ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua loli nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau ECT mai ko lākou hoʻohana mua ʻana i ka hopena o 30s. Ma mua o ka nalo ʻana mai ka therapeutic arsenal, hoʻohana mau ʻia lākou e mālama i ke kaumaha nui a i ʻole kekahi mau hihia o ka schizophrenia.

Electroconvulsive therapy a i ʻole seismotherapy, i kapa pinepine ʻia ka electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) i kēia mau lā, ʻo ia ka hoʻouna ʻana i kahi au uila i ka lolo e hana i kahi hopu convulsive (epilepsy). Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoihoi i kēia hanana physiological: ma ka pale a me ke ola reflex, i ka wā o kahi pilikia convulsive e hūnā ka lolo i nā ʻano neurotransmitters a me nā neurohormones (dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin) e pili ana i nā maʻi naʻau. E hoʻoulu kēia mau mea i nā neurons a hoʻoikaika i ka hana ʻana i nā pilina neural hou.

Hiki ke hana ʻia ka Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) i ka wā o ka haukapila a i ʻole ma kahi maʻi maʻi waho. Pono ka ʻae o ka mea maʻi, e like me nā hana lapaʻau.

ʻAʻole like me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka seismotherapy, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea maʻi ma lalo o ka anesthesia āpau pōkole (5 a 10 mau minuke) a me ka curarization: ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo ia me ka curare, kahi mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka lolo o nā ʻiʻo, i mea e pale ai i ka convulsions muscle a pale 'ia ' t eha iaia iho.

E kau ka psychiatrist i nā electrodes like ʻole ma ke poʻo o ka mea maʻi, i hiki ke nānā i ka hana o ka lolo i ke kaʻina hana. A laila, hāʻawi ʻia ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka uila no ka manawa pōkole loa (ma lalo o 8 kekona) o ke ʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa (0,8 amperes) i ka iwi poʻo i mea e hiki ai ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kahi o kanakolu kekona. ʻO ka nāwaliwali o kēia au uila e hiki ai ke pale i nā hopena koʻikoʻi i ʻike mua ʻia ma hope o ka electroshock:

Hiki ke hana hou ʻia nā kau 2 a i ʻole 3 manawa o ka pule, no ka hoʻōla ʻana mai kekahi mau kau a i iwakālua paha, ma muli o ka ulu ʻana o ke kūlana olakino o ka mea maʻi.

Wahi a nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo olakino, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ECT ma ke ʻano he laina mua inā loaʻa kahi pilikia weliweli i ke ola (pilikia o ka pepehi kanaka, hōʻino koʻikoʻi i ke kūlana maʻamau) a i ʻole ke ʻano like ʻole ke kūlana olakino o ka mea maʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i "kekahi ʻano hana maikaʻi. therapy, a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau lua ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻole ʻana o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau, i kēia mau pathologies like ʻole:

• kaumaha nui;
• bipolarity i ka hoʻouka manic koʻikoʻi;
• kekahi mauʻano o schizophrenia (nā maʻi schizoaffective, syndromes paranoid nui).

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole nā ​​​​hui āpau e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ECT, a aia kahi ʻokoʻa ikaika ma ka ʻāina no kēia hāʻawi therapeutic.

Ma hope o ke kau

He mea maʻamau ka nānā ʻana i nā poʻo, nausea, nalo hoʻomanaʻo pōkole.

nā hualoaʻa

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka maikaʻi curative no ka wā pōkole o ka ECT ma ke kaumaha nui ma 85 a 90%, ʻo ia hoʻi ka maikaʻi e like me nā antidepressants. Pono ka lāʻau hoʻohuihui ma hope o ka mālama ʻana me ECT, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe (35 a me 80% e like me ka palapala) o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana. Hiki ke mālama i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​hui ECT consolidation.

E pili ana i ka bipolarity, hōʻike nā haʻawina e like ka maikaʻi o ka ECT e like me ka lithium i ka hoʻouka kaua manic i nā maʻi e loaʻa ana i nā neuroleptics, a hiki ke loaʻa i kahi hana wikiwiki i ka hoʻonāukiuki a me ka elation.

Nā pilikia

ʻAʻole pili ka lolo i ka ECT, akā mau kekahi mau pilikia. ʻO ka pilikia o ka make e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻamau i manaʻo ʻia ma 2 no 100 mau manawa ECT, a me ka nui o ka morbidity ma 000 ulia i kēlā me kēia 1 a 1 mau manawa.