loko o ka mucous membranes, ka waha, ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe a me nā maʻi. Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Candidiasis i kahi anarchic proliferation o Candida albicans, nona iho i kumu ʻia e ka pale ʻole a i ʻole ka hormonal imbalance a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali o ka microbial flora. Eia hou, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia nā maʻi hū maʻi he mau maʻi i lawe ʻia e ke kāne (STI), ʻoiai ʻo ka moe kolohe he kumu pilikia ia no nā maʻi hū (ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka flora genital).

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka C. albicans i ke kanaka i ke kanaka ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā faeces, nā huna huna a i ʻole nā ​​lima. Ma nā halemai, ʻo C. albicans ke kumu nui o Nā maʻi Nosocomial manawa kūpono.

Nā mea pilikino

ʻO kekahi mau mea pilikia e hōʻike i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka candidiasis:

• nā papa hana hou o nā antibiotic;
• ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopōʻino i ka pale ʻana (corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, chemotherapy, etc.);
• a immunodepression (no ka hānau hānau ʻana, pili i ka maʻi HIV a i ʻole kahi transplant).

ʻO nā maʻi hū o ka wahine ka candidiasis maʻamau, e pili ana i ka 10 a i ka 20% o nā wahine i ka wā o ka moekolohe. Mahalo ʻia lākou e:

• nā hoʻololi hormonal;
• ka lawe ʻana i ka estrogen-progestogen contraceptives;
• ka houhu ;
• pants i paʻa loa;
• nā lole komo i hana ʻole ʻia me ka pulupulu (a ʻoi aku hoʻi nā thongs);
• e komo ana i na panty liners;
• ʻino ka maʻemaʻe;
• moe kolohe lōʻihi.