ʻO ka epiglottis (mai ka medieval Latin epiglottis, e hele mai ana mai ka Greek epiglôttis, ʻo ia hoʻi "aia ma ka alelo") kahi hana o ka larynx, nā ʻōnaehana o ka ʻōnaehana hanu, aia ma ka ʻāʻī ma waena o ka pharynx a me ka trachea.

wahi. ʻO ka epiglottis kahi hanana o ka larynx. Aia ka hope ma hope o ka pharynx, ma ka pae o ka hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā alaloa (i ka trachea) a me ka digestive tract (i ka esophagus). Hoʻopili ka larynx i kona ʻaoʻao i luna i ka iwi hyoid. ʻO ka larynx kahi aʻa i hana ʻia i nā cartilages ʻokoʻa (1), a he ʻelima mau mea nui: ʻo ka cartilage thyroid, nā cartilages arytenoid, ka cartilage cricoid, a me ka cartilage epiglottic. Hoʻopili pū ʻia nā cartilages e kahi o nā ligament a hoʻopuni ʻia e nā membrane e hōʻoia i ka ʻoʻoleʻa o ka larynx. Hāʻawi ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ka larynx e kekahi mau mākala e pili pono ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka epiglottis a me nā kaula leo.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka epiglottis. ʻO ka epiglottis ka mea i hana nui ʻia i ka cartilage epiglottic, e hana ana i kahi kōkua naʻau a hāʻawi i ka maʻalahi i nā epiglottis. Uhi ʻia kēia cartilage me kahi membrane mucous. He palena manuahi ko ka epiglottis, a pili paʻa ia i:

• 
  i ka ligament thyroepiglottic ma kona lalo;
• i ka ligament hyoepiglottic ma kona ʻaoʻao mua ma ka iwi hyoid (1) (2).

Māhele i ka ale ʻana. I mea e pale ai i ka hele ʻana o ka meaʻai a wai paha ma o ka trachea a me nā akemāmā, pani ka epiglottis i ka larynx a hui pū nā kaula leo (3).

Hana hanu. Hāʻawi nā epiglottis a me nā kaula leo i ka ea i loaʻa i ka trachea a me nā māmā, a hoʻokuʻu i ka ea i ka pharynx (3).

ʻeha ka ʻāʻī. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, pili lākou i nā viral. I ke kumu o ka laryngitis a i ʻole epiglottitis, pili paha lākou i kahi maʻi bacteria.

laryngitis. Kūlike ia i ka mumū o ka larynx, hiki ke hoʻopili i ka epiglottis. Huʻi a mau paha, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he batukū a me ka dysphonia (nā maʻi o ke ala). ʻOi aku ka koʻikoʻi i nā keiki a hele pū ʻia me dispnea (paʻakikī hanu) (3).

Epiglottitis. ʻO ka pinepine o ke kumu bacteria, he ʻano koʻikoʻi ia o ka laryngitis e hoʻopili pololei ana i ka epiglottis. Hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka edema o ka epiglottis a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka asphyxia (4) (5).

Maʻi ʻaʻai Laryngeal. Pili pinepine ia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāʻī a hiki i nā pae āpau o ka larynx, keu hoʻi i ka epiglottis (6).

Antibiotic a i ʻole anti-inflammatory lapaʻau. Kau ʻia kahi antibiotic no kahi maʻi bacteria. Hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory e kaupalena i ka lī.

Tracheotomy. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi loa, pili kēia hana i ka wehe i ka pae o ka larynx e ʻae ai i ka hele ʻana o ka ea a pale i ka asphyxiation.

Laryngectomie. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi loa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki ke hana i ka lawe ʻana i ka larynx (7).

ʻO ke kelepona. Hoʻopau ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai e ka hōʻike ʻana i x-ray7.

ʻO Chemotherapy. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā lāʻau e hōʻemi i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Laryngoscopy kuhikuhi ʻole. Hāʻawi iā ʻoe e nānā i ka larynx, a me nā epiglottis, e hoʻohana ana i kahi aniani liʻiliʻi i kau ʻia ma ka hope o ka ʻāʻī (8).

Laryngoscopy pololei. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka larynx me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paipu ʻoʻoleʻa a maʻalahi hoʻi i hoʻolauna ʻia ma o ka ihu. Hiki i kēia intervensi ke ʻae i kahi laʻana e lawe ʻia (biopsy) inā koi ʻia ka hoʻokolokolo (8).

ʻO ka laryngopharyngographie. Hiki ke hana i kēia ninaninau x-ray o ka larynx e hoʻopau i ke kuhi (8).

nohona kiwikā o. Hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia ka epiglottis i kahi kiwikā, e pale ana i ka ʻai hele hewa ʻana i loko o ka trachea.

Kumumanaʻo i ke kumu o ka ʻōlelo. ʻO ke kūlana haʻahaʻa o ka larynx i nā kānaka o kēia au i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mammal ʻē aʻe kahi kumuhana o ke kumumanaʻo e pili ana i ke kumu o ka ʻōlelo. Eia nō naʻe, ke hōʻike nei kahi noiʻi hou e hiki i ka hiki ke kamaʻilio ke ʻoi aku ka nui (9).