ʻO ka ethmoid kahi iwi liʻiliʻi ma ka iwi poʻo, aia ma hope o ka iwi i ka ihu, ma waena o nā kumu o nā maka ʻelua. Hoʻohālikelike ia i ka hapa kiʻekiʻe o nā ihu ihu a me kahi hapa o nā sinus.

ʻO kēia iwi, me kahi geometry paʻakikī, komo i ka hoʻolālā o nā ʻano o ke alo.

• nā ana poepoe, ʻo ia kahi ʻāpana o ka paia o loko;
• ka puka ihu, kahi e hana ai i ke kaupaku a me ka ʻāpana o nā paia, a ʻo ke kua hoʻi o ka nasal septum (i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo nasal septum). ʻO kēia lamina bony kū i luna, ka mea hoʻokaʻawale i nā lua ʻelua, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, no ka ethmoid ia;
• nā sinmo ethmoid, hollowed ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o ka ethmoid.

Hoʻopili pū ʻia ka ethmoid e nā hopena o nā aʻalolo olfactory, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e nā liʻiliʻi a me nā lua he nui kahi i hoʻopuni ʻia ai kona ʻaoʻao luna. Aia ma luna ona, i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻomaha nā ʻōlapa olfactory.

Ma waho o kāna kūlana hoʻolālā, he mana nui kā ka ethmoid i ka hoʻokipa ʻana i nā hōʻailona olfactory. ʻElua mau wānana o kēia iwi i loko o nā kōhao ihu, ma ke ʻano o nā pū, i kuleana ʻia nā turbinate ihal no ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka ea hanu i nā hunaola olfactory.

Ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka ethmoid pū kekahi nā sinus, i kapa ʻia he sinmo ethmoid, i hana ʻia me nā lua i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka ea. Hoʻopili ʻia ko lākou mau paia me kahi membrane mucous i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻāhaʻi ihu, akā ʻaʻole maopopo i kā lākou kuleana kikoʻī. ʻIke maopopo loa mākou i ko lākou ola ke hele a maʻi a pale ʻia paha lākou.

ʻO Ethmoiditis

ʻO Ethmoid sinusitis, a i ʻole ethmoiditis, ke kuni o ka pale e uhi ana i nā sinmo ethmoid, ma hope o kahi maʻi bacteria. Hoʻopili paha ia i kahi sinus ethmoid hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua, a i ʻole pili ʻia me ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā hewa ʻē aʻe. I kāna ʻano koʻikoʻi loa, e pili pinepine i nā keiki ma mua o nā mākua, ʻike ʻia e nā ʻōuli aʻe:

• pehu o ka lihilihi luna, ma ka pae o ke kihi o loko o ka maka, e hohola malie nei;
• ʻehaʻeha i ka pae o kēia edema;
• maka ʻōpuʻu (exophtalmie);
• ka hōʻiliʻili o ka pā i ka maka, a me ka hoʻokuʻu purulent mai nā puka ihu;
• wela wela.

Ma kahi hōʻailona evocative liʻiliʻi loa, paipai ʻia kahi kūkā olakino olakino. 

Pono pono ka mālama wikiwiki e hōʻalo i nā pilikia o kēia pathology:

• palsy nerve oculomotor;
• ka nalowale o ka noʻonoʻo i ke kornea;
• meningeal syndrome (ʻeha ke poʻo, ʻāʻī ʻoʻoleʻa a luaʻi).

Aia kekahi ʻano mau o ka ethmoiditis, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kolohe akā ʻoi aku ka hala ma mua o ʻekolu mau mahina. Ma waena o nā kumu pinepine pinepine: malformation o nā turbinates a i ʻole ka nasal septum, a i ʻole kahi moʻokūʻauhau maikaʻi. 

Ethmoid adenocarcinoma

ʻO kēia tumo maʻi ʻino, nāna e hoʻomōhala i ka membrane mucous o nā sinmo ethmoid, kākaʻikahi (ma kahi o 200 mau hihia hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Palani). Hoʻopili ʻia i ka hanu maʻamau ʻana o ka lāʻau, ka ʻili a i ʻole ka lepo nickel, ʻo ia ka hana maʻamau. ʻIke ʻia e like me ka ʻinikua olakino (hiki i kahi manawa hōʻike o ʻelima mau makahiki).

Loaʻa ka lohi o ka holomua o kēia kanesa sinus, me kahi pae lag o kekahi mau makahiki. No laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli ma hope o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka hana i nīnau ʻia, ma nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ia paha: 

• ālai ʻole nasal unilateral i hala ʻole, hele pinepine ʻia me kahi hoʻokuʻu mucopurulent (rhinorrhea), i kaha ʻia me ke koko;
• epistaxis, a i hana pinepine ʻia paha, unilateral a me nā ihu kūlohelohe, e kū nei me ka ʻole o kahi kumu kūloko a ʻōnaehana paha.
• nalo o ka honi a i ʻole kekahi hapa o ka hoʻolohe ʻana, pili paha me nā maʻi ale.
• ʻeha edema o ka eyelid luna, pili paha me ka maʻi o ka sac lacrimal (dacryocystitis). Ma muli o kēia pehu e kū nei i ka wahi kaohi o ka orbit, hiki i ka maka ke ʻōhū (exophthalmos) a me ka eyelid droop (ptosis). Hiki iā mākou ke nānā i ka palu ʻana o ka ocular a i ʻole ka diplopia (ʻike like i nā kiʻi ʻelua o ka mea like).

I ka hihia o ka ethmoiditis

I kona ʻano koʻikoʻi, he maʻi lapaʻau kēia sinusitis. Pono e kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau Antibiotic me ka hoʻokaʻulua ʻole e kaua i ka maʻi, a laila mālama ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau 48 mau hola ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau e hiki ai ke hōʻoia i ka hopena.

Inā ua ʻike ʻia nā pilikia, hoʻolōʻihi ʻia, pono ka lāʻau antibiotic ākea ākea. Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka haukapila a i ʻole ma kahi kumu o waho.

Hiki ke hana ʻia ke kahawai ʻoki e wehe i ka abscess i hoʻokumu ʻia. Hana ʻia kēia ethmoidectomy e kahi ENT a i ʻole maxillofacial surgeon, ma o ka lua ihu. Aia ia i ka wehe ʻana i ka iwi ethmoid e kiʻi i nā sinus a hana i kā lākou hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

Ina o adenocarcinoma

Inā ʻaʻole nui loa ia a inā ʻae ʻia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka mea maʻi, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau he endmoopectomy endoscopic: hala ke kauka i kāna mea kani, me kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi, ma o ka ihu e hemo ai ka ʻāpana o ka iwi. a me ka mucosa maʻi. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka hana e radiotherapy. Pono paha ke kūkulu hou ʻana e pani i ke kumu o ka iwi poʻo.

Ke koho ʻole ke ʻoki, hāʻawi ʻia ka lapaʻau e hoʻohui i ka chemotherapy a me ka radiotherapy.

Hoʻokumu mua ʻia ke kuhi o ka ethmoiditis ma ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. Hiki ke hana ʻia i kekahi mau loiloi hou aʻe ma ke noi a ka ʻoihana olakino i kūkākūkā ʻia: CT a MRI paha, nā laʻana bacteriological. Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia, e ʻike ai i ka kānana pathogenic i nīnau a / a i ʻole e nānā i nā pilikia. 

Noho hāmau ka maʻi ʻaʻai Sinus ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana iā ia iho, ka kānana ʻōnaehana, na ENT ukali a nasofibroscopie, hāʻawi ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻelua i nā limahana i hōʻike ʻia a me nā limahana ma mua. Hana ʻia ka hōʻailona ma kahi biopsy, hana ʻia, inā kānalua, i ka manawa o fibroscopy.